著者
高橋 ひとみ/衞藤 隆 衞藤 隆
出版者
桃山学院大学
雑誌
人間文化研究 (ISSN:21889031)
巻号頁・発行日
no.2, pp.193-210, 2015-03-23

It is proposed that near-vision acuity tests be conducted in kindergartens and nurseries throughout the country and that infant medical checkups should also be carried out. This will allow early detection of and timely treatment for children with amblyopia. The younger the age at which these tests are carried out, the more effective they will be. If amblyopia is detected and treated by the age of 3, most children will be able to complete their treatment before reaching school age. This will enable them to begin their school life without being burdened by poor eyesight, and contribute to a society in which all children have equal access to compulsory education. To bring about that end, the introduction of "reliable" visual acuity tests over a short time is necessary. I considered the best form of visual acuity test from the standpoint of both the infant to be tested and that of the teacher carrying out the test. In order to ensure "reliability", it is necessary to use the Landolt Ring eye-mark, which meets definitions of eyesight. In addition, a picture-based eye-mark is recommended, as it is more likely to gain the understanding of the infant being tested. Avisual acuity test will be more effective if infants have already grown accustomed to the Landolt Ring during play. This picture book was devised with that aim in mind.
著者
南 保輔
出版者
成城大学
雑誌
コミュニケーション紀要 (ISSN:02887843)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.20, pp.1-76, 2008-03

Tetsuko Kuroyanagi has been a hostess of a TV talk show, Tetsuko's Room, for more than thirty years. In order to provide a demonstrative description of Tetsuko's skills as a talk show hostess, a comparison is made between this program and another one broadcast by NHK, Hello from Studio Park. Three shows from the two programs are compared, each pair of shows having the same guest. For each of the three paired shows, the portions dealing with the "same" topic are chosen and transcribed for analysis. When a singer and actor, Tetsuya Takeda, was a guest, he replayed interchanges which mark some moments of his career as an entertainer. While at Hello, Tetsuya replayed these interchanges without prompting from the hosts, however, at Room, Tetsuko made focused attempts to solicit a specific exchange that included the words of encouragement of Tetsuya's wife who worked to keep their spirits high while they were struggling economically. Tetsuko's personal knowledge and memory about the guest seem critical to eliciting this exchange. When a speed skater and Olympic bronze medalist, Tomomi Okazaki, was a guest, the size of her thighs was one of major topics. In both shows, the hostess touched her thigh. While the hostess of Hello just rubbed, Tetsuko slapped Okazaki's thigh twentyeight times. She made slapping sounds that could be heard by the audience so as to show how "good" Okazaki's muscles are. Tetsuko even slapped her own thighs to make a contrast. Although Tetsuko's superior skills usually work well and make the talk interesting and enjoyable, she remained silent while Mami Yamase changed styles of the clothes of her designing from skirts to pants. Pauses of few seconds long were heard while watching Yamase change styles. Because the audience was distracted during the time Yamase was changing styles, the length of the pauses was not as noticeable as it might have been otherwise. Still, the fact that Tetsuko did not talk for that long stood out. Comparisons of the same guests talking about the "same" topics have provided several important findings. First, Tetsuko Kuroyanagi has superior skills of eliciting interesting stories from her guests. Second, however, even Tetsuko is sometimes forced to remain silent while the talk show guest engages in preparatory activities. Third, therefore, "chattiness" should not be attributed to a person but should be considered an attribute of the situation.
著者
中川 祐志
出版者
一般社団法人 日本人間関係学会
雑誌
人間関係学研究 (ISSN:13408186)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.18, no.1, pp.21-32, 2012

In recent years, attention has been focused on support for persons with Asperger's Syndrome (AS). This report discusses materials prepared from studies of the culture of Comic Market (Comiket) which is one of the Otaku culture to help in preparing special support education environments for AS persons who have lost their sense of presence. Document research has shown that the system of the Comiket that is one of the Otaku culture may function as a place that AS sufferers who have problems related to theory of mind can easily rely on. In addition, it is thought that a series of circle activities may provide hints on how AS sufferers can regain a sense of presence. The author thinks that AS research into Otaku culture is very significant towards each individual AS sufferer regaining a sense of presence, participating in society and building human relations.
著者
兼児 敏浩 石橋 美紀 日比 美由紀
出版者
Japan Society for Health Care Management
雑誌
日本医療マネジメント学会雑誌 (ISSN:18812503)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.10, no.2, pp.399-403, 2009

患者ハラスメントを 「医療提供者に対する患者や患者家族による不当な要求や暴言、暴力 (セクシャルハラスメントも含む)」 と定義し、全国16の医療施設に協力を求め、実態調査を行った。116事例について把握できたが、想定よりも事例数が少なかった原因は患者ハラスメントに対する認識不足や収集システムの不備にあると推測された。患者ハラスメントはすべての部署・時間帯に発生しており、40代の男性が加害者となることが多かった。患者ハラスメントはまったくの言いがかりである場合は半分以下で患者の病状や些細な医療上のミスが誘引となる事例などが多く、半分以上が医療特有の原因に起因していると考えられた。被害者は女性看護師をはじめとして多くの職種に渡り、恐怖心や不快感のみならず厭世的な気分になることも多く、早急な対策が必要であると考えられた。
著者
浜井 浩一
出版者
日本犯罪社会学会
雑誌
犯罪社会学研究 (ISSN:0386460X)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.29, pp.10-26, 2004
被引用文献数
2

