著者
髙橋 真 桑水流 学 岩本 浩二 宮内 幸男
出版者
理学療法科学学会
雑誌
理学療法科学 (ISSN:13411667)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.35, no.5, pp.741-749, 2020 (Released:2020-10-20)
参考文献数
24

〔目的〕インターナルインピンジメント症状を呈した高校野球選手に対し全身的介入による改善効果を検討した.〔対象と方法〕症例は後方関節唇損傷,上腕骨大結節背側損傷を呈した高校野球選手であった.理学療法は投球強度を調整し,肩関節の炎症鎮静をはかった.また,肩甲上腕関節,肩甲帯,投球の運動連鎖を考慮に入れた体幹・下肢筋群の機能的アプローチを40分,週1回,10ヵ月行った.〔結果〕肩関節の炎症所見は消失し,肩関節後面筋群の柔軟性,腱板筋群と僧帽筋の筋力,片脚立位姿勢は改善した.理学療法介入から7ヵ月後で投球痛は消失し,9割の投球が可能となり,投手として競技に復帰した.〔結語〕肩関節,投球早期に着目した体幹・下肢筋群の機能的アプローチはインターナルインピンジメント症状の再発,予防に効果を示した.
著者
佐藤 尋生
出版者
国士舘大学日本政教研究所
雑誌
政教研紀要 (ISSN:09167420)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.25, 2003-02
著者
林 敏 Min Lin
出版者
国際仏教学大学院大学
雑誌
仙石山論集 = Sengokuyama Journal of Buddhist Studies (ISSN:13494341)
巻号頁・発行日
no.1, pp.79-113, 2004-09-30

