著者

三浦 克之 菊川 友子 中尾 隆文 東海 秀吉 泉 康雄 藤井 比佐子 北條 泰輔

出版者

Osaka Urban Living and Health Association

雑誌

生活衛生 (ISSN:05824176)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.55, no.1, pp.59-64, 2011-03-10 (Released:2011-03-18)

参考文献数

13

被引用文献数

1

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In order to assess the safety of electronic cigarettes, 32 smokers who consume more than 20 tobacco cigarettes daily were enrolled in the present study. The cartridge of an electronic cigarette contains 0.25 g of glycerin aqueous solution. Each participant was asked to consume one filter cartridge per day (more than 150 puffs per day) for 4 weeks. Following the treatment, no abnormal changes in blood pressure, hematological data, or blood chemistry and no severe adverse events were observed. Although a trace amount of acrolein was detected in the vapor collected from a single filter cartridge, it was less than the minimum amount in the mainstream smoke from a single tobacco cigarette. During the use of the electronic cigarette, the daily consumption of tobacco cigarettes decreased significantly. This electronic cigarette containing glycerin aqueous solution may be a safe alternative to cigarette smoking.

著者

田中 武一

出版者

公益社団法人 日本理学療法士協会

雑誌

理学療法学Supplement Vol.34 Suppl. No.2 (第42回日本理学療法学術大会 抄録集)

巻号頁・発行日

pp.A0627, 2007 (Released:2007-05-09)

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【目的】ストレッチングの効果や生理学的な検討は様々な観点で研究されている。その中で可動域の変化を指標とした報告は多いが、そのほとんどが強度を明記していないことが多く、痛みを伴わない程度など主観的に設定している。また、ストレッチングは伸張痛を出現させないのが一般的であると言われているが、伸張痛を伴う強度でのストレッチングでも可動域の向上を認めるという報告もあり一貫していない。そこで本研究では、膝関節伸展位での股関節屈曲(SLR)ストレッチングにおけるハムストリングの筋活動電位(いわゆる防御性収縮)を定量化し、ストレッチング効果を検討することによって、筋活動電位の度合いが客観的な強度として使用できるかを明らかにすることを目的とした。【対象と方法】本研究に同意を得た健常男性10人(平均年齢29.2±4.7歳)を対象とし、測定姿位は背臥位とした。等尺性最大股関節伸展筋力を100%MVCとし、ストレッチングにおける筋活動電位は100%MVCに対する割合で定量化した。SLR角度は2.5%MVCの筋活動電位を認めた時点とし、ストレッチング前後で三回ずつ測定した。ストレッチングとSLR角度測定はBIODEXsystem3(酒井医療)を用いて、等速運動モードで設定速度2°/secにて実施し、ストレッチングは3セット行った。対象群はストレッチングをしない群(C群)、2.5%MVCの強度で20秒ストレッチングする群(S1群)、5.0%MVCの強度で20秒ストレッチングする群(S2群)の3群とし、各群はランダムに日を変えて行った。なお、S1群とS2群ではストレッチング中の伸張痛をVAS変法を用いて評価した。表面筋電図はMyoResearch(酒井医療)を用い、電極設置部位は半腱様筋の遠位1/3とした。統計学的検討には、対応のあるt検定、分散分析、多重比較を用いた。【結果】各群の平均変化率は、C群102.2±3.8%、S1群111.0±5.2%、S2群120.2±11.9%であり、ストレッチングの前後の角度は各群とも有意に増加した。また各群間の多重比較では、C群よりS1群が、C群よりS2群が、S1群よりS2群が有意に増加した。VASはS1群6.8±1.5よりS2群8.1±1.7の方が有意に増加した。【考察】一般的にストレッチングは伸張反射が起こらない痛みのない範囲で行うと言われている。しかしS1群よりS2群に有意な可動域改善を認めたことから、ゆっくりとした速度で5.0%MVCまでの強度であれば、伸張痛を伴ってもより強いストレッチングの方が効果的であることが示唆された。これは、SLRの可動性制限因子が主にハムストリングスだけであることに加え、防御的な筋収縮が起こることでより張力が増し、Ib群線維による自原抑制を助長したのではないかと考えられる。 今回の結果により、ストレッチングに対する客観的な強度設定として、ストレッチングにおける筋活動電位を指標とすることの有用性は示唆されたが、短期的な効果であり、その後の筋の弾力性の評価や長期的経過を今後検討していく必要がある。

