著者
小田 智敏
出版者
日本哲学会
雑誌
哲学 (ISSN:03873358)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.2000, no.51, pp.230-239, 2000-05-01 (Released:2010-01-20)

エルンスト・ブロッホは、しばしば自著のなかで過去の著作からの引用を行なうが、その自己引用はギムナジウム在学中の少年時代の草稿にまで及ぶ。これは、ブロッホが自らの哲学の全体を、青年期に胚胎した思想の一貫した展開・成就と理解している証といえるだろう。この論文で私は、ブロッホの成熟期の著作を参照しつつ、彼の最初期の草稿や著作を検討することによって彼の思想の初発の動機を見定め、ブロッホ哲学の基本的骨格を明らかにしたい。
著者
Minoru Murayama
出版者
Kaifukuki Rehabilitation Ward Association
雑誌
Japanese Journal of Comprehensive Rehabilitation Science (ISSN:21855323)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.12, pp.32-37, 2021 (Released:2021-09-03)
参考文献数
7
被引用文献数
1

Murayama M. Effectiveness of a knee-ankle-foot orthosis with a knee extension aid in gait training for stroke patients. Jpn J Compr Rehabil Sci 2021; 12: 32-37.Objective: To evaluate the effectiveness of a kneeankle- foot orthosis (KAFO) with a newly developed knee extension aid in gait training for stroke patients with severe leg paralysis.Methods: The participants were 7 recovering stroke patients prescribed a KAFO. With the KAFO knee joint set to allow free flexion, knee flexion angle, lower limb muscle activity, and time of plantar ground contact were measured during assisted walking with the knee extension aid or a conventional support loop.Results: When first using the knee extension aid, knee flexion angle at initial ground contact was significantly decreased and time from heel strike on the paralyzed side to forefoot strike was prolonged compared with the support loop. After using the knee extension aid for 1 week, in addition to the two parameters above, maximum knee flexion angle during the swing phase, knee extension displacement from the maximum flexion angle to initial ground contact, and the muscle activity ratio of the biceps femoris during the swing phase were significantly increased compared with the support loop.Conclusion: This knee extension aid may be indicated for patients who have difficulty in initial heel strike due to excessive knee flexion at the end of the swing phase.
著者
久野 靖 和田 勉 中山 泰一 Yasushi Kuno Tsutomu Wada Yasuichi Nakayama
出版者
情報処理学会
雑誌
情報処理学会論文誌. 教育とコンピュータ = IPSJ transactions. TCE
巻号頁・発行日
vol.1, no.3, pp.48-61, 2015-06-19

情報および情報技術は現代社会の基盤となっており,社会の構成員がこれらの内容を身につけてから社会に出ることが重要となってきている.世界の多くの国がこのため,情報教育に注力してきているが,それらの内容とわが国の現状には隔たりがある.本稿では積極的な情報教育を進めている各国の状況を整理・分析し,そのうえでわが国の情報教育が目標とすべきことと,初等中等段階における情報教育の体系的なカリキュラムについて提案する.
著者
Yuta Nemoto Shinichiro Sato Yoshinori Kitabatake Noriko Takeda Kazushi Maruo Takashi Arao
出版者
Japan Epidemiological Association
雑誌
Journal of Epidemiology (ISSN:09175040)
巻号頁・発行日
pp.JE20210419, (Released:2022-05-14)
参考文献数
53
被引用文献数
4