I. Brief Introductory StudyA. A survey of the original textThis information about original text is based on the photocopies (No.10-23) of "Dr. Tōru Haneda羽田亨 Depiction of the Collections of Xiyu Unearthed Historical Documents" stored at Haneda Museum. But as I had no access to the photos myself, I had to rely on Prof. Toshinori Ochiai's 落合俊典 own handnotes. The Foshuo zhaoming pusa jing first appears in the "Suspicious or Apocryphal Sutras" section of the Fa jing lu法經録 scroll 2 (594A.D). Later, it is mentioned in the Ren shou lu仁壽録 (602), Datang neidian lu大唐内典録 (664), Da zhou lu 大周録 (695), Kai yuan lu 開元録 (730), Zheng yuan lu 貞元録 (800), etc. In all these, it is considered as a suspicious or apocryphal sutras. Because of this reason, it did not appear in the official Canon for more than a thousand year until it was discovered in the Dunhuang. However, the text has not been published so far. In fact, it had something to do with the famous Dunhuang collector Li Shengduo李盛鐸 (1856-1937) who was then a high official during the Qing Dynasty. Li took advantage of his postion and privately stored and collected many works discovered at Dunhuang. This sutra was among those texts. According to Prof.Toshinori Ochiai's research, this text was bought by a Japanese businessman during World War II. It was then stored in an institution of a certain Japanese company, but it was not made accessible to the public. Fortunately, a well-known Japanese historical linguist Dr. Tōru Haneda (1882-1955), was allowed to research the text and recorded it in his description: "A Catalogue of Dunhuang Secret Works." Dr. Tōru Haneda's study was also included in his Catalogue. He also had the text block-printed. This edition is based on photocopies of Dr. Tōru Haneda's collection photocopies No.10-23, P932.During World War II, research had to stop, and the 17 cases of collection were transferred to Hyōgo-ken, Taki-gun, Ōyama-son兵庫縣多紀郡大山村. Later Dr. Tōru Haneda committed them to the care of Dr. Zenryū Tsukamoto 塚本善隆 (1898-1980), and Dr . Zenryū Tsukamoto to Dr. Tairyō Makita 牧田諦亮. In 1998, Dr. Tairyō Makita agreed to make pubic the Catalogue of Danhuang Secret Works. Prof. Ochiai has published a series of studies on this collection. This catalogue has two volumes. In volume I it records 736 works, and volume II lists 432 texts. This represents the same amount as Mr.Wang Chongming's Lishi jianchang dunhuang xueben mulu 李氏鑒藏敦煌寫本目録 of the "Dunhuang yishu sanlu敦煌遺書散録" of the "Dunhuang yishu zongmulu suoyin敦煌遺書總目録索引". From Dr. Haneda catalogue we can get a general idea about Li Shengduo's original text. No.84 of the catalogue says: "the Foshuo Zhaoming pusa jing written in the Six Dynasties." On the margin of page 2 of the photographs (No.10-23) of the Zhaoming pusa jing stored in Haneda Museum has a seal stating: "Dunhuang Stone Cave Secret Works" On the left bottom on page 10 there is a seal reading "Li Shengduo, my family and my relatives make offerings to the Buddha."B. Format of the Zhaoming Pusa jingThe above mentioned depiction which is stored at the Haneda Museum and called "Dr. Haneda's Depiction of the Collections of Historical Documents Unearthed in the Western Regions" contains photographs No.10-23 which end with the characters "the Foshuo Zhaoming Pusa jing ". The size and shape must be similar to the original text. This manuscript has only one scroll. Its cover folio is missing, and it is neatly written in regular-style caligraphy, with some traces of lishu style. One page contains 23 lines to 28 lines. The details are as follows: On the 1st page there are 2 lines (missing line to line 2); on the 2nd, 28 lines (line 3 to 30); on the 3rd, 28 lines (line 31 to 58); on the 4th, 23 lines (line 59 to 81); on the 5th, 23 lines (line 82 to 104); on the 6th, 23 lines (line 105 to 127); on the 7th, 23 lines (line 128 to 150); on the 8th, 3 lines (line 151 to 173); on the 9th, 23 lines (line 174 to 196); on the 10th, 11 lines (line 197 to 207). There are 158 lines with each 17 words,49 lines with 20 words, and 8 lines with 16 words, thus the 207 lines, have a total of 3,565 words.C. Previous Research on the SutraMr Eiichi Matsumoto松本榮一was the first scholar who studied the sutra. In his Dunhuang huade yanjiu敦煌畫的研究 chapter I, section II, there are several pictures, one of them being Ryōchyū's 良忠 "Guang jing xu wen zhuan tong ji觀經序文義傳通記" which cites part of the Zhaoming Pusa jing. Huiyuan, Zhiyi, Jicang, Shandao also list and make comparasions in their notes. They conclude that the pictures are from the Zhaoming Pusa jing. In his ground-breaking contribution at the International Conference commemorating the l00th anniversary of the discovery of Dunhuang caves, Prof. Ochiai discussed the Zhaoming pusa jing and Dr. Haneda's depiction "A Catalogue of Dunhuang Secret Works". He comes to the following conclusions: 1. The Zhaoming pusa jing is listed a "Suspicious or Apocryphal Sutras" in the traditional catalogues. 2. The Zhaoming pusa jing is an important historical document for the Chinese Pure Land Buddhism. 3. The sutra was compiled during a period of intensive debates on Buddhist philosophy, between the early 5th and the middle 6th century.D. The Contents of the Zhaoming Pusa jingThe opening part of the Zhaoming Pusa jing is missing. But we can see that its organization is different from the traditional three-part style: preface, purport and entrusting the circulation of the sutra. It consists of questions and replies between the the Zhaoming pusa and the Buddha. Ānanda 阿難と Śāriputra 舎利佛appear twice. Its doctrinal contents are very complicated, showing influences from such classical sutras as Pure Land, Nirvāṇa-, Prajñāpāramitā-, Saddharmapuṇḍarīka-, Avataṃsaka-, and Vimalakīrti-sūtra. Its main tenet is that the Buddha-nature already exists in everyone's mind. Everyone can reach the highest destination of great wisdom and enlightenment if one sincerely confesses one's sins to the Buddha, strictly obeys religious regulations, believes in retribution, chants the scriptures and the name of the Buddha, bathes in the Prajñā brightness, and enters the Buddha-nature. The purpose of the sutra is to help the common believer to find wisdom and enlightenment, and also to promote morality with the hope of finding happiness in this life and the next rebirths. It can be divided into the following sections: 1. From the beginning to line 19, they are questions and replies between the Zhaoming Pusa and Buhhda. The main teaching is that if a man does not practice love-kindness and obey religious regulations, he cannot maintain his human existence, will not become enlightened and cannot free himself. It will be impossible for him to get enlightened and to free himself, as the Zhaoming Pusa did. 2. Line 20 to line 56: mention all phenomena 萬法i.e., the five senses and consciousness, the six aspects六事 of the mindfulness of breathing, the eighteen characteristics peculiar to the Buddha, and the sixty-two perverted views, etc., arise on the basis of mind. If one sincerely confesses his sins to the Buddha, he will not fall into the hell. 3. Line 57 to line 67: the Zhaoming Pusa asks Buddha about chanting this sutra and praying to the Buddha .Buddha says it can prevent followers from falling into the Three Bad Destinies 三途, and help them to obtain Buddha's wisdom. 4. Line 68 to line 94: relate the story of Aṣatāśatru's killing his father. The sutra teaches us that sincere confession can help get rid of one's sin. It serves as an emphasis of the idea of retribution. 5. Line 95 to line 147: the sutra stresses that all living creatures have the Buddha-nature in their minds. If they listen to or chant this sutra, they will surely attain wisdom. 6. Line 148 to line 207: the Buddha explains why and how one can obtain the Dharma power and teaches the Zhaoming Pusa 250 discipline rules and three thousand monastic regulations 三千威儀.II. The text of the Zhaoming Pusa jing is contained in Li Shengduo's Collection (not summarised here): please refer to the Japanese version of this paper p.86-106.
著者
外山 大介 川原 一仁 山下 實 西山 和夫 水光 正仁 三浦 道雄
出版者
Japanese Society for Food Science and Technology
雑誌
日本食品工業学会誌 (ISSN:00290394)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.40, no.10, pp.713-719, 1993-10-15 (Released:2010-01-20)
参考文献数
13
被引用文献数
3 3