2003年に実施された衆議院議員選挙において,主要政党のほとんどが,犯罪・治安対策を重要な争点として取り上げるなど,日本において,現在ほど,犯罪や治安が大きな社会問題となったことはない.世論調査の結果を待つまでもなく,多くの国民が,疑問の余地のない事実として,日本の治安が大きく悪化していると考えている.本稿では,これを「治安悪化神話」と呼ぶ.本稿では,まず最初に,日本の治安悪化神話の根拠となっている犯罪統計を検証する.そして,治安悪化を示す警察統計の指標は,警察における事件処理方針の変更等による人為的なものであり,人口動態統計等を参照すると,暴力によって死亡するリスクは年々減少しつつあること,つまり,治安悪化神話は,必ずしも客観的な事実に基づいていないことを確認する.次に,治安悪化神話の生成過程について,マスコミによる凶悪犯罪の過剰報道,それによって作られたモラル・パニックを指摘しつつ,さらに,一過性であるはずの治安悪化言説が,マスコミ,犯罪被害者支援運動と支援者(advocates),行政・政治家,専門家の共同作業を通して,単なるパニックを超えて,社会の中に定着していく過程を分析する.
著者
田中 裕
出版者
神戸山手大学
雑誌
神戸山手短期大学紀要 (ISSN:13496808)
巻号頁・発行日
no.49, pp.67-77, 2006

「読書百遍義自ら見る」という言葉が正しいかどうかを短大生活学科の新入生28名対象にデカルトの方法序説を30回読むことによって確かめた。一段落読む毎に5段階評価の理解と読みのスムーズ度とコメントを記録してもらった。正しいというのが結論である。
著者
平田 圭 増田 利隆 松本 義信 長尾 光城 長尾 憲樹 松枝 秀二 守田 哲朗
出版者
川崎医療福祉大学
雑誌
川崎医療福祉学会誌 (ISSN:09174605)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.10, no.2, pp.341-345, 2000

運動を行う時間帯の違いが脂肪燃焼に与える影響について明らかにすることを目的として検討を行った.1.静脈血および指頭血の血中遊離脂肪酸(FFA)濃度の関係について被験者は, 健康な一般成人女性20名(平均年齢21.7±0.9歳)とした.早朝空腹時, 座位安静状態において静脈血, 指頭血の順に採血を行い, 血中FFA濃度を測定した.全被験者の静脈血FFAおよび指頭血FFAの間に有意な正の相関(r=0.813,p<0.001)が認められ, 血中FFA濃度の定量が指頭から採取した血液で可能であることが明らかとなった.2.空腹時および朝食・昼食摂取2時間後の運動中の呼吸商(RQ)および血液性状の変化被験者は, 健康な一般成人女性5名とした.運動は自転車エルゴメータを用い, 60%VO_<2max>の運動強度で30分間行った.運動実施時刻は, 空腹時9 : 00a.m.(空腹時運動群), 朝食摂取2時間後(朝食後運動群), および昼食摂取2時間後(昼食後運動群)の3回とした.運動中の酸素摂取量(V0_2), 呼吸商(RQ)を測定した.採血は安静時(0分), 運動開始20分後, 25分後, 30分後の計4回行い, 血糖値, 乳酸値, 血中FFA濃度を測定した.空腹時運動群のRQは運動開始20分値, 25分値がそれぞれo.83±0.13,0.84±0.12であり3詳聞で最も低値を示した.しかし, 運動開始30分後では昼食後運動群が空腹時運動群と同じ値となった.空腹時運動群の血中FFA濃度は運動中に増加傾向を示した.昼食後運動群の血中FFA濃度は安静時(0分)において朝食後運動群より低値であったが, 運動開始後増加し, 30分後には朝食後運動群より高値となった.以上の結果から, 空腹時, 朝食摂取2時間後, 昼食摂取2時間後の3条件において30分間運動を実施する場合, 昼食摂取2時間後における運動開始30分後に空腹時と同様に脂肪燃焼が亢進することが明らかとなった.
著者
岡部 千鶴
出版者
久留米信愛女学院短期大学
雑誌
久留米信愛女学院短期大学研究紀要 (ISSN:13487310)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.27, pp.57-66, 2004

Last year, the Nishitetsu Railroad Company in Fukuoka, started a new service-a railway carriage reserved for women only, and this was welcomed by most women. According to our research, one in four women reported she had suffered from molestation in a train in the past year. Now a lot of women get on this particular carriage. Others who don't use this service say it is inconvenient for them when changing trains or when in a rush to the exit, because the last carriage is arranged for this reserved service. What suffers women more is that they could do nothing during or after the harassment. Society must recognize that the molester harassment is a crime. We should develop more guidance in schools, companies and other public forums to help resolve this issue. The "Women-Only Carriage Service" can help raise our awareness to prevent discrimination against women in Japanese society. And we must look at other solutions to cope with this situation.
著者
藤井 利江 山口 裕幸
出版者
九州大学
雑誌
九州大学心理学研究 (ISSN:13453904)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.4, pp.135-148, 2003-03-31
被引用文献数
2

The purpose of this study was to grasp the actuality of undergraduates question behaviors in classes, and to examine factors affecting them. In study 1, observation of undergraduates' question behaviors was conducted. As a result, the question behaviors were classified into four styles: 1.voluntary style, 2.not-voluntary style, 3.after-class style, 4.no-question. In study 2, the questionnaire about the usual question behavior, the reason why they don't ask voluntary in classes, and factors that seemed to affect question behaviors was conducted. Subjects were 292 undergraduates. Results were as follows: (a) the tendency that students didn't ask question voluntary in classes, but ask question actively after classes was founded, (b) not only the individual characteristics, but also the class situation affected the undergraduates' question behaviors. Result of this study suggested that the undergraduates' question behaviors were affected by the existence of other students and the mood of class strongly. so that students didn't ask questions voluntary in classes.