著者

Riwa Ozasa Tetsuya Okada Satomi Nadanaka Takahiko Nagamine Alisha Zyryanova Heather Harding David Ron Kazutoshi Mori

出版者

日本細胞生物学会

雑誌

Cell Structure and Function (ISSN:03867196)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.38, no.2, pp.183-195, 2013 (Released:2013-08-08)

参考文献数

39

被引用文献数

6 30

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Patients with schizophrenia receive medication to alleviate various symptoms, but some efficacious second generation antipsychotics, particularly olanzapine, can cause obesity, dyslipidemia, and diabetes mellitus. It has been generally considered that olanzapine contributes to the development of diabetes by inducing obesity and subsequent insulin resistance. In this study, we examined the effect of olanzapine and risperidone, another second generation antipsychotic, on a hamster pancreatic β cell line, and found that both evoked mild endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress, as evidenced by mild activation of the ER stress sensor molecule PERK. Surprisingly, only olanzapine induced marked apoptosis. Phosphorylation of the α subunit of eukaryotic initiation factor 2, an event immediately downstream of PERK activation, was not observed in cells treated with olanzapine, protein synthesis continued despite PERK activation, and ER stress was thereby sustained. Secretion of insulin was markedly inhibited, and both proinsulin and insulin accumulated inside olanzapine-treated cells. Inhibition of protein synthesis and knockdown of insulin mRNA, which result in less unfolded protein burden, both attenuated subsequent olanzapine-induced apoptosis. Given clinical observations that some patients taking olanzapine exhibit hyperlipidemia and hyperglycemia without gaining weight, our observations suggest that damage to pancreatic β cells may contribute to the undesirable metabolic consequences of olanzapine treatment in some cases.

著者

Yasushi Matsuzawa Seigo Sugiyama Koichi Sugamura Hitoshi Sumida Hirofumi Kurokawa Koichiro Fujisue Masaaki Konishi Eiichi Akiyama Hiroyuki Suzuki Naoki Nakayama Megumi Yamamuro Satomi Iwashita Hideaki Jinnouchi Kazuo Kimura Satoshi Umemura Hisao Ogawa

出版者

日本循環器学会

雑誌

Circulation Journal (ISSN:13469843)

巻号頁・発行日

pp.CJ-13-0549, (Released:2013-08-28)

参考文献数

29

被引用文献数

15 33

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Background: Simple office-based counseling for diet and exercise does not appear to positively affect success rates in metabolic syndrome (MetS) patients. The utility of the lifestyle modification self-assessment score (Self-AS) in the improvement of endothelial function by office-based counseling for patients with MetS was investigated. Methods and Results: Patients with MetS (n=207) and age- and sex-matched individuals without MetS (n=124) were enrolled in this cross-sectional study. Endothelial function was assessed using reactive hyperemia-peripheral arterial tonometry index (RHI). Patients with MetS had significant endothelial dysfunction compared with those without MetS (RHI, 0.502±0.178 vs. 0.614±0.229; P<0.001). Seventy MetS patients participating in the prospective interventional study received simple office-based lifestyle modification counseling that was accompanied by Self-AS questionnaire after 10 months. RHI was significantly improved following lifestyle modifications (from 0.452±0.136 to 0.547±0.202, P<0.001). Reductions in waist circumference (R2=0.094, P=0.01) and increased high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (R2=0.227, P<0.001) independently correlated with improved RHI. Self-AS significantly correlated with changes in waist circumference (r=−0.57, P<0.001) and RHI (r=0.30, P=0.02). Patients with a good achievement of lifestyle modifications (higher Self-AS) had significant improvement in endothelial function compared with those with lower scores (% change in RHI, +48.7±61.6 vs. +7.8±35.1, P=0.001). Conclusions: Good achievement of lifestyle modifications as evaluated on Self-AS significantly improved endothelial function with concomitant reductions in waist circumferences in MetS patients.

