著者

桜井 伸二 池上 康男 矢部 京之助 岡本 敦 豊島 進太郎

出版者

一般社団法人 日本体育学会

雑誌

体育学研究 (ISSN:04846710)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.35, no.2, pp.143-156, 1990-09-01 (Released:2017-09-27)

被引用文献数

10 6

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Many joint actions are involved in the throwing motion of a fastball pitch; therefore, two dimensional (2-D) procedures are insufficient for analyzing the throwing motion. In this study,three dimensional (3-D) high-speed cinematography was used to record fastball pitches of varsity baseball pitchers. Two small reference sticks were fixed on the hands and forearms of the throwing arm of the subjects to detect their movements.The direct linear transformation (DLT) method was used for 3-D space reconstruction from 2-D images filmed by two from 2-D images filmed by two phase-locked cameras (200 frames/s).The throwing arm has seven degrees of freedom of joint motion except in the fingers; three for the shoulder, one for the elbow, one for the radioulnar, and two for the wrist. Following seven joint angle changes corresponding to all these degrees of freedom were obtained throughout the pitching motion. 1) horizontal abduction/horizontal adduction angle at the shoulder joint, 2) abduction/adduction angle at the shoulder joint, 3) internal rotation/external rotation angle at the shoulder joint, 4) flexion/extension angle at the elbow joint, 5) pronation/supination angle at the radio-ulnar joint (forearm), 6) radial flexion/ulnar flexion angle at the wrist joint, 7) palmar flexion/dorsi flexion angle at the wrist joint. The results showed that horizontal adduction and internal rotation of the shoulder,extension of the elbow, pronation of the forearm, and palmar flexion of the wrist were the important joint actions for fastball pitching in baseball. Preliminary to these motions were motions in the opposite direction; e.g., horizontal abduction and external rotation of the shoulder,flexion of the elbow, supination of the forearm, and dorsi flexion of the wrist were detected.These motions in the opposite direction would be useful to extend the range of the motion in each joint angle. The results also appear to be connected to intrinsic muscle propertios, that greater power can be exerted during shortening of the muscle when it is stretched just before the shortening action.

著者

宮西 智久 藤井 範久 阿江 通良 功力 靖雄 岡田 守彦

出版者

一般社団法人 日本体育学会

雑誌

体育学研究 (ISSN:04846710)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.41, no.1, pp.23-37, 1996-05-10 (Released:2017-09-27)

被引用文献数

7

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We investigated the contribution of the motions in the upper torso and the throwing arm joints to the ball velocity during the baseball throw. The ball velocities caused by the anatomical rotations at the upper torso, shoulder, elbow, wrist and metacarpophalangeal joints were calculated as the vector products between the anatomical angular velocity vectors of joints and the respective relative displacement vectors from the joint centers to the center of ball, by using a mathematical model reported by Sprigings et al. (1994). Horizontal throws of twenty-four male university baseball players were filmed using a three-dimensional DLT method. In order to verify the ball velocities obtained from the anatomical joint rotations from the instant of the stride foot contact to the ball release, the velocity of ball measured directly from video recording was compared with that calculated by the mathematical model. A good agreement was acquired between the velocity of ball measured and that calculated. The velocities obtained from the left-rotation, flexion at the upper torso joint and the horizontal flexion at the shoulder joint contributed to the ball velocity in the early phase where the increase of ball velocity was slow. The velocities obtained from the internal-rotation at the shoulder joint, extension at the elbow joint, palmar-flexion at the wrist joint, and left-rotation/flexion at the upper torso joint contributed in the late phase where the increase of ball velocity was rapid. At the ball release, the contribution of each joint, which is the ratio of the positive ball velocity obtained from the anatomical joint rotations to the summation of individual positive ball velocities was as follows; 34.1% by the internal-rotation at the shoulder, 17.7% by the palmar-flexion at the wrist, 15.2% by the extension at the elbow, and 9.6% by the left-rotation at the upper torso joint.

著者

白井 良和

出版者

富山医科薬科大学

巻号頁・発行日

2001

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博士論文

著者

三上 貞芳

出版者

The Robotics Society of Japan

雑誌

日本ロボット学会誌 (ISSN:02891824)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.15, no.8, pp.1118-1121, 1997-11-15 (Released:2010-08-25)

参考文献数

21

著者

迫田 久美子

出版者

日本語教育方法研究会

雑誌

日本語教育方法研究会誌 (ISSN:18813968)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.11, no.2, pp.32-33, 2004-09-18 (Released:2017-06-15)

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The research was conducted involving eight JSL students for 3 months. The subjects participated in Shadowing Activity (a task of listening the recorded text and repeating it as exactly as possible). The subjects' speech was recorded as they repeated the recorded text. The analysis of the collected data has revealed that (1) there are lots of errors in the repeated text; e.g., overuse of NO and mis-use of WA and GA, and (2) the subjects made production errors even though they heard the Japanese input correctly during the shadowing. The finding indicates that Shadowing Activity could be useful not only for training second language learners' production skill but also as a research tool in investigating the problems of learning such as the phenomena of fossilization.