著者

山本 英司

出版者

経済理論学会

雑誌

季刊経済理論 (ISSN:18825184)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.47, no.4, pp.42-52, 2011-01-20 (Released:2017-04-25)

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This article reargues my book, Kalecki's Politic l Economy, which was published in 2009 and a revised version of my doctoral dissertation submitted to Kyoto University in 2003. The book was reviewed at two academic meetings and two book reviews were published. Replying to them, this article summarizes the gist of my book and corrects some errors if necessary. My book consists of eight chapters. Apart from chapter 1 of "introduction of Kalecki," it may be divided into three parts: Kalecki's studies in capitalist economies, Kalecki's comparative economic studies, and Kalecki as a "Marxist." First, this article examines Kalecki's biographical problems. Kalecki's life may be divided into three parts: from his birth in 1899 until his leaving Poland in 1936, his exile days until his returning home in late 1954 or early 1955, and the rest of his life until his death in 1970. Although my book mainly used Kalecki's chronological personal history by Osiatynski in Collected Works of Michal Kalecki, it has been found not to be necessarily correct. So this article describes the true story as possible. Second, this article examines Kalecki's studies in capitalist economies, focusing Essay on the Business Cycle Theory (1933) in particular. Essay is very famous as the evidence of Kalecki's priority over Keynes's General Theory (1936). But it was written in Polish, and has been known through a shortened English version, which has led to rather limited understanding of the work. The publication of the English version of Collected Works of Michal Kalecki enabled the detailed examination of the full version of Essay. Here is the result. Third, this article examines Kalecki's comparative economic studies. Kalecki studied socialist and developing economies as well as capitalist economies. This article presents a perspective from which those three economic systems should be viewd. In addition to that, Kalecki's version of "the presuppositions of Harvey Road" is mentioned. Forth, this article examines Kalecki as a "Marxist." Although a lot of comparative studies on him with Keynes have been presented, ones with Marx were relatively rare. Kalecki had never been a member of the communist party, nor an orthodox and dogmatic Marxist. Nevertheless, this article tries to describe Kalecki as a Marxist in a sense, and claims that his interpretation of historical materialism enabled his non-dogmatic and realistic analysis of the transformation of capitalism. Finally, remaining themes are considered. I am going to pay attention to Post-Keynesian ecoomics, especially Kaleckian macroeconomics. I must admit that application to modern economy should not be forgotten.

著者

田島 典夫 畑中 美穂 青木 瑠里 井上 保介

出版者

一般社団法人 日本臨床救急医学会

雑誌

日本臨床救急医学会雑誌 (ISSN:13450581)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.22, no.3, pp.442-448, 2019-06-30 (Released:2019-06-30)

参考文献数

11

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本研究では,高齢者福祉施設職員を対象にBLS(basic life support;BLS)に伴うストレス反応を調査し,ストレス反応およびその後の救助意欲を規定する要因を検討した。A市内の全高齢者福祉施設職員に対して悉皆調査を行い,利用者の心停止現場に遭遇した経験をもつ360名を分析対象としたところ,約9割から何らかのストレス反応が回答された。BLS経験後のストレス反応の規定因を重回帰分析によって検討した結果,BLSの手技に関する不安と非救命例でのBLS実施事案がストレス反応を規定していた。また,BLS経験後の救命に対する態度の規定因をロジスティック回帰分析によって検討した結果,BLSへの関与人数が2人以下の場合,また,BLS後のストレス反応が重い場合ほど,その後の救助意欲が消極的になることが示された。これらの結果を踏まえ,バイスタンダーのストレス対策の重要性が議論された。