ソバの新しい利用法に着目して,試験の原料にソバ,対照の原料に米,大麦を用いてそれぞれ麹を造り,各酵素活性を測定し,ソバが麹原料として適しているか検討した.次に各麹を用いて仕込んだ味噌について成分分析及び官能検査を行いソバ味噌の特徴を検討した.(1) ソバ麹のα-アミラーゼ及びグルコアミラーゼ活性は他の麹と比較して若干低い値であったが,味噌醸造には十分なものが得られた.(2) ソバ麹の酸性プロテアーゼは,他の麹よりやや高い活性が得られた.一方,中性及びアルカリ性プロテアーゼにおいては,ソバ麹はその他の麹と比較して数倍の活性が得られた.すなわち,原料のC/N比が低いと,中性及びアルカリ性プロテアーゼ活性が高くなるというこれまでの報告を確認できた.(3) 味噌の熟成度の指標であるタンパク質溶解率及び分解率,酸度I及びIIは,ソバ味噌が他の味噌より高い値を示した.(4) 遊離アミノ酸含量もソバ味噌が他の味噌より高い値であった.(5) ソバが有するルチンは,味噌の醸造過程で分解するようであったが,熟成30日目の味噌においても残存することを確認した.(6) 官能検査を行ったところ,ソバ味噌は色について評価が低かったものの,味,香り,組成では他の味噌に比べ遜色がなく,むしろ良い評価を受けた.また,ソバ味噌にはソバそのものの香りがあった.
著者
中村 直人 高石 吉將 荒井 篤 鵜山 淳 近藤 威 岩橋 洋文
出版者
日本脊髄外科学会
雑誌
脊髄外科 (ISSN:09146024)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.32, no.3, pp.329-333, 2018 (Released:2019-01-24)
参考文献数
16

