巻号頁・発行日

1875

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商業-貿易 / 和装 / 明治8年11月

著者

下島 公紀 前田 義明 間木 道政

出版者

日本地球化学会

雑誌

日本地球化学会年会要旨集

巻号頁・発行日

vol.54, pp.129-129, 2007

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活動的な海底地殻で起こっている海底熱水活動域では,天然の状態でCO2が放出されている。熱水中にはマグマ起源のCO2が高濃度に含まれており,熱水噴出孔から放出された後は,高CO2濃度・低pHの熱水プルームとして深層水中に拡散するという現象が繰り広げられている。海底熱水活動域では、溶解したCO2によって高CO2濃度・低pHの環境が発生していることが予想されるため,熱水活動地帯における液体CO2の挙動観測は,CO2貯留の環境影響評価のナチュラルアナログとして最適である。

著者

竹原 孝一 三井 正朗 中村 〓治

出版者

日本ウイルス学会

雑誌

ウイルス (ISSN:00426857)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.25, no.4, pp.261-268, 1975-12-30 (Released:2010-03-16)

参考文献数

23

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Stillbirth and abortion can be induced in hamsters at a high frequency by peripheral intracardiac inoculation with Japanese encephalitis virus. In the present experiment hamsters were conferred with immunity of varying degrees beforehand to examine the relationship between the degree of immunity and the frequency of occurrence of stillbirth and abortion. The results obtained are summarized as follows.1. Hamsters immunized with live virus. (1) When inoculated with live virus, all the animals produced such a high titer of hemagglutination-inhibition antibody as 1:160-1:320. (2) In the immunized group, no animals (0/9) were involved in stillbirth or abortion when challenged by virus inoculation. The average number of young per litter was 8.6 In the unimmunized control group, stillborn and aborted young were seen in all the animals (9/9). The average number of young, including stillborn and aborted ones, per litter was 2.8.2. Hamsters immunized with inactivated virus. (1) When three different concentrations of vaccine, high, moderate, and low, were used for immunization, antibody was produced positively in 12/12, 11/16, and 1/14 animals of the three groups, respectively. (2) The rate of occurrence of fetal infection by challenge inoculation was 0% (0/8), 55.6 (5/9), 100% (6/6), and 100% (6/6) in these three immunized groups and the control group, respectively.3. Relationship between antibody titer and obstetrical disorders. Throughout the present experiment the rate of occurrence of stillbirth and abortion or fetal infection was 0% (0/11) in animals in which the neutralizing antibody titer (the rate of reduction of plaques formed in 1:20 dilution of serum) before challenge inoculation was more than 77, 50% (1/2) in animals in which the titer was 55, and 100% (10/10) in animals in which the titer was less than 47.These results made it clear that no fetal infection could be established in an animal which had antibody in the blood to some extent.

著者

小林 秀敏 富永 直路 堀川 敬太郎 渡辺 圭子

出版者

一般社団法人日本機械学会

雑誌

バイオエンジニアリング講演会講演論文集

巻号頁・発行日

vol.2012, no.24, pp."8G33-1"-"8G33-2", 2012-01-06

著者

日経BPビッグデータ・プロジェクト編

出版者

日経BPマーケティング (発売)

巻号頁・発行日

2013

著者

科学技術動向センター

出版者

科学技術政策研究所 科学技術動向研究センター

雑誌

科学技術動向 (ISSN:13493663)

巻号頁・発行日

no.077, pp.3-3, 2007-08-01 (Released:2013-06-12)

著者

太田 博俊 高木 国夫 大橋 一郎 田村 聡 久野 敬二郎 梶尾 鐶 加藤 洋

出版者

一般社団法人日本消化器外科学会

雑誌

日本消化器外科学会雑誌 (ISSN:03869768)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.14, no.10, pp.1399-1408, 1981-10-01