Background: It has not been determined whether mentally active sedentary behavior (MASB) and passive sedentary behavior (PSB) differentially affect cognitive function and whether these associations differ according to physical activity (PA) level. We examined the comparative impacts of MASB and PSB on dementia onset and aimed to understand whether the associations differed by PA level.Methods: We conducted a 5-year longitudinal study involving all community-dwelling older adults in a rural area in Japan (n = 5,323). Dementia onset was examined using long-term care insurance data. PA was evaluated using the International Physical Activity Questionnaire and categorized as low (<2.5 metabolic equivalent of task [MET]-h/week), moderate (2.5–16.0 MET-h/week), or high (≥16.0 MET-h/week). We also assessed PSB (TV-watching time; <1 h/day, 1–3 h/day, ≥3 h/day) and MASB (Book-reading time; <10 min/day, 10–30 min/day, ≥30 min/day). To examine the associations of MASB and PSB with dementia onset, we performed the Fine-Gray models accounting for competing risk of death.Results: During the follow-up period, 606 (11.4%) participants developed dementia. MASB was independently associated with a lower risk of dementia; the magnitude of the impact was significant at higher PA levels. There was no association between PSB and developing dementia across all PA levels. Furthermore, dementia risk for individuals with high PA levels and moderate or high MASB levels was approximately 60% lower than those with low PA levels and low MASB.Conclusion: Providing interventions to promote MASB, which reduces dementia risk, and PA, which increases MASB’s effect on dementia incidence, can be beneficial in delaying or preventing dementia onset.
著者
有田 誠
出版者
日本脂質栄養学会
雑誌
脂質栄養学 (ISSN:13434594)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.26, no.1, pp.27-34, 2017 (Released:2017-05-21)
参考文献数
12
被引用文献数
1 1

Dietary supplementation of omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid(PUFA)includingeicosapentaenoic acid(EPA)and docosahexaenoic acid(DHA)is widely held to be beneficial in human health. Also, elevation in omega-3 PUFA levels in omega-3desaturase( fat-1)transgenic mice that endogenously biosynthesize omega-3 PUFA from omega-6 PUFA exhibits resistance to inflammatory disease models. To elucidate the molecular mechanisms underlying the beneficial effects of omega-3 PUFAs, we developed a comprehensive LC-MS/MS-based lipidomics method that can detect and quantify more than 500 of PUFA metabolites simultaneously. Using this lipidomics system, and genetically modified animals or nutritional control to manipulate fatty acid balance in the body, we try to understand how different balance of omega-3/omega-6 fatty acids and their unique metabolites function in vivo that could explain the biological significance of omega-3 PUFAs in controlling inflammation and related diseases.
著者
新井 武利 濱島 肇 笹津 備規
出版者
公益社団法人 日本化学療法学会
雑誌
日本化学療法学会雑誌 (ISSN:13407007)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.44, no.10, pp.786-791, 1996-10-25 (Released:2011-08-04)
参考文献数
16

黄色ブドウ球菌Staphylococcus aureus FDA 209Pに対するリノール酸, オレイン酸, 局方ツバキ油, 精製ツバキ油, オリーブ油, 精製ホホバオイル, スクワランおよび流動パラフィンの増殖抑制作用を検討した。これらの試料を培地に加え80μg/mlにしたものを標準液としてさらに培地を加え, 二段階希釈系列を作製した。一夜培養後の菌液を1.0×107cfu/mlになるようそれぞれに加えた。光学的に菌の増殖を測定し, 試料による増殖抑制作用を測定した。その結果, リノール酸, オレイン酸および局方ツバキ油には強い増殖抑制作用が認められた。精製ツバキ油とオリーブ油には比較的弱い増殖抑制作用があった。精製ツバキ油の50%阻止率 (ID 50) を脂肪酸および他の植物油脂のID50と比較した。ID50の比較により精製ツバキ油にはオリーブ油よりも強い増殖抑制作用があることが明らかになった。精製ホホバオイル, スクワランおよび流動パラフィンは測定した濃度では増殖抑制は認められなかった。精製ツバキ油とオリーブ油はアトピー性皮膚炎の皮膚病変部のスキンケアに有用であろう。
著者
荒川 詠美 三井 一希 佐藤 和紀
出版者
一般社団法人 日本教育工学会
雑誌
日本教育工学会論文誌 (ISSN:13498290)
巻号頁・発行日
pp.S45066, (Released:2021-11-15)
参考文献数
10

