著者

滝田英二 著

出版者

滝田英二

巻号頁・発行日

1965

著者

松本 孝朗

出版者

一般社団法人日本体力医学会

雑誌

体力科学 (ISSN:0039906X)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.64, no.1, pp.5-6, 2015 (Released:2015-01-25)

被引用文献数

1 1

著者

吉見 宏

出版者

北海道大学經濟學部

雑誌

經濟學研究 (ISSN:04516265)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.47, no.1, pp.96-112, 1997-06

著者

中澤 篤史

出版者

一般社団法人 日本体育・スポーツ・健康学会

雑誌

体育学研究 (ISSN:04846710)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.66, pp.497-514, 2021 (Released:2021-08-11)

参考文献数

49

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The aim of this study is to describe the history of the Junior High School Physical Culture Association (JHSPCA) based on reexamination of the relationship between education and competition in school sports. Previous studies have maintained that there was a conflict between education and competition in school sports, and that the potential educational effects of sports were impeded by its competitive focus. However, it is assumed that the JHSPCA held competitive championships under the guise of educational activity. To fully understand the historical development of school sports we should instead reexamine whether the educational aspect of school sports is actually combined with its competitive one. This reorientation of perspective would then allow for new research questions, such as how the JHSPCA was formed and developed, and how and why it combined education and competition in school sports. The present study attempts to answer these questions, which previous studies have not, by analyzing documents gathered from official annual reports of the JHSPCA. The study produced a number of findings. Beginning in 1947 with the establishment of the postwar junior high school system, the JHSPCA first developed at the prefectural level. Initially the association was formed by PE teachers under the influence of the Ministry of Education, while also accepting the assistance of the Association of Junior High School Principals, local boards of education, and select sports federations. In 1955, the national level of the JHSPCA was initially formed in order to control the games and matches of junior high school athletes and as a counter organization to sports federations. Crucially, the JHSPCA differed from sports federations in that it was specifically driven by educational ideals. Yet, even with such an organization principle, it encouraged games and even matches under the name of educational activities. At that time, some prefectures did not have local JHSPCA branches; however, by 1967 all prefectures had designated branches and the association finally became a national organization. In conclusion, this study has clarified that the JHSPCA had to compete against sports federations and thus included a system of competitive championships within the ethos of school sports. By continuing to combine education and competition in school sports, it was possible to utilize competitive championships for the realization educational ideals. The present findings suggest that there is the possibility of modifying the prior consensus that education is opposite to competition in school sports in Japan.

著者

古関 一則 吉川 憲一 前沢 孝之 浅川 育世 水上 昌文

出版者

一般社団法人日本理学療法学会連合

雑誌

理学療法学 (ISSN:02893770)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.42, no.3, pp.271-279, 2015-06-20 (Released:2017-06-09)

被引用文献数

1

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【目的】リハビリテーション病院(以下,リハ病院)入院時点の身体状況から,脊髄不全損傷者の歩行獲得に影響を及ぼす因子および予後予測のアルゴリズムを明らかにすること。【方法】脊髄損傷者87名を対象に診療録より後方視的に調査した。調査項目は入院時の基本情報,神経学的情報,動作能力等を含む14項目とし,退院時の歩行自立度を従属変数としたロジスティック回帰分析を行った。【結果】自立歩行獲得にはASIA Impairment Scale・寝返り・Functional Independence Measure認知合計・Walking Index for Spinal Cord Injury IIが,屋外歩行獲得には受傷年齢・立位が予測因子として挙げられた。【結論】リハ病院において使用可能な客観的予後予測の指標を作成できたことは,計画的かつ効率のよい介入内容の選択や目標の統一を図るうえで大きな意義がある。

著者

佐藤 広大

出版者

The Philosophy of Science Society, Japan

雑誌

科学哲学 (ISSN:02893428)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.53, no.1, pp.43-53, 2020-09-30 (Released:2020-09-30)

参考文献数

15

被引用文献数

1

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The buck-passing accounts of values, which analyze values in terms of reasons, have lately attracted attention. There are thought to be counterexamples, such as the toxin puzzle, to the buck-passing accounts. However, it is a question whether the toxin puzzle is really a counterexample to this account. This paper shows that if two theses, namely the strong relationship between normative and motivating reasons and the guise of the good, are true, the toxin puzzle is not a counterexample to this account. It follows from this that in discussions of counterexamples to the buck-passing accounts the meanings of “reasons” and “values” need to be made explicit.