著者

Lideman Gregory N. Nishihara 野呂 忠秀 寺田 竜太

出版者

日本水産増殖学会

雑誌

水産増殖 (ISSN:03714217)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.59, no.4, pp.563-571, 2011-09-20 (Released:2012-12-27)

参考文献数

35

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カタメンキリンサイ,トゲキリンサイ,トサカノリ(紅色植物門ミリン科)は,熱帯・亜熱帯域に生育する有用海藻であり,日本では南西諸島や九州でよく見られる。本研究では,これら3種の養殖技術を確立する上で必要な至適光・温度条件を検討することを目的とした。温度(16,20,24,28,32°C)が生長や光合成に与える影響については,培養による生長試験と溶存酸素計を用いた光合成試験の2つの実験で行った。また,水温24°C,光量0から536μmol photon m-2 s-1 の条件で光合成速度を測定し,光合成-温度曲線を作成した。光量90μmol photon m-2 s-1 における最適生長率はカタメンキリンサイとトゲキリンサイで24°Cと28°C,トサカノリで20°Cと24°Cの範囲だった。最大光合成速度はカタメンキリンサイで135.0,トゲキリンサイで65.0,トサカノリで52.4μg O2 (mg chl-a)-1 min-1であり,それぞれ94.9,69.4,35.4μmol photon m-2 s-1 以上で飽和した。これらの結果は各種の生育水深と日本南部における分布と密接に関連しており,各種の養殖可能時期について考察を行った。

著者

Rie Okamoto Akihiro Hirashiki Xian Wu Cheng Takashi Yamada Shuzo Shimazu Norihiro Shinoda Takahiro Okumura Kyosuke Takeshita Yasuko Bando Takahisa Kondo Toyoaki Murohara

出版者

一般社団法人 インターナショナル・ハート・ジャーナル刊行会

雑誌

International Heart Journal (ISSN:13492365)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.54, no.4, pp.202-206, 2013 (Released:2013-08-06)

参考文献数

25

被引用文献数

8 17

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Cardiac troponins provide diagnostic and prognostic information on ischemic heart disease, but their roles in hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) are unclear. We sought to investigate the associations between elevated serum cardiac troponins T (cTnT) and I (cTnI) levels and cardiac injury in patients with HCM. We measured serum cTnT and cTnI in a peripheral vein of 73 consecutive HCM patients in stable condition. In addition, to examine the transcardiac release of cTnT and that of cTnI, we measured them in the aortic root and coronary sinus. Mitochondrial- and Ca2+-handling-related gene expression assays were analyzed by endomyocardial biopsy specimens. Based on the median value of serum cTnT, we divided the patients into two groups [group A: cTnT < 0.008 ng/mL, (n = 35), group B: cTnT group ≥ 0.008 ng/mL, (n = 38)]. Left ventricular (LV) mass index was significantly higher, while LV ejection fraction was significantly lower, in group B than in group A. Meanwhile, there was a significantly positive correlation between the transcardiac gradient of serum cTnT or cTnI, and the mRNA level of troponin I3 (r = 0.473, r = 0.516, respectively). The mRNA level of troponin T2 significantly correlated with mRNA levels of sarco-endoplasmic reticulum Ca2+-ATPase 2, cytochrome c oxidase subunit 5B, and troponin I3 (r = 0.486, r = 0.957, r = 0.633, respectively). These findings indicate that both elevated serum cTnT and cTnI might be associated with cardiac dysfunction in patients with HCM, resulting from the impairment of mitochondrial function and Ca2+-handling protein.