著者

司会:武田 憲昭 演者:曾根 三千彦 北原 糺

出版者

一般社団法人 日本耳鼻咽喉科学会

雑誌

日本耳鼻咽喉科学会会報 (ISSN:00306622)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.121, no.4, pp.443-446, 2018-04-20 (Released:2018-05-16)

著者

小林 謙 五十嵐 岳史

出版者

一般社団法人 日本めまい平衡医学会

雑誌

Equilibrium Research (ISSN:03855716)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.67, no.2, pp.108-114, 2008 (Released:2008-05-29)

参考文献数

15

被引用文献数

5 3

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We performed a demographic analysis of 2293 vertiginous patients seen at our clinic from February 1995 to November 2005. While a definitive diagnosis could be made in 1287 cases (56%), the diagnosis remained tentative in 622 (27%), and the cause diagnosis remained unknown in 384 cases (17%). The most common vertiginous disease was benign paroxysmal positional vertigo (456 cases), followed in prevalence by Meniere's disease (232 cases). Most patients had visited other medical facilities before visiting our clinic. Analysis of the medical facilities visited by the patients suggested that the vertiginous patients visited both physicians and otolaryngologists; while. physicians saw the patients in primary care settings, otolaryngologists examined the patients at general hospitals and university hospitals. This discrepancy may complicate the care of vertiginous patients.

著者

伊野 陽子 上野 杏莉 舘 知也 大坪 愛実 勝野 隼人 杉田 郁人 兼松 勇汰 吉田 阿希 野口 義紘 堺 千紘 井口 和弘 川上 ちひろ 藤崎 和彦 寺町 ひとみ

出版者

一般社団法人日本医療薬学会

雑誌

医療薬学 (ISSN:1346342X)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.43, no.10, pp.533-551, 2017-10-10 (Released:2018-10-10)

参考文献数

6

被引用文献数

1

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In recent years, multi-occupational collaboration aiming at patient-centered care is required to provide high-quality medical care. However, there are few studies on collaboration between hospitals or clinics and community pharmacies. In this study, we conducted a questionnaire survey to clarify the present conditions and awareness of hospitals or clinics in Gifu City regarding collaboration with community pharmacies. The following activities with community pharmacies were examined in the survey: “I. Participation in regional care meetings,” “II. Case discussion conferences,” “III. Workshops/study conferences,” “IV. Community service,” “V. Sharing information through medical cooperation network,” “VI. Accompanying community pharmacists at home medical care” and future plans for these items. The percentage of non-implementation was 80% or more in Items I, IV and IV in the hospital and 80% or more in items other than III in the clinics. The percentage of respondents who were not planning to implement Item VI was over 70% in the hospital, and the percentage of respondents who were not planning to implement Items I, IV, VI was over 70% in the clinic. In the comparison between the hospital and the clinic, the proportion of current collaboration is significantly higher for II and III in the hospital. For collaboration in the future, the proportion of respondents who were planning to implement these items other than VI was significantly higher in the hospital. Many hospitals and clinics currently do not collaborate with community pharmacies. And more hospitals are considering collaboration with community pharmacies than clinics.

著者

萬 秀憲 久保 裕一郎 江口 泰輝 河本 知二 砂川 満 古元 嘉昭

出版者

一般社団法人 日本温泉気候物理医学会

雑誌

日本温泉気候物理医学会雑誌 (ISSN:00290343)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.47, no.3-4, pp.130-136, 1984 (Released:2010-08-06)

参考文献数

2

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Increase in dermal blood flow by the artificial CO2-bathing was confirmed by means of a Thermocouple flow meter and by a Laser doppler velocimeter.The artificial CO2-bath was prepared with 50g tablet, made from sodium bicarbonate and succinic acid, putting simply in plain water at 38°C.Dermal blood flow was increased nearly 5-fold by the simple bathing, and was further enhanced 1.3-fold by the artificial CO2-bathing.It has been definitely shown by the artificial CO2-bathing that an increase in oral, finger tip, and forehead temperature and transepidermal water loss is significant compared to the plain bathing, so that the thermal effect equivalent to carbon-dioxated spring will be obtained.