被引用文献数

10

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当外科において手術された1978年10月までの1000例の単発早期胃癌に対して肉眼分類を中心に時代的変貌を加味しつつ, その臨床像を検討した. 最近は手術胃癌の3例に1例は早期癌で, 陥凹型早期癌が多く, 占居部位では隆起型は胃下部, 陥凹型は, 胃中部に多い. 年齢分布はピークは隆起型は60歳代の山型, 陥凹型は50歳代の丘型を示した. 症例数では隆起型と陥凹型は, 1対4の比率で, 深達度 m と sm ではほぼ同率であった. 早期胃癌のリンパ節転移率は 12.7%, m 癌は 21.7%. 隆起型では, 20.9% その内 m 癌は 1%, sm 癌は, 33.3%, 陥凹型では, 10% その内 m 癌は 3.9%, sm 癌は 16.7% であった. 治癒切除例の5生率は 93.8% 非治癒切除例で 56.5% であった.

著者

佐藤 由美子

出版者

日本医療薬学会

雑誌

日本医療薬学会年会講演要旨集

巻号頁・発行日

vol.21, 2011-09-09

著者

石川 良子

出版者

社会学研究会

雑誌

ソシオロジ (ISSN:05841380)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.48, no.2, pp.39-55,156, 2003

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The purpose of this paper is to suggest a viewpoint to understand "Hikikomori" without referring to dyscommunication between parents and children as a cause of "Hikikomori," based on narratives by members of a self-help group.In this paper, we regard "Hikikomori" as passing, and focus on information about self and interactions with others. The term "Hikikomori" does not always indicate withdrawal from communication with all others.For example, informants sometimes go out for shopping or walks, on the one hand; on the other hand, they avoid meeting almost all their neighbors, friends and acquaintances. We can consider both episodes deliberate or unintended passing, namely, in order to avoid negative reactions from others, they try to keep anonymity that means relative shortage of biographical information by managing their own discreditable information about themselves. In addition, informants can associate with their intimates if they are familiar with the discreditable information about informants and passing is not needed. However, even in this case, informants sometimes avoid associating with their intimates if the negative reactions from them can be expected. From this view, it is not very important with whom informants communicate. In conclusion, we suggest that informants avoid the situations where they recognize themselves as stigmatized individuals, which cause them moral conflicts, and that we can consider "Hikikomori", in a sense, a rational strategy to ease their own moral conflicts.

著者

石川 良子

出版者

社会学研究会

雑誌

ソシオロジ (ISSN:05841380)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.48, no.2, pp.39-55,156, 2003

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The purpose of this paper is to suggest a viewpoint to understand "Hikikomori" without referring to dyscommunication between parents and children as a cause of "Hikikomori," based on narratives by members of a self-help group.In this paper, we regard "Hikikomori" as passing, and focus on information about self and interactions with others.<br> The term "Hikikomori" does not always indicate withdrawal from communication with all others.For example, informants sometimes go out for shopping or walks, on the one hand; on the other hand, they avoid meeting almost all their neighbors, friends and acquaintances. We can consider both episodes deliberate or unintended passing, namely, in order to avoid negative reactions from others, they try to keep anonymity that means relative shortage of biographical information by managing their own discreditable information about themselves.<br> In addition, informants can associate with their intimates if they are familiar with the discreditable information about informants and passing is not needed. However, even in this case, informants sometimes avoid associating with their intimates if the negative reactions from them can be expected. From this view, it is not very important with whom informants communicate.<br> In conclusion, we suggest that informants avoid the situations where they recognize themselves as stigmatized individuals, which cause them moral conflicts, and that we can consider "Hikikomori", in a sense, a rational strategy to ease their own moral conflicts.