A 49-year-old man with lumbar spinal lipoma was surgically treated because of intractable pain. The lipoma was originally asymptomatic and found incidentally 10 years before. He began to have occasional dysesthesia in the right lower limb 8 years before. The symptom became severe 1 year before he visited our hospital for the first time. The dysesthesia was in the L5 region of his right lower limb. Muscle weakness and urinary incontinence were not found. The magnetic resonance imaging demonstrated low-set conus (L3/L4) associated with spinal lipoma, which extended from the extradural part (from L4/L5 to L5/S1) to the intradural part (from L2/L3 to L3/L4). Computed tomography revealed hypoplasia in the laminae of L4, L5, and S1. We observed him for a year, and the dysesthesia became intolerable while the lipoma size was unchanged. Untethering was performed with L2-L5 laminectomy. The extradural part of the lipoma was completely removed with the adhered dural membrane. The intradural part was detached from dural membrane and partially removed. A GORE-TEX patch was used for dural membrane closure. The mechanism of adult-onset spinal lipoma is considered tethered cord syndrome or spinal cord compression. As spinal lipoma is usually adhered with the spinal cord, the appropriate surgical strategy seems to be untethering and partial resection of the lipoma.
著者
金子 修一
出版者
国学院大学中国学会
雑誌
国学院中国学会報 (ISSN:09188819)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.65, pp.1-16, 2019-12
著者
福嶋 直弥 鈴木 美紀 小川 諒 林 北見 高梨 潤一 大橋 高志
出版者
日本神経学会
雑誌
臨床神経学 (ISSN:0009918X)
巻号頁・発行日
pp.cn-001078, (Released:2017-10-26)
参考文献数
23
被引用文献数
2 21

症例は20歳女性.11歳時に急性散在性脳脊髄炎を発症し,その後,再発を繰り返した.17歳時には片側大脳皮質にFLAIR高信号を伴う痙攣発作で入院.18歳時に血清抗ミエリンオリゴデンドロサイト糖蛋白質(myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein; MOG)抗体陽性と判明した.今回,多相性散在性脳脊髄炎(multiphasic disseminated encephalomyelitis; MDEM)の診断で当科に入院した.抗MOG抗体陽性例でMDEMがみられることは以前から知られているが,近年,痙攣を伴う片側大脳皮質脳炎を来すことが報告された.本症例のように両方の病態を呈した症例の報告はなく,抗MOG抗体の関連する自己免疫疾患の病態を考える上で興味深い.
著者
井上 涼 森 拓郎 田中 圭 瀧 裕 五十田 博
出版者
一般社団法人 日本建築学会
雑誌
日本建築学会技術報告集 (ISSN:13419463)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.26, no.64, pp.917-922, 2020-10-20 (Released:2020-10-20)
参考文献数
14
被引用文献数
6

In order to continue using wooden houses after the earthquake, it is necessary to accurately judge the damage level and make appropriate repairs. Therefore, an evaluation index for estimating the experience deformation from the damage situation of interior and exterior finishes is proposed. When evaluating the finish damage level of the static resisting wall test and the shaking table test, it was found that internal finish damage was more accurately estimated than external ones. When the cloth was torn along the gypsum board joint, the deformation was classified as D2 level damage.
著者
高市 清治
出版者
日経BP社
雑誌
日経ものづくり (ISSN:13492772)
巻号頁・発行日
no.790, pp.98-100, 2020-07