著者

親松 隆浩 佐藤 透 赤瀬 朋秀

出版者

一般社団法人 日本医療経営学会

雑誌

日本医療経営学会誌 (ISSN:18837905)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.13, no.1, pp.19-27, 2019 (Released:2019-09-13)

参考文献数

16

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In hospital management, it is no secret that pharmaceuticals are second only to personnel costs when it comes to the highest expense items among medical costs and that the streamlining of pharmaceutical expenses is one of the major issues in hospital management. However, price negotiation for pharmaceutical supplies is generally made on the basis of the purchasing manager's experience and past purchase data, and there has been little by way of established, standard methods of calculating the prices of pharmaceutical supplies. In this study, we proposed to the pharmaceutical wholesalers trading with our hospital to review the delivery frequency and delivery method with a view to reducing their selling, general, and administrative costs (SG&A) and verified the reduction effect. The results showed a reduction effect of approximately 30 percent in their SG&A, and by negotiating the prices on the basis of these figures, we were able to establish supply prices beneficial to both parties. It is considered that there is a good chance of realizing higher efficiency of overall distribution and supply price optimization in other regions as well by applying the same method.

出版者

宝石学会(日本)

雑誌

宝石学会誌 (ISSN:03855090)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.30, no.1-4, pp.11-22, 2013-10-31 (Released:2017-01-16)

著者

千葉 涼

出版者

日本マス・コミュニケーション学会

雑誌

マス・コミュニケーション研究 (ISSN:13411306)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.95, pp.27-40, 2019-07-31 (Released:2019-10-25)

参考文献数

23

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In content analysis, which is defined as a scientific method for objectivelyanalyzing messages in communication, there are various rules that must beadhered to―similar to the methods in other social sciences. In this article, theauthor focuses on whether reliability tests are carried out and verifies the currentstatus of content analysis in Journal of Mass Communication Studies. As aresult, the author found that the reliability tests required in content analysiswere not sufficiently carried out, and that stricter adherence to the rules wasnecessary. Furthermore, when considering the proliferation of data analysis utilizingcomputers with higher reproducibility, it becomes difficult to define contentanalysis as only a quantitative and empirical method. Because of this, therewill be a need in the future to consider the tradeoff between reliability andvalidity, which is an issue in content analysis, in order to establish a new rolefor it as a method for achieving a balance between the two.

著者

Hayato Tanaka Susumu Ohtsuka

出版者

The Japanese Society of Systematic Zoology

雑誌

Species Diversity (ISSN:13421670)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.24, no.2, pp.217-228, 2019-10-25 (Released:2019-10-25)

参考文献数

35

被引用文献数

1

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In the present study, we describe two new marine species, Microloxoconcha toyoshioae n. sp. and M. sublittoralis n. sp., collected from the sandy bottom in the western part of Japan, from the depths of approximately 20 to 30 m and 50 m, respectively. This represents the first record of this genus from such depths, since all 10 previously described species are known from the beach interstitial waters. We suspect the two new species are most probably also inhabiting spaces between sand grains since they have very small body and have been collected with other common interstitial ostracods belonging to Cobanocythere Hartmann, 1959; Parvocythere Hartmann, 1959; Paracobanocythere Gottwald, 1983; Parapolycope Klie, 1936; and Psammocythere Klie, 1936. Owing to their small body and fragile carapace, previous studies might have overlooked the existence of interstitial ostracods from habitats other than beach interstitial. In addition, a key to all species of the genus Microloxoconcha is provided.