著者

高田 紘二 Koji TAKATA 奈良県立大学 Nara Prefectural University

雑誌

奈良県立大学研究季報 = NARA PREFECTURAL UNIVERSITY KENKYUKIHO (ISSN:13465775)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.13, no.2, pp.9-13, 2002-10-10

著者

吉田 昌宏 雨宮 怜 坂入 洋右

出版者

一般社団法人 日本健康心理学会

雑誌

Journal of Health Psychology Research (ISSN:21898790)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.32, no.2, pp.43-54, 2020-02-01 (Released:2020-02-18)

参考文献数

37

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Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a neurodevelopmental condition that includes attention deficit, hyperactivity, and impulsivity as the core symptoms. Studies have reported that secondary symptoms of ADHD people include high trait anxiety, low self-esteem, and low self-acceptance. This two-part study investigated the efficacy of autogenic training (AT) for ADHD people. AT is considered to be effective for relieving anxiety, improving self-esteem, and self-acceptance. In Study 1, college students and ADHD people were compared to identify the psychological characteristics of ADHD people. In Study 2, ADHD people were randomly divided into an intervention and control group, and ADHD participants in the intervention group experienced an eight-week AT intervention. Results indicated that trait anxiety decreased significantly in the AT group. Moreover, there were improvements in self-esteem, and attention control, as well as a remarkable improvement in unconditional self-acceptance in the AT group (ηp2=.55) compared to the control. These results indicate that AT is effective for relieving anxiety, improving self-esteem and attention control, as well as promoting unconditional self-acceptance in ADHD people.

著者

服部 春彦

出版者

京都大学大学院文学研究科西洋史研究室

雑誌

フェネストラ : 京大西洋史学報 = Fenestra (ISSN:24344737)

巻号頁・発行日

no.1, pp.1-3, 2018-07-31

著者

渡辺 敏明 星 永進 佐藤 文彦 遠藤 晃

出版者

日本先天異常学会

雑誌

日本先天異常学会会報 (ISSN:00372285)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.22, no.3, pp.276-277, 1982

著者

新村 寿夫 鈴木 隆雄 佐橋 佳一

出版者

公益社団法人 日本ビタミン学会

雑誌

ビタミン (ISSN:0006386X)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.26, no.1, pp.38-42, 1962

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Biosynthesis of biotin from DL-desthiobiotin by washed cells of Saccharomyces cerevisiae was investigated. It was found to be the best condition for biosynthesis of biotin that the cells, which were cultured in a liquid medium containing a suboptimal amount (20 mμg per 100ml) of DL-desthiobiotin during one to three days, were incubated in the reaction mixture containing DL-desthiobiotin (2×10^<-7>M) and glucose at 37℃ without shaking. The addition of several sulfur compounds did not increase the production of biotin. Therefore, sulfur source on biosynthesis of biotin by washed cells was supplied with the sulfur compounds present in the cell. The synthesized biotin was practically restricted intracellulary under this condition and 87 per cent of the biotin was present in a esterified form.

著者

田上 泰子 花井 潤師 野町 祥介 水嶋 好清 佐藤 勇次 藤田 晃三 福士 勝 楠 祐一 山口 昭弘

出版者

札幌市衛生研究所

雑誌

札幌市衛生研究所年報 = Annual Report of Sapporo City Institute of Public Health (ISSN:09170294)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.27, pp.32-37, 2000

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札幌市では、痙攣や意識障害などの臨床症状により先天性代謝異常症が疑われた児を対象としたハイリスク・スクリーニング検査を実施している。1996年4月から2000年3月までの4年間の受検者数は、スクリーニング開始から6年間の受検者数の約2.8倍にあたる1040人で、15名に何らかの代謝異常症を示す診断結果が得られた。本スクリーニングは、診断が困難な患児の早期発見、早期治療にむすびつけるための検査として、その必要性は非常に高い。

著者

横山 寿

出版者

日本陸水学会

雑誌

陸水学雑誌 (ISSN:00215104)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.80, no.3, pp.125-144, 2019