在宅勤務/リモートワークやビデオ会議によって出社や国内外の出張の負荷が軽減される─。新型コロナウイルス感染症(新型コロナ)が製造業に与えた影響と変化についてのアンケート調査からは、このような現場の期待が浮かび上がった。自由意見では、「感染防…
著者
Sy Rody G Cutiongco Eva Maria C Punzalan1 Felix Eduardo R Santos Ronald S Geronimo Francis Ruel B Tangco Rogelio V
出版者
一般社団法人 日本動脈硬化学会
雑誌
Journal of Atherosclerosis and Thrombosis (ISSN:13403478)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.14, no.3, pp.116-121, 2007
被引用文献数
9

Aim: Background: HDL-C has emerged as an important independent predictor of cardiovascular disease. The FNRI-HDL and NNHes Study Group in the Philippines reported that there was a high prevalence of low HDL among Filipinos. Most cases of low HDL-C are associated with secondary causes like Metabolic Syndrome. A primary cause of reduced HDL-C such as increase Cholesteryl Ester Transfer Protein activity has been identified. Objectives: 1. To determine the phenotype and frequency of Cholesteryl Ester Transfer Protein (TaqIB) polymorphism among Filipinos with cardiovascular risk factors. 2. To determine the association of TaqIB polymorphism with HDL-C levels among Filipinos with cardiovascular risk factors. Design: Cross-sectional Study. Setting: University of the Philippines-Philippine General Hospital. Statistical Analysis: Descriptive statistics, Chi square test and Fisher's correlation test using Stata version 6.<BR>Methods: Fifty patients were included in this pilot study and were examined with respect to genotype, lipid profiles, blood sugar and other cardiovascular risk factors. Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR), Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphism (RFLP) and Agarose Gel Electrophoresis techniques were used to determine the CETP TaqIB Polymorphism.<BR>Results: Out of 50 patients, 66% were females and 34% were males with a mean age of 55 y/o and a BMI of 27 kg/m&sup2;. The following risk factors were identified: hypertension (92%), dyslipidemia (88%), obesity (68%), smoking (50%), diabetes mellitus type 2 (18%) and family history of premature CAD (14%). The genotype frequencies of B1B1; B1B2; B2B2 were 40%; 50% 10% respectively. The B1B1 homozygote was associated with lower HDL-C levels (45.35 &plusmn; 8.82 mg/dL) compared to B1B2 (48.96 &plusmn; 10.10 mg/dL) and B2B2 (48.99 &plusmn; 10.13 mg/dL)). <BR>Conclusions: Cholesteryl Ester Transfer Protein (TaqIB) Polymorphisms exist among Filipinos with cardiovascular risk factors. The frequency of TaqIB polymorphism among Filipinos with cardiovascular risk factors were B1B1 (40%), B1B2 (50%) and B2B2 (10%). B1B1 polymorphism is more common than B2B2 and associated with low HDL-C.
著者
志田山 了一 迎 伸彦 松尾 琴美 井上 徹英 西岡 憲吾
雑誌
熱傷 (ISSN:0285113X)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.23, no.2, pp.81-87, 1997-06-15
参考文献数
16
被引用文献数
3
著者
満丸 望 平川 信洋 山田 道廣 八谷 瑞紀 大田尾 浩
出版者
公益社団法人 佐賀県理学療法士会
雑誌
理学療法さが (ISSN:21889325)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.4, no.1, pp.1-6, 2018-01-31 (Released:2018-06-06)
参考文献数
15

