著者

安藤 丈将

出版者

東京大学大学院総合文化研究科国際社会科学専攻

雑誌

相関社会科学 (ISSN:09159312)

巻号頁・発行日

no.22, pp.3-21, 2012

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論文

著者

田中 彰吾 浅井 智久 金山 範明 今泉 修 弘光 健太郎

出版者

公益社団法人 日本心理学会

雑誌

心理学研究 (ISSN:00215236)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.90, no.5, pp.520-539, 2019 (Released:2019-12-25)

参考文献数

123

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This paper reviews past research on bodily consciousness and its neural representations, as well as current research on the body, self, and brain. In the early 20th century bodily consciousness was first conceptualized as body schema and body image. Empirical findings on phenomena such as phantom limbs suggested that body consciousness could be reduced to body representations in the brain. Body schema and body image have firm foundations in related brain areas including somatosensory and motor cortices, although they cannot be completely reduced to neural processes. In addition, the body image can be better categorized into two aspects (body semantics and body topology) that correspond to different streams of neural processing. Finally, we explored the self that emerges through interactions between the sense of body ownership and the sense of agency. The subjective sense of the self could well be the result of the bottom-up integration of multiple body representations.

著者

高橋 学

出版者

The Human Geographical Society of Japan

雑誌

人文地理 (ISSN:00187216)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.31, no.2, pp.150-164, 1979-04-28 (Released:2009-04-28)

参考文献数

60

被引用文献数

2 3

著者

増田 洋人

出版者

長岡技術科学大学

巻号頁・発行日

2013-12-31

著者

松下 勝

出版者

Japan Association for Quaternary Research

雑誌

第四紀研究 (ISSN:04182642)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.27, no.4, pp.273-278, 1989-03-31 (Released:2009-08-21)

参考文献数

38

被引用文献数

1 1

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In carrying out archaeological excavations and studies on remains of rice paddy fields, many problems cannot be solved without the help of the methods and techniques of natural science. Several such problems of considerable importance are detecting the sites, analyzing for what purpose they were used, clarifying the system for their utilization, establishing their chronology, estimating the harvest, determining the factors allowing for the existence of the rice paddy fields, their surrounding environment, and the effects of their cultivation on the natural environment.Observation of the soil section combined with pollen analysis has been successfully used in detecting the horizon of the site. Investigation of macro-remains of culture plants and other weeds contributed to recognition of the difference between rice paddy fields and dry agricultural fields, or to determining whether a rice field was dry or wet. Conventionally, in estimating a rice harvest, not only archaeological, but also bibliographical or agricultural methods have been applied. Analysis of plant opal, developed in recent years, reveals itself as a method superior to these conventional ones. To analyze the factors which made possible the establishment of the site, the methods mentioned above-for example, reconstruction of paleo-vegetation based on the pollen analysis-have been used. Recently, a method which could be referred to as micro-scale topographyenvironment analysis has been used successfully in investigating the relationship between rice field cultivation and topography and water supply.The number of branches of archaeology in which methods of natural science can be used successfully will increase also in the future. We should be aware, however, that analysis of archaeological material seldom yields any positive result unless the archaeologist, in consultation with the natural scientist, has a clear aim in utilizing such analyses. Establishing a data base to accumulate the archaeological data yielded by methods of natural science is necessary; such a data base may be useful for many disciplines in archaeological studies. More important, however, is the careful observation of sites in situ to establish the correct chronology of multi-layered archaeological sites and to estimate the time gap between succeeding layers, because the factors controlling the duration of cultivation of a rice field are multidimensional.