著者

Doo Sun Sim Youngkeun Ahn Myung Ho Jeong Young Jo Kim Shung Chull Chae Taek Jong Hong In Whan Seong Jei Keon Chae Chong Jin Kim Myeong Chan Cho Ki Bae Seung

出版者

一般社団法人 インターナショナル・ハート・ジャーナル刊行会

雑誌

International Heart Journal (ISSN:13492365)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.54, no.4, pp.185-191, 2013 (Released:2013-08-06)

参考文献数

21

被引用文献数

8 21

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The clinical outcome of patients with acute myocardial infarction (MI) with unprotected left main coronary artery (LMCA) stenosis is not fully understood. We sought to assess the outcomes of patients with acute MI who underwent percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) for unprotected LMCA stenosis. A total of 587 patients enrolled in the Korea Acute Myocardial Infarction Registry with LMCA stenosis were analyzed. Patients with culprit LMCA had higher inhospital mortality than patients with non-culprit LMCA (16.0% versus 8.9%, P = 0.008), but had similar clinical outcomes during a 12-month follow-up. Compared to CABG, PCI using drug-eluting stents (DES) was more frequently performed with similar early and 12-month clinical outcomes. The efficacy of sirolimus-eluting stents, paclitaxel-eluting stents, and zotarolimus-eluting stents were comparable at 12-month clinical follow-up. Predictors of 12-month mortality included mechanical ventilation, cardiogenic shock, age > 65 years, and ejection fraction < 40%. Patients with acute MI and culprit LMCA have higher early mortality than patients with non-culprit LMCA. PCI with DES is frequently performed and the clinical outcome is similar between the 3 types of first-generation DES.

著者

Kazuhiko Kotani Yoshitaka Sekine Shizukiyo Ishikawa Imoh Z. Ikpot Kazuhiro Suzuki Alan T. Remaley

出版者

日本疫学会

雑誌

Journal of Epidemiology (ISSN:09175040)

巻号頁・発行日

pp.JE20130006, (Released:2013-08-27)

参考文献数

35

被引用文献数

10 36

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Prostate cancer is a common disease in modern, developed societies and has a high incidence and mortality. High-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) has recently received much attention as a possible risk marker of prostate cancer development and prognosis. In the present article, we summarized findings from epidemiologic studies of the association between HDL-C and prostate cancer. Low HDL-C level was found to be a risk and prognostic factor of prostate cancer in several epidemiologic studies, although the overall linkage between HDL and prostate cancer has not been definitively established. The mechanisms for this association remain uncertain; however, limited data from experimental studies imply a possible role of HDL in the pathophysiology of prostate cancer. More epidemiologic research, in combination with experimental studies, is needed in this field.

著者

森田 光子 有地 淑子 木瀬 祥貴 後藤 真一 泉 雅浩 内藤 宗孝 勝又 明敏 有地 榮一郎

出版者

特定非営利活動法人 日本歯科放射線学会

雑誌

歯科放射線 (ISSN:03899705)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.50, no.3, pp.27-38, 2010 (Released:2011-03-11)

参考文献数

20

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Objective: To clarify the educational effect of a lecture on differential imaging features comparing ameloblastomas and keratocystic odontogenic tumors of the mandibles presented to dental students.Methods: Panoramic and CT images of 10 ameloblastomas and 10 keratocystic odontogenic tumors were randomly presented 114 dental students. Test scores, correct answer ratios, identification index, and understanding of the imaging features contributing to a correct diagnosis were serially evaluated before and after the lecture on the differential imaging features comparing the two types of tumors.Results: The mean and standard deviation of the scoring ratios of dental students diagnosing these lesions on panoramic and CT images were 48.8 ± 10.8% and 52.5 ± 12.9%, respectively. After the lecture on the differential imaging features comparing the two tumors, the scoring ratios improved significantly. After the lecture, both the numbers of patients whose images were correctly diagnosed and the identification indices increased. The lecture also increased the number of imaging features recognized as contributing to the correct diagnosis.Conclusion: A lecture on the differential imaging features comparing ameloblastomas and keratocystic odontogenic tumors of the mandibles contributed to the improvement of imaging diagnosis skills among dental students.