本研究は,小学校高学年を対象に,複数の情報の読み取りが必要な調査問題を作成し,(1)正答率(2)問題や資料等を読む順序(3)新聞やフィクションを含む読書頻度について調査を行い,正答率と読む順序の関係性と,正答率と読書頻度の関係性の検討を行なった.その結果,(1)正答率と手順の比較では,正答の児童と誤答の児童の読む手順に大きな差はみられないこと,(2)出題した3問全てで正答の児童の方がフィクションを月に数回程度読んでおり,誤答の児童よりも読書頻度が有意に高かったことが示唆された.正誤による読む順序に大きな違いはないがフィクションの読書頻度が異なり,読み方に特徴があると示唆された.

4 0 0 0 星學捷徑

著者
関藤成緒訳
出版者
文部省
巻号頁・発行日
1874
著者
奥井 正俊
出版者
日本地理教育学会
雑誌
新地理 (ISSN:05598362)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.36, no.3, pp.30-38, 1988-12-25 (Released:2010-04-30)
被引用文献数
2

The present paper attempts to clarify the diffusion process of automobiles which had appeared on the Japanese road traffic as modern transport facility, during the Taisho and the pre-war Showa periods (1912-1937). Main findings are summarized as follows:In Japan there were only 535 automobiles in 1912. The number of automobiles had gradually increased since then (Fig. 1). Particularly since automobiles showed great convenience at the reconstruction works just after the severe earthquake hitting the Kanto district in 1923, the number of automobiles had increased remarkably and counted 128, 735 at its maximum in 1937. Throughout the study period, most of automobiles were used for business, that is for both the bus enterprise and the trucking. Because prices of automobiles and their related costs exceeded the Japanese living standard in those days, private automobiles were very few. Also throughout the period, most of automobiles were imported articles from the Western countries, especialiy from the United States.The number of automobiles per ten thousand population was calculated for each prefecture for the year's 1915, 1920, 1925, 1930 and 1935. Subsequently distribution maps were drawn (Fig. 3). On the whole automobiles spread from the most urbanized areas containing large cities, i. e. Tokyo, Kanagawa, Kyoto, Osaka and Hyogo prefectures to the urbanized areas and then to the rural areas. The propagation of automobiles on the nation-wide scale arrived latest at some of the Tohoku district and Hokkaido, where the propagation began over ten years later than Tokyo, the most advanced area. By using correlation analyses between such time lag variable and the selected explanatory variables, the author founds that areal variation of the time lag resulted from various industrial structures, road conditions and income level of areas and so on. Thus the author could be concluded that the automotive diffusion in those days described some parts in Japanese modernization process spatially and temporally.
著者
山本 由華吏 白川 修一郎 永嶋 義直 大須 弘之 東條 聡 鈴木 めぐみ 矢田 幸博 鈴木 敏幸
出版者
日本生理人類学会
雑誌
日本生理人類学会誌 (ISSN:13423215)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.8, no.2, pp.69-73, 2003-05-25 (Released:2017-07-28)
参考文献数
21
被引用文献数
6

We investigated the effects of cedrol, which is a sesquiterpene alcohol contained in cedarwood oil, on sleep using overnight polysomnography. This study included 11 healthy females (24.5±2.1 years). Days 1 and 2 were regarded as adaptation nights. Days 3 to 6 (4 days) were regarded as experimental nights. As the experimental condition, cedrol was volatilized for 4 hours starting from 2 hours before lights were turned off. No odor was given during the placebo condition. Each condition was performed for 2 consecutive days, in reverse order. Sleep time increased and sleep latency shortened in the presence of cedrol compared to those of sleep with placebo (p<0.05). Furthermore, sleep efficiency slightly increased in the presence of cedrol (p<0.10). Cedrol inhibited the excitement of the sympathetic nervous system and made the parasympathetic nervous system dominant, which may have made it easy to fall asleep.