[目的]一枚のテーピングを足関節に貼付し,立位バランスへ及ぼす効果を検証した。[対象]対象は健常な若年成人41名(平均年齢18.9±0.3歳,男性28名,女性13名)とした。[方法]すべての対象者に 2 条件(テーピングなしとテーピングあり)を設定し,それぞれの足圧中心移動軌跡を測定し,裸足のノーマル群(N 群)とテーピングを施した介入群(I 群)で足圧中心移動軌跡を比較した。足圧中心移動軌跡は,安静立位および両足つま先立ち位で測定した。[結果]安静立位では N 群と I 群とのあいだに有意差は認められなかった。一方で,両足つま先立ち位では N 群と I 群とのあいだに総軌跡長(N 群:177.06±51.60 cm,I 群:158.05±35.81 cm)および単位軌跡長(N 群:5.90±1.72 cm/sec,I 群:5.27±1.19 cm/sec)において有意差(p <0.01)が認められた。[結語]一枚のテーピングを足関節へ貼付することで,不安定な立位を安定させる効果がある。
著者
Akira Takagi Satoko Ohfuji Takashi Nakano Hideaki Kumihashi Munehide Kano Toshihiro Tanaka
出版者
Japan Epidemiological Association
雑誌
Journal of Epidemiology (ISSN:09175040)
巻号頁・発行日
pp.JE20200233, (Released:2020-10-24)
参考文献数
17
被引用文献数
9

Background: Mumps deafness causes serious problems, and incidence data are needed to identify its disease burden. However, such data are limited, and the reported incidence is highly variable. Nationwide studies in Japan with a large age range are lacking.Methods: This was a retrospective observational investigation of the 2005–2017 mumps burden using employment-based health insurance claims data. Data were analyzed for 5,190,326 people aged 0–64 years to estimate the incidence of mumps deafness.Results: Of 68,112 patients with mumps (36,423 males; 31,689 females), 102 (48 males; 54 females) developed mumps deafness—an incidence of 15.0 per 10,000 patients (1 in 668 patients). Fifty-four (52.9%) patients had mumps deafness in childhood (0–15 years), and 48 (47.1%) had mumps deafness in adolescence and adulthood (16–64 years); most cases occurred in childhood, the peak period for mumps onset. The incidence of mumps deafness per 10,000 patients was 73.6 in adolescence and adulthood, 8.4 times higher than the incidence of 8.8 in childhood (P < 0.001). In childhood, the incidence of mumps deafness was 7.2 times higher among 6–15-year-olds (13.8 [95% CI, 10.2-18.2]) than among 0–5-year-olds (1.9 [95% CI, 0.6-4.5]), and this difference was statistically significant (P < 0.001). No sex difference was observed.Conclusions: The incidence of mumps deafness per 10,000 patients aged 0–64 years was 15.0 (1 in 668 patients). A secondary risk of deafness following mumps virus infection was identified not only for children, but also for adolescents and adults.
著者
徐 方啓
出版者
近畿大学商経学会
雑誌
商経学叢 = Shokei-gakuso: Journal of Business Studies (ISSN:04502825)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.61, no.2, pp.11-23, 2014-12-01

[要約] アルフレッド・チャンドラーは「組織は戦略に従う」という仮説を作って, 経営学界に注目された. その後, イゴール・アンゾフは「戦略は組織に従う」を提唱して, 経営学界で議論を引き起こした. 筆者は, 戦略と組織はどちらが優先にするかをめぐる議論に加えるつもりはないが, 実例をもって検証したい. そのため, 筆者は近年台頭している三一重工という中国企業の成長から経営戦略の形成プロセスを検証した. それによると, 実のビジネス社会では, 経営戦略を持たなかった時期も, 意図的ではないにもかかわらず技術戦略を作った時期もある一方, 競争に勝って持続的に成長するために, 必然的に事業戦略と国際化戦略を作った時期もあることが分かった. [Abstract] Formulating the hypothesis of "Organization follows strategy", Alfred D. Chandler, Jr. was noted in management academia. Seventeen years later, H. Igor Ansoff proposed the hypothesis of "Strategy follows the structure of organization",which caused controversy in the same academic world. The author has no intention to join in that debate on which should come before which; instead, he investigated a practical example. The author researched the formation process of a management strategy by looking into the growth of Sany Heavy Industry, a Chinese company that has been on the rise in recent years. The research showed that in the real society, the company sometimes had no management strategy and at other times it ended up adopting a technological strategy although it did not plan to do so. Furthermore, the research revealed that there were times when the Chinese enterprise, aiming to win competitions and sustain its growth, developed business and global strategies.
著者
赤津 裕康 土井 愛美 正木 克由規 田中 創始 兼松 孝好 小嶋 雅代 明石 惠子 岩田 彰 鈴木 匡 木村 和哲 浅井 清文 間辺 利江 大原 隆弘 竹尾 淳 川出 義浩 木村 雄子 近藤 麻央 伊藤 禎芳 長野 弘季 野崎 耀志郎
出版者
一般社団法人 日本老年医学会
雑誌
日老医誌 (ISSN:03009173)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.55, no.3, pp.358-366, 2018
被引用文献数
2