著者

唐澤 太輔

出版者

東洋大学国際哲学研究センター(「エコ・フィロソフィ」学際研究イニシアティブ)事務局

雑誌

「エコ・フィロソフィ」研究 = Eco-Philosophy (ISSN:18846904)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.11, pp.35-45, 2017-03

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We naturally accept the fact that human beings make a distinction between oneself and others. However, this distinction or barrier is only the standards and disciplines established by the majority of modern society. In other words, this distinction is considered to be arbitrary. In this paper, I criticize this arbitrary distinction, and I reveal the flexible and unobstructed place.First, I explain the significance of animals by using the Heidegger’s text, Die Grundbegriffe der Metaphysik : Welt-Endlichkeit-Einsamkei. Next, I explain the perspective of children and myōkōnin 妙好人 (sublimely excellent people of Shin Buddhism). I think that they are equally the beings who are standing on the flexible and unobstructed place. That is to say, they have the perspective of interpenetrative place.Finally, I reveal the importance of the interpenetrative place by using the thoughts of the Avataṃsaka Sūtra (Jp. kegongyō 華厳経). I think the thoughts of the Avataṃsaka Sūtra have the clue to resolve the conflict between individuals.

著者

呂 戊辰

出版者

一般社団法人 表面技術協会

雑誌

実務表面技術 (ISSN:03682358)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.33, no.9, pp.382-386, 1986-09-01 (Released:2009-10-30)

著者

ベラ・チャスラフスカ 述

出版者

ベースボール・マガジン社

巻号頁・発行日

1965

著者

岡本 明子 磯井 杉原 松村 嶋田

雑誌

東京医科大学病院看護研究集録

巻号頁・発行日

vol.17, pp.28-31, 1997-03

出版者

高千穂大学高千穂学会

雑誌

高千穂論叢 = THE TAKACHIHO RONSO (ISSN:03887340)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.53, no.1, pp.1-2, 2018-05-25

著者

吉田稔著

出版者

臼杵音楽連盟

巻号頁・発行日

1988

著者

奥山 倫明

出版者

東京大学文学部宗教学研究室

雑誌

東京大学宗教学年報 (ISSN:02896400)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.26, pp.19-34, 2009-03-31

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Kishimoto Hideo (1903-1964, professor in the Department of Religious Studies at the University of Tokyo), one of the leading scholars of religious studies in postwar Japan, is also known for his involvement in the postwar reforms of religious institutions and the administration of religion carried out by GHQ/SCAP. One focus of these reforms was to turn Shinto shrines, hitherto considered national institutions, into private religious corporations. Kishimoto himself published several essays discussing his cooperation with GHQ staff, including William Kenneth Bunce (1907-2008) of the Civil Information and Education Section (CIE). Concerning Kishimoto’s activities in the year 1945, his own recollections chiefly detail the following four aspects of the GHQ reforms: 1) the issue of how to deal with Yasukuni Shrine; 2) the issue of how to preserve Ise Jingu; 3) the drafting by the CIE of the so-called Shinto Directive; and 4) the process to replace the 1940 Religious Organizations Law with the Religious Juridical Persons Ordinance in 1945. This essay reviews these issues by referring to several well-known documents as well as to a hand-written copy of Kishimoto Hideo’s diary from 1945, contained in the William P. Woodard Papers in the Special Collection of the University of Oregon Library.

著者

鶴 久

出版者

福岡女子大学

雑誌

香椎潟 (ISSN:02874113)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.36, pp.1-8, 1990-10-25

著者

樫村南窓 (高行) 編

出版者

興進社

巻号頁・発行日

1910

著者

石川恒太郎 著

出版者

春秋社

巻号頁・発行日

1931

著者

柴田 友厚

出版者

研究・イノベーション学会

雑誌

研究 技術 計画 (ISSN:09147020)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.24, no.4, pp.338-347, 2010-12-17 (Released:2017-10-21)

参考文献数

31

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Japan's machine tool production was in the top position for 25 years since 1982, but decreased in 2009 by 56.5% from the level in the previous year, lowering the rank to the third and yielding the top position to China. The technical level of the machine tool industry in a country is indicative of its technology base. What happened in the competitiveness of the sector of strategic importance even for its relatively small market? Examination of the official trade statistics up to 2008 permitted to discern the trade structure of machine tools in East Asia and Japan's position in it. It was revealed that Japan has always enjoyed export surplus in this sector, indicating its technological competitiveness intact. The author argue that a coevolution mechanism between the NC equipment and machine tools has been at work as an important factor that supported the development of Japan's machine tool industry.