被引用文献数

2

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<p> アジア原産のシジミ属二枚貝が1920年代に北アメリカに侵入し,その後,南アメリカ,ヨーロッパに拡散した。1980年代には日本国内にも侵入し,世界各地の生態系や経済に負の影響を及ぼしてきた。この問題への関心を喚起するため,どこを原産地とする何というシジミが,どのように,なぜ新地への侵入に成功し,分布を拡大させ,在来生態系や地域経済にいかなる影響を及ぼしてきたのか,いかなる対策が必要かを2報に分けて解説する。第1報の本報では分類の問題点,外来シジミの起源,侵入・拡散経路の推定に寄与した形態と遺伝子分析による系統分類および侵入・拡散のメカニズムを概説した。最近の系統分類研究の成果は次のとおり:1) 形態のみでは種,系統を同定できない;2) 雄性発生する雌雄同体,淡水性の数系統が外来種となっている;3) 在来のマシジミと外来のタイワンシジミ間の形態・分子遺伝学的差異は微小であり,両種はごく近い近縁種か,前者は後者の一系統と推定される。生息場所,形態,核型,精子形態,生殖様式,ミトコンドリア・核の遺伝子マーカーの分析により,外来シジミの系統,起源と侵入・拡散経路の一端が明らかになりつつある。</p>

著者

西 村正 波部 忠重

出版者

日本貝類学会

雑誌

ちりぼたん (ISSN:05779316)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.16, no.2, pp.62-63, 1985-07-31

著者

佐藤 郁夫 サトウ イクオ Ikuo Sato

雑誌

経済と経営

巻号頁・発行日

vol.29, no.2, pp.251-280, 1998-09-30

著者

鈴木 力英 河村 武

出版者

公益社団法人 日本地理学会

雑誌

地理学評論 Ser. A (ISSN:00167444)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.68, no.12, pp.779-791, 1995-12-01 (Released:2008-12-25)

参考文献数

15

被引用文献数

1 1

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日本における地上から300hPaまでの気温逆転層(接地逆転層は除く)の地域性と季節性を明らかにすることを試みた.資料には高層観測磁気テープを使用し,1983年3月~1987年2月の4年間を対象期間とした.対象地点は国内の20地点,対象時刻は日本標準時で9時と21時である.逆転層の月別出現頻度と出現高度の情報をもとにクラスター分析を行ない,日本列島を5つの地域(北海道型,東本州型,仙台・館野型,西日本型,太平洋島しょ型)に区分し,次のような結果を得た.北海道型では1,000~950hPaの気層で逆転層が梅雨期を中心に31%(6月)の頻度で発生し,これはオホーツク海気団の影響と考えられる.750hPaを中心とした逆転層の出現頻度の極大は夏季を除いた季節に全国でみられ,冬季季節風,および移動性高気圧等に伴う沈降性逆転が原因であると考察される.

著者

三上 真司

出版者

横浜市立大学学術研究会

雑誌

横浜市立大学論叢. 人文科学系列 (ISSN:09117717)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.67, no.1, pp.151-186, 2016-01-29

著者

牧野 英三

出版者

奈良教育大学

雑誌

奈良教育大学紀要. 人文・社会科学 (ISSN:05472393)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.33, no.1, pp.69-85, 1984-11-26

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It is contemplated in this issue to research into the constitution of the rhythm and intonation of the reciting or chanting of the latter half of the Kakocho, which could not afford to be referred to in the article of 1983 (XII-a), and that of the Fujumon, recital of the Kakocho chanted by the officiating priest, Daidoshi, in the early-evening period, Shoya, every day during the fortnight's ritual. The recital of the Kakocho, proceeding to the third section, gives way to a monotonous reading, one item after another read out rapidly in a monotone. The List of departed persons from the first to the 671st is recited in proper order, while the 672nd to the 3314th are read off at a stretch, some of them skipped over according to the reciter's judgment. For the part from the Meiji Period (1868-1912) up to date, covering the 3716th to the latest, all-of the departed are mentioned in proper order. The Fujumon is recited by the officiating priest, who describes what are purported by those who wish the dead the repose of their souls. It is recited in a tone peculiar but monotonous as well. What are contained in the Fujumon are prayers for both of the alive and the dead offered by all the priests participating in the religious performance, Shunie, or individuals devoting themselves to the religious service for the departed. It is a matter of interest to observe through the prayers that each of the times has Its own religious way of thikmg.

著者

金子 周平

出版者

森林遺伝育種学会

雑誌

森林遺伝育種 (ISSN:21873453)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.2, no.3, pp.113-116, 2013-07-25 (Released:2020-07-13)

参考文献数

8

著者

後閑菊野, 佐方鎮子 著

出版者

成美堂[ほか]

巻号頁・発行日

vol.上巻, 1898