著者

Shinichi Kuriyama Naoki Nakaya Kaori Ohmori-Matsuda Taichi Shimazu Nobutaka Kikuchi Masako Kakizaki Toshimasa Sone Fumi Sato Masato Nagai Yumi Sugawara Yasutake Tomata Munira Akhter Mizuka Higashiguchi Naru Fukuchi Hideko Takahashi Atsushi Hozawa Ichiro Tsuji

出版者

Japan Epidemiological Association

雑誌

Journal of Epidemiology (ISSN:09175040)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.20, no.3, pp.253-258, 2010-05-05 (Released:2010-05-05)

参考文献数

27

被引用文献数

38 62

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Background: Large-scale cohort studies conducted in Japan do not always include psychosocial factors as exposures. In addition, such studies sometimes fail to satisfactorily evaluate disability status as an outcome.Methods: This prospective cohort study comprised 49 603 (22 438 men and 27 165 women) community-dwelling adults aged 40 years or older who were included in the Residential Registry for Ohsaki City, Miyagi Prefecture, in northeastern Japan. The baseline survey, which included psychosocial factors, was conducted in December 2006. Follow-up of death, immigration, cause of death, cancer incidence, and long-term care insurance certification was started on 1 January 2007.Results: The response rate was 64.2%. In general, lifestyle-related conditions in the study population were similar to those of the general Japanese population; however, the proportion of male current smokers was higher in the cohort. The association between age and the proportion of those reporting psychological distress showed a clear U-shaped curve, with a nadir at age 60 to 69 years in both men and women, although more women were affected by such distress than men. The proportion of those who reported a lack of social support was highest among those aged 40 to 49 years. Most men and women surveyed did not participate in community activities. Among participants aged 65 years or older, 10.9% of participants were certified beneficiaries of the long-term care insurance system at baseline.Conclusions: The Ohsaki Cohort 2006 Study is a novel population-based prospective cohort study that focuses on psychosocial factors and long-term care insurance certification.

著者

安 智史

出版者

日本近代文学会

雑誌

日本近代文学 (ISSN:05493749)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.93, pp.46-61, 2015-11-15 (Released:2016-11-15)

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丸山薫(まるやまかおる)は、戦前から戦時下にかけて堀辰雄、三好達治とともに第二次『四季』を主宰したにもかかわらず、四季派の異色詩人と評価されることが多い。しかし、宇宙論的SF短編やシュルレアリストの主張するオブジェ、あるいは〝工場萌え〟の先駆といえる側面をふくむ、薫テクストの無機物への感性は、狭義の詩派の枠組みを超える詩史的な感性の同時代性と、戦前から戦後をつなぐ表現の展開の結束点に位置する側面を有している。研究史上見落とされがちであったその特質を、稲垣足穂、萩原朔太郎、立原道造、中原中也および、無機的風景詩の先駆者とされる小野十三郎や、瀧口修造、山中散生(ちるう)らシュルレアリストとの、同時代性と影響関係を中心に解明した。

著者

Shota Hamada Hideto Takahashi Nobuo Sakata Boyoung Jeon Takahiro Mori Katsuya Iijima Satoru Yoshie Tatsuro Ishizaki Nanako Tamiya

出版者

Japan Epidemiological Association

雑誌

Journal of Epidemiology (ISSN:09175040)

巻号頁・発行日

pp.JE20180055, (Released:2018-09-22)

参考文献数

29

被引用文献数

30

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Background: This study aimed to determine whether there are disparities in healthcare services utilization according to household income among people aged 75 years or older in Japan.Methods: We used data on medical and long-term care (LTC) insurance claims and on LTC insurance premiums and needs levels for people aged 75 years or older in a suburban city. Data on people receiving public welfare were not available. Participants were categorized according to household income level using LTC insurance premiums data. The associations of low income with physician visit frequency, length of hospital stay (LOS), and medical and LTC expenditures were evaluated and adjusted for the five-year age group and LTC needs level.Results: The study analyzed 12,852 men and 18,020 women, among which 13.3% and 41.5% were respectively categorized as low income. Participants with low income for both genders were more likely to be functionally dependent. In the adjusted analyses, lower income was associated with fewer physician visits (incidence rate ratio: 0.90 (95% confidence interval 0.87-0.92) for men and 0.97 (0.95-0.99) for women), longer LOS (1.98 (1.54-2.56) and 1.42 (1.20-1.67)), and higher total expenditures (1.09 (1.01-1.18) and 1.09 (1.05-1.14)).Conclusions: This study suggests older people with lower income had fewer consultations with physicians but an increased use of inpatient services. The income categorization used in this study may be an appropriate proxy of socioeconomic status.