著者

熊谷 愛未

出版者

跡見学園女子大学

雑誌

コミュニケーション文化 = COMUNICATION IN CULTURE (ISSN:18818374)

巻号頁・発行日

no.8, pp.185-202, 2014-03

著者

小川 敦

出版者

社会言語科学会

雑誌

社会言語科学 (ISSN:13443909)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.25, no.2, pp.68-71, 2023-03-31 (Released:2023-04-08)

参考文献数

7

著者

牧野富太郎 著

出版者

桜井書店

巻号頁・発行日

1943

著者

浜下 昌宏 Masahiro HAMASHITA

雑誌

女性学評論 = Women's studies forum

巻号頁・発行日

vol.12, pp.127-148, 1998-03

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The story of "Dojoji"can be traced back to about one thousand years ago. At first it must have been only a legend, then a Buddhist priest adopted it in a collection of stories for Buddhism teachings. Even at this stage, there have been discovered several versions of the story different from one another in detailed descriptions, e.g. descriptions of the heroine. Handed down from generation to generation, it now has many versions in Noh and Kabuki. Thus,as a genre of artworks, the story has varied in many ways, and we generally know it as the love romance of "Anchin and Kiyohime." In this paper, I firstly show the genealogy of the story of "Dojoji" from legend to artistic forms of work, and analyse motifs inherent in the story such as the serpent, the metamorphosis, the woman and the monk, the Kumano region, the strong passion of the woman for love, flight and chase, and the bell of the Dojoji temple. Then, I emphasise the horrible elements in the story such as the atmosphere of the dark Kumano mountain forest, the mystic custom of worship of Gods of Kumano by pilgrimage, the sudden courting from a woman of the lodging on the way, unbelievable rage of the woman against the young priest for his "treachery,"the terrific figure of the serpent, the decisive pursuit by the woman to the end, and the killing of the man by burning and melting the bel. Finally, I inspect the various metamorphoses of the woman by examining the development of the legend into artistic forms of art, minute descriptions of the heroine and also a performance by an actor, in particular, that of Kabuki. By playing the role of the woman, an actor can show many facets of the character of a woman, typically embodied in the lady in the story of "Dojoji."

著者

上野 加代子

出版者

一般社団法人 日本家政学会家族関係学部会

雑誌

家族関係学 (ISSN:09154752)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.39, pp.5-13, 2020 (Released:2021-01-21)

参考文献数

25

著者

妻木 進吾

出版者

社会学研究会

雑誌

ソシオロジ (ISSN:05841380)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.48, no.1, pp.21-37,173, 2003-05-31 (Released:2016-05-25)

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Recently, the Japanese authorities have been enforcing measures to support the societal reinsertion of Nojukusha (Japanese outdoor sleepers). "Support center" programs attempt to get them out of homelessness by giving them access to jobs or social welfare support, and giving them an "appropriate" place in Japanese society. These measures clearly show the existence of Nojukusha who reject this program and remain on the street. They are categorized as "people who refuse a decent civic life," and they become the targets of pressure and exclusion. If their "preference" is reasonable for them, what is the logic that sustains this choice? This paper attempts to examine the logic of their "preference. " For this purpose, I rely on the theory of "life structure" and adjust it to grasp Nojukusha street life. Based on survey data, I describe the process and state of Nojukusha street life. This data consists of survey data for 672 Nojukusha and life history data for 722 Nojukusha. I conclude that Nojukusha "preference" means "resistance" because their life structure is patterned both by the necessity to survive in the street and by an ethic: "we should live our lives by working for ourselves." Nojukusha, who have been excluded from the labor market, find that it is impossible for them to get away from homelessness by getting a job. For them, the support center program offered by the authorities means a whole life depending on social welfare services. The street life, then, is the only one they can choose to conform themselves to their ethic. It is then the only reasonable preference. This paper leads to a paradoxical conclusion. The "preference" for homeless life tends to be regarded as deviance from public opinion and the actions of "normal" citizens. However Nojukusha life is based on their own values.