著者

吉田 敬 長塚 紀子 荻野 恵

出版者

日本コミュニケーション障害学会

雑誌

コミュニケーション障害学 (ISSN:13478451)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.22, no.2, pp.100-108, 2005-08-31 (Released:2009-11-19)

参考文献数

34

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本稿では,成人の脳損傷者の談話・会話データの発話分析について考察した.分析対象,データの量,データの種類,分析方法といった発話分析に際して考慮すべき観点を述べた後,先行研究を概観した.さらに,形態統語論的な観点と談話分析的な観点から,流暢性失語症者と認知症者の発話の分析を試みた.流暢性失語症者の発話では助詞の誤用のような形態統語論的な誤りが目立った.認知症者の発話では形態統語論的な誤りはみられず,脱文脈の命題が用いられるなど談話レベルでの不適切さがみられた.最後に,対象者,分析目的,データ収集・分析に要する時間などを考慮し,適切な分析方法を採ることの重要性について強調した.

著者

大地 信彰 稲永 隆 平方 秀樹 名西 史夫 小野山 薫 藤島 正敏 王 幸則 三井島 千秋 藤見 惺

出版者

社団法人 日本透析医学会

雑誌

日本透析療法学会雑誌 (ISSN:09115889)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.19, no.11, pp.1069-1074, 1986-11-28 (Released:2010-03-16)

参考文献数

26

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蛋白同化ステロイド剤の1つであるmepitiostaneを貧血治療薬として, 33例の安定透析例を対象に使用した. 本剤投与前6ヵ月間におけるHt値の自然変動を各症例毎に調べ, その平均値および標準偏差値SDを求めた. 本剤投与前のHt値より, 投与後4 S D以上Htの上昇を認めた症例を有効群, それ以外を無効群とし, 各群間におけるBUN, 血清鉄等各パラメーターの経時的推移を比較検討した. さらに, 透析患者にみられる続発性副甲状腺機能亢進症が, その造血効果に及ぼす影響について検討を加えた. mepitiostaneは10mgないし20mgを朝, 夕の分服とし, 4ヵ月間連日経口投与した.結果: 1. 有効群ではHt値は投与1ヵ月後より有意に上昇し, 平均で4.6%増加した. 同時に血清Creat値の上昇, BUN値の低下等蛋白同化作用に基づくと考えられる変化がより強くみられた. 2. 有効群では貧血改善に伴い血清鉄が有意に低下した. これは鉄利用亢進に基づく変化と考えられ, 鉄剤の併用で本剤の貧血改善効果がより増大する可能性が示唆された. 3. 透析患者にみられる続発性副甲状腺機能亢進症が, 本剤の造血効果を抑制している可能性が示唆された.

著者

長橋 良隆 吉川 周作 宮川 ちひろ 内山 高 井内 美郎

出版者

日本第四紀学会

雑誌

第四紀研究 (ISSN:04182642)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.43, no.1, pp.15-35, 2004-02-01 (Released:2009-08-21)

参考文献数

59

被引用文献数

43 77

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Energy dispersive Xray Spectrometry (EDS) was applied to measure the major element composition of volcanic glass shards. One hundred three analytical tephra samples were collected from the Takashima-oki drilling core sample on Lake Biwa, as well as some representative drilling core samples in the Osaka coastal area and Middle Pleistocene tephra layers at the foot of the Yatsugatake Mountains. The ages of the principal tephra layers were estimated from the correlation between the biostratigraphic horizons from the core samples and the oxygen isotope stratigraphy. The estimated ages of the Kg, K-Ah, U-Oki, AT, Aso-4, K-Tz, Aso-3, BT44, BT51, Ata-Th, Aso-1, Ng-1, Kkt and BT72 tephra layers are 3.1ka, 7.3ka, 10.7ka, 29ka, 87ka, 91ka, 133ka, 203ka, 216ka, 238ka, 249ka, 294ka, 334ka, and 349ka, respectively. These principal tephra ages provide the estimated ages of other tephra layers using the sediment accumulation rates in the Takashima-oki core. Consequently, this study has reconstructed the tephrostratigraphy and chronology during the past 430ky. Furthermore, it is pointed out that caldera forming eruptions have occurred at low sea level periods just before the maximum high sea level.