著者

石渡 明弘

出版者

社団法人日本化学会

雑誌

化学と教育 (ISSN:03862151)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.61, no.6, pp.286-289, 2013-06-20

著者

加藤 俊博 奥山 治美 徳留 信寛 織田 久男 渡辺 和彦 木村 眞人

出版者

一般社団法人日本土壌肥料学会

雑誌

日本土壌肥料學雜誌 (ISSN:00290610)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.80, no.2, pp.192-200, 2009-04-05

被引用文献数

1

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健康志向が世界的に高まりつつあり、わが国においても、国民の食育、食と健康に関する関心は益々高くなっており、食生活の重要性が強く認識されつつある。一方、国民の「栄養と健康」に関する知識の現状はなお不十分で、野菜摂取量不足等によるビタミン、ミネラル不足あるいは油脂・脂肪(リノール酸、トランス脂肪酸)の取りすぎ等による栄養摂取のアンバランスががん、心疾患等の生活習慣病を助長している。他方で、消費者の健康食品・機能性成分に対する関心は高く、栄養補助食品としてビタミンやミネラル成分が摂取されている。しかし、ミネラル等の栄養補助食品では過剰摂取による弊害も発生しており、野菜等の食物からの摂取を積極的に勧める必要がある。このため、行政サイドからも、野菜摂取量の増加が叫ばれているものの、食生活の変化から、こども、若者高齢者を中心に野菜を十分に摂取できていないのが現状であり、流通と消費の両サイドから十分量のミネラル強化野菜の周年安定供給が望まれている。

著者

Filip De Fruyt Jun Moriya Yusuke Takahashi

出版者

日本パーソナリティ心理学会

雑誌

パーソナリティ研究 (ISSN:13488406)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.23, no.3, pp.119-130, 2015-03-31 (Released:2015-04-04)

参考文献数

77

被引用文献数

1 2

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Developments in the assessment of general and maladaptive personality traits in children and adolescents have been reviewed in the present paper, with an emphasis on instruments based on the Five-Factor Model (FFM), such as the Hierarchical Personality Inventory for Children (HiPIC; Mervielde & De Fruyt, 1999), which describes general traits, and the Dimensional Personality Symptom Item Pool (DIPSI; De Clercq, De Fruyt, Van Leeuwen, & Mervielde, 2006), which accounts for maladaptive traits. We have additionally discussed measures available in Japanese, to assess traits in children, adolescents, and adults, and pertaining issues in cross-cultural personality research, especially with respect to Western and Asian differences. Finally, a number of key implementation areas for personality assessment have been identified, together with some challenges for this promising field of research.

著者

柴坂 敏郎 木曽田 雄星 白瀬 敬一

出版者

公益社団法人 精密工学会

雑誌

精密工学会学術講演会講演論文集

巻号頁・発行日

vol.2011, pp.263-264, 2011

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光学機器製造用の金型あるいはマイクロ溝/パターン加工などの微細形状加工において、表面にメッキを施し、メッキ層で要求精度、微細形状を得る場合がある。メッキ材料としては、無酸素銅、無電解Ni-Pなどが現在用いられているが、本研究では新たなめっき被膜材料について、単結晶ダイヤモンドによる超精密切削加工の可能性を報告する。

著者

Terazawa Shigenori Ng ka Shing

出版者

北海道大学文学研究科

雑誌

Journal of the Graduate School of Letters (ISSN:18808832)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.10, pp.59-70, 2015-03

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Religion and social stratification has been an important sociological topic since MaxWeber and Karl Marx. It continues to attract scholarly attention nowadays in the United States,giving rise to numerous empirical studies on their complex relationships. However, there is noor inadequate studies on the relations between religion and social stratification in societies that have very different cultural backgrounds compared to the U.S. This research note attempts to expand this sociological topic to non-Christian societies using Taiwan as a case study, where Christianity is not the dominant culture. It first offers a literature review of religion and social stratification in Taiwan, followed by a quantitative study based on a national survey, Taiwan Social Change Survey. Analysis is based on the data from the 2000, 2005, and 2010 dataset. This research note focuses on three important social stratification indicators, namely education level, occupation, and income, and their effects on religious affiliation. Changes in such relations over ten years are also studied. Our analysis has at least five significant findings: (1) respondents belonging to "Protestantism" and "No Religion" tend to be in the upper class. (2) Except for "Protestantism" and "No Religion," religious affiliation is affected by different social stratification indicators and such effect is particular strong for "Buddhism," "Taoism," and "Folk religion." While (3) "Catholics" have declining score in occupation and income level, (4) "Buddhists" are achieving higher status in occupation. (5) Education, occupation, and income level are increasing for "Yiguan Dao" practitioners.