著者

内山 龍雄

出版者

一般社団法人 日本物理学会

雑誌

日本物理学会誌 (ISSN:00290181)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.35, no.7, pp.569-575, 1980-07-05 (Released:2008-04-14)

参考文献数

4

著者

沼田 真美

出版者

公益社団法人 日本心理学会

雑誌

心理学研究 (ISSN:00215236)

巻号頁・発行日

pp.90.18026, (Released:2019-09-20)

参考文献数

33

被引用文献数

2

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The purpose of the present study was to investigate the effects of overt and covert narcissism, isolated from self-esteem, on forgiveness, as mediated by cumulative humiliation. To test the validity of the model used in this study, structural equation modeling was performed on data collected from 388 undergraduate students. The results indicated that both overt and covert narcissism had direct, positive effects on revenge, and only covert narcissism, mediated by cumulative humiliation, had positive effects on revenge and avoidance and negative effects on benevolence. These findings suggest that overt and covert narcissism moderate revenge in order to recover self-evaluation. The results also suggest that covert narcissism had more negative effects on forgiveness.

著者

住田 臣造

出版者

一般社団法人 日本集中治療医学会

雑誌

日本集中治療医学会雑誌 (ISSN:13407988)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.22, no.2, pp.103-104, 2015-03-01 (Released:2015-03-10)

参考文献数

10

著者

田中 究

出版者

一般社団法人 日本児童青年精神医学会

雑誌

児童青年精神医学とその近接領域 (ISSN:02890968)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.57, no.5, pp.705-718, 2016-11-01 (Released:2017-05-17)

参考文献数

73

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近代になって子ども虐待は民間福祉機関や個人によって気付かれ, 子どもの保護が始められ, それを公的機関, 司法が支援してきた。しかし, そのことで市民社会からは見えにくくなっていた。Kempら(1962)の「殴打された子の症候群(Battered Child Syndrome)」の報告は, 子ども虐待対応の枠組みを, 福祉モデルから医療モデルに変化させた。こうして, 子ども虐待は再発見されたのである。虐待された子どもの現す特異な行動は, 心的トラウマの症状として診断され, 社会病理ばかりではなく養育者の精神病理が虐待の要因として捉えられるようになった。その上で, 子どもの心的トラウマを評価し, 治療することの知見や研究が積み重ねられ, 治療技法が考案されている。さらに, 基本的なアタッチメントへの理解がすすみ, アタッチメントの再構築についても議論されるようになった。こうした治療的な関与には医療だけではなく, 福祉, 保健, 教育, 司法がそれぞれ相補的な役割を果たし, 協働していくことが一層重要である。

著者

白井 宏樹 小堀 正人

出版者

公益社団法人 日本薬理学会

雑誌

日本薬理学雑誌 (ISSN:00155691)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.129, no.1, pp.51-55, 2007 (Released:2007-01-12)

参考文献数

8

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バイオインフォマティクスは,各種生物情報を情報科学的手法によって整理や解析をすることで,生物学上の重要な知見を抽出したり,またそれを促進させる研究分野である.様々な生物情報がフリーで入手可能な今日,バイオインフォマティクスは分子生物学研究や創薬において重要な役割を担っている.本稿では,創薬におけるバイオインフォマティクスの現状と問題点,および将来への展望を記述した.とくにバイオインフォマティクスによる仮説立案の役割について,研究2例を紹介し,その重要性と問題点を記述した.