著者

植田 睦之

出版者

特定非営利活動法人バードリサーチ

雑誌

Bird Research (ISSN:18801587)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.9, pp.S19-S22, 2013 (Released:2013-08-30)

参考文献数

10

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シジュウカラは主要な捕食者であるツミが繁殖してる林では,飛行形態がツミと似ているキジバトに対して,警戒声を発する頻度がツミの繁殖していない林と比べて高かった.シジュウカラはツミの繁殖している危険度の高い場所では警戒度合を高めていて,キジバトに対しても反応することで,捕食のリスクを低めており,危険度の低い場所では,警戒度合を下げることで警戒のコストを下げておいるのだと考えられた.

著者

矢田 豊 竝川 昌司 神田 大輔 畑中 健 大山 達也 長島 多聞 久保田 潤 高木 均 吉永 輝夫

出版者

一般社団法人 日本肝臓学会

雑誌

肝臓 (ISSN:04514203)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.53, no.8, pp.523-529, 2012 (Released:2012-08-30)

参考文献数

20

被引用文献数

1 1

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症例は56歳,男性.C型肝硬変に腹膜播種を伴う進行肝細胞癌(HCC)を併発し,ペグインターフェロンα併用5FU全身化学療法(PEG-IFN/5FU全身療法)を施行したところ,化学療法開始直後に出血性ショック状態となった.腹部CT検査で腹腔内出血を確認し,化学療法に伴う肝癌破裂と診断した.保存的加療にて軽快し,かつPEG-IFN/5FU全身療法によりHCCは腹膜播種巣を含め著明に縮小した.このため,PEG-IFN/5FU全身療法を計5コース施行したところ,同療法は奏功した.化学療法に伴うHCC破裂は化学療法が有効であるがゆえに生じる可能性があり,循環動態の安定が得られた後に,同療法を繰り返すことで著効が期待できる.腹膜播種を伴う進行HCCにPEG-IFN/5FU全身療法は考慮すべき治療法と考えられた.

著者

犬丸 茂樹

出版者

日本家畜臨床学会 ・ 大動物臨床研究会

雑誌

日本家畜臨床学会誌 (ISSN:13468464)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.31, no.2, pp.128-129, 2008-11-05 (Released:2013-05-14)

著者

金井 成行 谷口 典正 川本 正純 遠藤 宏

出版者

西日本整形・災害外科学会

雑誌

整形外科と災害外科 (ISSN:00371033)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.50, no.1, pp.241-244, 2001-03-25 (Released:2010-02-25)

参考文献数

6

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A pathohysiological study of frozen shoulders was carried out by assessing thermography and deep body thermometry results together with the patients' subjective and objective symptoms. Active and dummy magnets were randomly assigned to patients (18 males and 20 females) in a double-blind study. All patients were magnets for three weeks, and subjective and objective symptoms were observed to be improved significantly 1 week after the application of the active magnets. The skin and deep body temperatures in the painful portion significantly increased with exposure to the active magnets at 2 weeks and 3 weeks after the application.These findings suggest that the static magnetic fields might gradually increase blood circulation.

著者

大竹 賢太郎 齊尾 征直 黒島 義克 安里 良子 吉見 直己

出版者

特定非営利活動法人 日本臨床細胞学会

雑誌

日本臨床細胞学会雑誌 (ISSN:03871193)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.52, no.3, pp.271-272, 2013 (Released:2013-08-29)

参考文献数

5

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We examined how to improve the cell recovery for cell block preparations using cervical liquid-based cytology (LBC) samples. Forty cases of both NILM and LSIL, respectively, were split into three groups and three different cell block preparation methods were applied such as nylon mesh, OCT compound and cotton. The total cell number (isolated cells and cells in cell clusters) and the incidence of cases with large clusters (≥50 cells) in specimens were counted. We found that the cotton method, by which clusters were significantly recovered, was better than the others. The cotton method is a useful tool for cell recovery in block preparations from LBC samples.