著者

寺沢 重法

出版者

社会調査士資格認定機構

雑誌

社会と調査

巻号頁・発行日

vol.10, pp.121-121, 2013-03-30

著者

伍 嘉誠 寺沢 重法 NG Ka-Shing Terazawa Shigenori

出版者

「宗教と社会貢献」研究会

雑誌

宗教と社会貢献 (ISSN:21856869)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.5, no.1, pp.1-27, 2015-04

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Population ageing is advancing rapidly in Hong Kong. Between 1987 and 2013, the percentage of the population considered elderly rose from 7% to 14%, indicating that the city is joining the ranks of the ageing societies. As an important component of society, the role of religion in responding to the challenges of population ageing cannot be ignored. However, we lack sufficient empirical studies on the role of religion in enhancing the well-being of old people in Hong Kong and the mechanisms involved in such processes. Based on a case study of Yiguan Dao and interviews with 14 elder members, this paper argues that religion is an important key to the subjective well-being of elders. It suggests that Yiguan Dao can be an effective resource for coping with the fear of death, as well as providing divine protection, a sense of purpose, and opportunities for social participation for elderly members. This paper contributes to the studies of the relationship between religion and SWB, especially in Chinese societies.香港の高齢化率は1987 年から2013 年の間に7%から14%に上昇し、香港は高齢化時代に突入した。宗教が高齢化社会において果たす役割は無視できないが、香港の高齢者における、宗教と主観的ウェルビーイングの関連は十分に論じられていない。本稿では香港の一貫道の14 人の高齢信徒へのインタビュー調査からこのテーマを論じる。対象者の語りからは、一貫道は高齢信徒にとって1)死への恐れに対するコーピング機能、2)神仏による守護感覚、3)生き甲斐、4)社会参加の機会を提供する機能をもつ可能性が示唆された。この結果は、宗教とSWB、特に華人系宗教と華人社会における高齢者のSWB の研究に貢献するものである。

著者

寺沢 重法

出版者

藤女子大学

雑誌

藤女子大学人間生活学部紀要 (ISSN:21874689)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.52, pp.13-27, 2015-03-31

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Objective:To examine whether respondents majoring in natural science (rikei) in higher education(under graduate and graduate university) are non-religious. Methods: Data from the 2008 Japanese General Social Surveys (JGSS-2008) is analyzed. Dependent variables are 1)religious affiliation,2)devotion,and 3)confidence in religious organizations. Independent variable is whether respondents majoring in natural science (rikei)or human-social science (bunkei)in higher education. After cross-tabulation analyses,multinominal logit analyses and ordered logit analyses are conducted with the net effects of various socio-demographic and educational variables. Results: Respondents majoring in natural science are not significantly less religious than those who majored in human-social science in higher education, even though controlling various control variables. Conclusions: The widely accepted idea that those who majored in natural science in higher education are non-religious is partially rejected.

出版者

文部科学省

巻号頁・発行日

vol.平成15年度, 2004-03-26

著者

猪原 健弘

出版者

公益社団法人日本オペレーションズ・リサーチ学会

雑誌

オペレーションズ・リサーチ : 経営の科学 = [O]perations research as a management science [r]esearch (ISSN:00303674)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.58, no.4, pp.204-211, 2013-04-01

参考文献数

27

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コンフリクト解決のためのグラフモデル(GMCR: The Graph Model for Conflict Resolution)の枠組を扱う.GMCRの枠組の特徴である「状態変化の不可逆性」や「状態の実現可能性」の明示的な取り扱いについて,ゲーム理論の代表的モデルである標準形ゲームと比較しながら述べる.また,GMCRの「標準的な分析方法」と「提携分析の方法」で用いられる安定性概念を,それぞれ4つ紹介する.さらに,安定性概念の適用例や安定性概念間の相互関係についての基礎的な知見を紹介する.