著者

北村 明彦 清野 諭 谷口 優 横山 友里 天野 秀紀 西 真理子 野藤 悠 成田 美紀 池内 朋子 阿部 巧 藤原 佳典 新開 省二

出版者

日本公衆衛生学会

雑誌

日本公衆衛生雑誌 (ISSN:05461766)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.67, no.2, pp.134-145, 2020-02-15 (Released:2020-02-22)

参考文献数

27

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目的 高齢者の保健事業と介護予防の一体的実施が進められる中,生活習慣病やフレイル関連の各因子が地域在住高齢者の自立喪失に及ぼす影響の強さ(ハザード比)と大きさ(寄与危険度割合)を明らかにする。方法 群馬県草津町において,2002~11年の高齢者健診を受診した65歳以上の男女計1,214人(男性520人,女性694人)を対象とし,平均8.1年(最大13.4年)追跡した。自立喪失は,介護保険情報による要介護発生または要介護発生前の死亡と定義した。生活習慣病因子として,高血圧,糖尿病,肥満,腎機能低下,喫煙,脳卒中・心臓病・がんの既往等を,機能的健康の関連因子として,フレイル区分,低体重,貧血,低アルブミン血症,認知機能低下を採り上げた。フレイル区分は,phenotypeモデルの5つの構成要素(体重減少,疲弊,活動量低下,歩行速度低値,握力低値)のうち3項目以上該当をフレイル,1~2項目該当をプレフレイルと定義した。Cox比例ハザードモデルを用いた回帰分析により,各要因保有群における自立喪失発生の多変量調整ハザード比(HR),集団寄与危険度割合(PAF)を算出した。結果 自立喪失発生者数は475人(要介護発生372人,要介護発生前死亡103人)であった。対象者全体でみると,自立喪失の多変量調整HRはフレイル,プレフレイル,認知機能低下,脳卒中既往,喫煙において1.3~2.2倍と有意に高値を示した。自立喪失のPAFは,プレフレイルが19%,フレイルが12%と他の要因に比し高率であった。男性では自立喪失のPAFは,プレフレイルが19%と最も大きく,次いで喫煙が11%であり,女性では,フレイル,プレフレイルがともに18%,腎機能低下が11%であった。前期高齢者では,フレイル,プレフレイルの他に脳卒中既往,貧血,低アルブミン,認知機能低下,喫煙,糖尿病における自立喪失の多変量調整HRが有意に高く,自立喪失のPAFは,プレフレイルが18%,フレイルが13%,喫煙が11%であった。結論 高齢者健診の受診者を対象とした検討の結果,自立喪失に寄与する割合が最も大きい要因はフレイル,プレフレイルであった。前期高齢期からフレイル予防,ならびに生活習慣病の予防・改善を図ることが集団全体の自立喪失の低減に寄与すると考えられた。

著者

安藤 哲行

出版者

日本イスパニヤ学会

雑誌

HISPANICA / HISPÁNICA (ISSN:09107789)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.1980, no.24, pp.52-64, 1980-10-25 (Released:2010-06-11)

参考文献数

14

被引用文献数

1

著者

加藤 佐和

出版者

熊本大学

雑誌

先端倫理研究 (ISSN:18807879)

巻号頁・発行日

no.2, pp.106-118, 2007-03

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R.M. Hare takes the position of total utilitarianism. Total utilitarianism that aims at maximizing of the total utility, would lead to a counter-intuitive conclusion. If we take the total utilitarianistic position, we have a duty of `beget and multiply.' This paper will discuss briefly a general view of Hare's theory and how he tries to solve this problem. His theory of total utilitarianism is able to take into account the utility of possible people. In doing so, Hare considers these possible people's potential to be a grown person as morally relevant. This paper considers the concept of this potential and how Hare considers the utility of possible people.

著者

杉野 幸夫

出版者

京都大学

雑誌

一般研究(A)

巻号頁・発行日

1968