著者

池口 明子

出版者

一般社団法人 人文地理学会

雑誌

人文地理 (ISSN:00187216)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.53, no.6, pp.574-589, 2001-12-28 (Released:2009-04-28)

参考文献数

45

被引用文献数

2 3

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This study aims to examine the environmental adaptation of diving fishery groups with special attention to individual differences in fishing ground use.In Wagu, a diving fishery is operated mainly around small islands and rocky reefs located about 2km offshore. Five types of abalone, a turban shell, a topshell and some other less-economically valued organisms are the target species. The divers (Ama) have three different types of operation: an individual operation (Hamako), an operation undertaken by by one diver and one operator who are primarily kin (Funedo), and an operation involving several divers and one boat operator (Kachido). Since the latter is becoming the predominant operational type, an analysis of Kachido's activity space is therefore crucial to an examination of the relationship between operation types and the fishing ground environment in Wagu.The fishing grounds are divided into categories in relation to the abalone habitat. The largest is Iso, which consists of rocky bottom habitats identified by a specific name. In each Iso, there are small areas called Shima. These are dimensional but also topographical categories of the fishing ground. The selection of Shima is performed by individual Ama for all operational types, while that of Iso is performed differently. For Kachido, the boat operator recognizes available Iso for the day's operation in relation to the tidal current, water depth, and the Ama's diving ability.In the practice of Kachido, the behavioral patterns of individual Ama are variable. Abalone collecting is most profitable, but the physical ability of older Ama to collect these shellfish is constrained. Instead, these Ama are able to collect turban shells and topshells in the course of searching for Shima, or when brought to shallower Iso by the boat operator. Ama with experience in recognizing Shima may collect more abalone than other Ama, however. It can be seen from these behaviors that fishing grounds recognized by the boat operator or Ama result in variability in shellfish collecting activities by individual Ama.From the analysis, two significant characteristics of fishing ground use for Kachido operation are identified. The first is the recognition by the boat operator of the relationship between topography and tidal currents for the selection of Iso. The second is the use of different resources by Ama of variable age and experience that are adaptive to biophysical diversity within Iso.

著者

Lili CAO Ronghua CHENG Lin YAO Shuxian YUAN Xinhua YAO

出版者

公益社団法人 日本獣医学会

雑誌

Journal of Veterinary Medical Science (ISSN:09167250)

巻号頁・発行日

pp.13-0275, (Released:2013-08-20)

被引用文献数

2 10

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Loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP) method amplifies DNA with high simply, specificity, sensitivity and rapidity. In this study, A LAMP assay with six primers targeting a highly conserved region of the GRA1 gene has been developed to diagnose Toxoplasma gondii. The reaction time of the LAMP assay was shortened to 30 min after optimizing the reaction system. The LAMP assay was found to be highly specific and stable. The detection limit of the LAMP assay was 10 copies, the same as that of the conventional PCR. We used the LAMP assay to develop a real-time fluorogenic protocol to quantitate T. gondii DNA, and generated a log-linear regression plot by plotting the time-to-threshold values against genomic equivalent copies. Furthermore, the LAMP assay was applied to detect T. gondi DNA in 423 blood samples and 380 lymph nodes samples from 10 pig farms. Positive results were 7.8% and 8.2%, anf the result shows LAMP method is some more sensitive than conventional PCR (6.1% and 7.6%). Positive samples obtained from 6 pig farms. The LAMP assay established in this study resulted in simple, specific, sensitive and rapid detection of T. gondii DNA, and is expected to play an important role in the clinical detection.