著者

森本 和滋

出版者

日本薬史学会

雑誌

薬史学雑誌 (ISSN:02852314)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.52, no.1, pp.21-29, 2017 (Released:2020-08-09)

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Frances Oldham was born on July 24, 1914 in the town of Cobble Hill on Vancouver Island, British Columbia, Canada. She passed away on August 7, 2015 at the age of 101. Frances attended Leinster Preparatory School in Shawnigan Lake and graduated at the age of 15. She then attended Victoria College and McGill University in Montreal, Canada, earning a Master's Degree in Science in 1935. In March 1936, Dr. Geiling opened a new laboratory of in the Pharmacology Department at the University of Chicago, USA, and Frances was fortunately accepted, creating her path to PhD studies. In September 1937, the sulfanilamide elixir tragedy involving the excipient diethylene glycol (DEG) occurred in the US, leading to 105 deaths. Dr. Geiling’s laboratory participated in the safety animal study, which involved the use of rats given DEG. Frances thought that, if by carefully work such animal studies, future tragedies could be avoided. In 1938, Frances earned a PhD with a thesis featuring the anatomy and pharmacology of the posterior pituitary gland of the nine-banded armadillo. In 1941, she started a new project entitled, The influence of pregnancy on the quinine oxidase of rabbit liver, which was carried out jointly with Dr. Fremont Ellis Kelsey. In 1943, the study was published in the Journal of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, and Frances married Fremont the same year. In 1946, Frances entered a medical school at the University of Chicago and graduated in 1950.She moved to South Dakota with her husband with two daughters in 1952, and started her internship in early 1953 at the Sacred Heart Hospital at Yankton. In August 1960, De. Frances Kelsey was appointed the newest medical officer of the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA). On September 12 of the same year, William S. Merrel Company submitted a new drug application (NDA) for thalidomide to the US FDA. As a medical officer, Frances had the primary responsibility for evaluating the clinical reports submitted with the NDA, with particular emphasis on safety. Her steadfast refusal to approve the application saved the lives of thousands of US babies. In 1962, President John F. Kennedy presented Dr. Frances Kelsey with an award for Distinguished Federal Civilian Service for preventing thalidomide from being marketed in the US. In September 2010, the FDA honored her with an award named for her, and a promise from FDA Commissioner Margaret A. Hamburg, MD, that the agency will carry on Kelsey’s commitment to science and integrity. Beginning in 2010, some ethics education of training materials began being used to build a sense of mission and responsibility among Japanese pharmacy and medical students. Lessons learned from the lifetime of Dr. Frances Kelsey have received strong feedback from freshmen and sophomores taking related courses.

著者

川崎 勝

出版者

慶應義塾福沢研究センター

雑誌

近代日本研究 (ISSN:09114181)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.33, pp.163-200, 2016

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論説はじめにI 従来の研究からII 板垣洋行への水面下での動きIII 「馬場辰猪日記」よりIV 板垣の資金おわりに

著者

山本 清

出版者

独立行政法人 大学改革支援・学位授与機構

雑誌

大学改革・学位研究 (ISSN:27583708)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.24, pp.13-28, 2023-03-01 (Released:2023-03-31)

参考文献数

20

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国は国立大学の改革として法人化以降,財政制約の下,重点支援による類型化,成果志向の運営費交付金配分や指定国立大学法人制度の導入,さらには複数の大学を擁する国立大学機構の創設などを実施してきた。これらの動きは,制度論では,政府論理,ビジネス論理及びアカデミック論理を国立大学法人の組織論理に適用するものと理解できる。特に,ビジネス論理が政府論理に支えられる形式で法人のガバナンスや経営に適用されるようになり,3つの組織原理が相互に補完・依存する関係になっておりハイブリッド化が進んでいる。大学ファンドによる国際卓越研究大学も国の財政負担を少なくして基金を創設して運用益を支援するものであり,ビジネス論理による政府論理の適用であり,アカデミックの活動を改善しようとする。しかしながら,3つの組織論理は競合するものであり,より個別化を推進する方策が成功するか検証することが必要である。