著者

Laura S. Barrientos Julian A. Crespi Veronica It Pilar Peral-García María C. Castellano Guillermo Giovambattista

出版者

日本獣医皮膚科学会

雑誌

獣医臨床皮膚科 (ISSN:13476416)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.19, no.2, pp.57-61, 2013 (Released:2013-08-20)

参考文献数

16

被引用文献数

2

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若年性汎発性ニキビダニ症は犬で頻繁にみられる疾患であり,遺伝的素因や免疫学的素因が関与する疾患である。本症は伝染性疾患でも人獣共通感染症でもないが,重篤で時に生命予後に影響することもある。本症はあらゆる犬種に発症しうるが,一部の報告では好発犬種に関する記載が見られる。本報告では1998年から2006年までの間に,アルゼンチン・ラブラタ国立大学獣医学部附属小動物病院で記録された499例について解析した。全ての症例において,ニキビダニ症があらゆる皮膚疾患よりも初発したと考えられ,最終的には本症と診断された。499例中28例が若年性汎発性ニキビダニ症と診断された。他の研究データと比較したところ,本研究ではボクサー,ジャーマン・シェパードおよび雑種犬に,本症が好発することが示された。本研究の成果は,若年性汎発性ニキビダニ症が一部の犬種に好発するという仮説を支持するものと考えられた。

著者

栗山 進一 大貫 幸二 鈴木 昭彦 市村 みゆき 森久保 寛 東野 英利子 辻 一郎 大内 憲明

出版者

日本乳癌検診学会

雑誌

日本乳癌検診学会誌 (ISSN:09180729)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.16, no.1, pp.93-98, 2007-03-30 (Released:2008-07-25)

参考文献数

18

被引用文献数

1 1

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本研究の目的は, 40歳代女性に対する超音波・マンモグラフィ併用 (US & MMG), 超音波単独 (US単独), マンモグラフィ単独 (MMG単独) の3種類の逐年検診方法を, シミュレーション分析により救命効果, 効率の点から比較検討することである。各検診方法に対して10万人ずつの仮想コホートを設定し, 検診とその効果をシミュレーションにより追跡した。それぞれの検診を行うコホートで, 要精検者数, 乳がん患者数を, 検診の感度・特異度, 乳がん罹患数より計算し, 期待生存年数を早期乳がん比率, 病期別の5年生存率, 平均余命より算出した。費用効果比は検診により生存年1年延長に要する費用である。検診方法別の感度・特異度, 早期乳がん比率は, 平成12年度~16年度に栃木県保健衛生事業団が行った地域住民出張検診データから算出した。救命数の差をみると, 検診方法別ではUS & MMGが最も大きく, US単独, MMG単独の順に低下した。費用効果比をみると, US単独が他の2つの検診方法より良好であり, MMG単独, US & MMG単独の順で費用効果比が低下した。最も効果の高いのはUS & MMG検診であり, 最も費用効果比が良かったのはUS単独検診であった。

著者

静間 徹 石渡 一夫 福山 直人

出版者

日本静脈経腸栄養学会

雑誌

静脈経腸栄養 (ISSN:13444980)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.27, no.2, pp.723-730, 2012 (Released:2012-05-10)

参考文献数

21

被引用文献数

1

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目的 : 大腸炎に対するトリプトファンの効果についての知見は少ない。我々は、デキストラン硫酸ナトリウム (DSS) 誘発性大腸炎動物モデルを用い、トリプトファンの抗大腸炎効果を検討した。方法 : C57black6マウスを、通常飼料 (CE-2) を与えた対照群とl-トリプトファン含有CE-2を与えたトリプトファン群 (各群8匹) に分け、3.5%DSSを12日間投与して大腸炎動物モデルを作成した。DSS投与後、体重減少、血便の頻度について観察した。さらに12日後に大腸を摘出し、組織学的検査、大腸組織中ニトロチロシン値、尿中nitrate and nitrite (NOx) 値について検討した。結果 : トリプトファン群で、体重減少や血便頻度、大腸組織中ニトロチロシン値が有意に低下し、組織学的にも大腸炎の軽減効果を認めた。NOx値は、両群間で有意差は認めなかった。結論 : DSS誘発性動物モデルにおいて、トリプトファンの投与による有意な大腸炎の軽減効果が認められた。その機序のひとつとして、抗酸化ストレス作用が推測された。