著者

大塚 宜一

出版者

順天堂医学会

雑誌

順天堂醫事雑誌 (ISSN:21879737)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.60, no.1, pp.2-7, 2014 (Released:2014-07-31)

参考文献数

12

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特定の食物を食べることで繰り返す湿疹,咳,腹痛,下痢,下血,体重増加不良等の症状をきたす疾患が食物アレルギーである.食物アレルギーは「免疫反応」を介して生じる.人体に対して有害な細菌やウイルスを異物と認識して排除する反応が「免疫反応」だが,生体に必要な特定の食物を誤って異物と認識して「免疫反応」が誘導されることが食物アレルギーである.口から摂取された食物すなわち蛋白質は腸に入り消化酵素により消化・分解される.通常,蛋白質がアミノ酸まで消化されればアレルギー反応は生じない.しかし,十分に消化されない蛋白質(ペプチド)は食物アレルギーの原因抗原となる.特に,離乳食を食べている乳幼児は消化機能が未熟で,食物をアミノ酸まで完全に消化できないことも多く,その結果,アレルギー反応が生じやすいと考えられる.一方,ヒトには,口から摂取した食物に対してアレルギー反応を起こさないようにする「寛容」と呼ばれる機能がある.特に,乳児期の免疫機能は,寛容を誘導しやすいと考えられる.乳児期の消化機能の未熟性は,食物に対する寛容を誘導するための自然の仕組みとも考えられる.アレルギーの予防という観点からは,食物負荷試験により重篤なアレルギー症状が出ないと確認されている食物であれば,少量から積極的に食べることで寛容を誘導することができる(経口免疫寛容).また,卵白は20分程度加熱することで,牛乳はオーブンで加熱することで抗原性が抑えられることが報告されている.アナフィラキシーショックを呈することもあり,注意が必要であるが,医師の管理のもと,より安全な食べ方を見つけ,継続して食べることが食物アレルギーの治療となる.

著者

太田 公規

出版者

公益社団法人 日本薬学会

雑誌

ファルマシア (ISSN:00148601)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.59, no.8, pp.792_1, 2023 (Released:2023-08-01)

著者

小原 正美 日野 哲雄

出版者

The Society of Synthetic Organic Chemistry, Japan

雑誌

有機合成化学協会誌 (ISSN:00379980)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.20, no.7, pp.676-687, 1962-07-01 (Released:2010-06-28)

参考文献数

53

著者

三浦 勝浩

出版者

日本大学医学会

雑誌

日大医学雑誌 (ISSN:00290424)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.77, no.5, pp.299-301, 2018-10-01 (Released:2018-12-01)

参考文献数

7

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近年認知症をもつ高齢患者が急増しており社会 問題となっている.しかし一部の認知症患者においては, 特定の疾患が正しく診断された場合に有効な治療を受け ることができる.なかでもコバラミン(ビタミン B12) 欠乏はその様な「治療可能な認知症」として最も重要か つ高頻度の疾患の一つである.そこで本稿ではコバラミ ン欠乏による巨赤芽球性貧血に加え,貧血症状に乏しい 潜在性のコバラミン欠乏症についてもやや詳細に記載し, またそれら以外の血液疾患について治療可能な認知症を ひきおこすものについて概説をする.

著者

牧尾 理 小栗 諒子 桑水流 理 宮本 久喜三

出版者

一般社団法人 日本機械学会

雑誌

北陸信越支部総会・講演会 講演論文集 2012.49 (ISSN:24242772)

巻号頁・発行日

pp.110201-110202, 2012-03-01 (Released:2017-06-19)

被引用文献数

1 2