<p><b>目的:</b>今後の超高齢社会を乗り切っていく重要な1つの方策は意識改革である.その要になるのはヘルスケア・メディケーションを行いつつ自らの最終ゴールを見つめる,即ちアドバンスケアプランニング(Advance care planning:以下ACPと略す)と事前指示(Advance directive:以下Adと略す)を行うことである.また,パーソナルヘルスレコード(Personal Health Record:以下PHRと略す)の匿名開示,病理解剖はあまり言及されていない.しかし,死後のことも事前に考え,意向を聞いておく環境整備も必要である.この死後対応を含めたAd/ACPの啓発・浸透が国民の意識改革にもなっていく.本研究は地域住民の意識をアンケート形式で把握し,講演(啓発活動)での変容を捉えることを目的とした.<b>方法:</b>高齢化の進む大都市旧ニュータウン住民へAd/ACP啓発講演を行い,その前後での意識調査を行った.意識調査はアンケートでの自記式4択を主体に末期認知症になった状況を主に想定した6大項目,38問を設けた.<b>結果:</b>参加者は35名(男7名,女22名)で40歳代~80代以上で70歳代が25名であった.途中退出者が数名発生したため,前後変容に関しては,統計的解析は不可能であったが意識変容の傾向は得られた.特に死後の対応(献体)に関しては有意差をもった意識変化を認めた.また蘇生・延命の希望者数と救急搬送希望者数に乖離を認めた.<b>結論:</b>医療行為への希望・不安はその情報量に加え,置かれた状況でも変容する.今回の意識調査で,死後の社会貢献意識に講演前後で変化が観られた.また蘇生・延命と救急搬送は別物と捉える地域住民が多い点も明らかとなった.今後のAd/ACPの普及,意識改革では,この点を念頭においた地道な活動と医療・介護者,地域の方々,家族,本人との連携が必要である.</p>
著者
甲田 勝康 河野 比良夫 中村 晴信 奥田 豊子
出版者
関西医科大学
雑誌
基盤研究(B)
巻号頁・発行日
2003

「適応能」は生理人類学の中心的概念の一つである。ヒトはその歴史のほとんどを自然環境の中で過ごし、その環境に適応してきた。その結果、様々な生理的多型性が生まれヒトは全世界に分布した。諸民族の問にエネルギー代謝の違いがあることが報告されている。動物性タンパクや脂肪摂取の多いイヌイットは高い代謝水準によって寒さを凌ぎ、食糧事情の悪いアンデス高地の住民は代謝増大をできるだけ抑え断熱型の反応をする。しかし、このような相違が遺伝的要因により決定されるものなのか、もしくは短期的な機能馴化によるものなのかは十分には解明されていない。今回我々は、短期的な絶食および食事制限がエネルギー代謝や他の生理機能にどのような影響をおよぼすかについて検討し、ヒトの環境適応の過程にについて考察した。労働者の健康増進を目的として、軽度肥満者や軽度高脂血症者または健常者に餌や運動指導を行っている企業がある。本研究は、この企業の健康増進活動に参加したものを対象として行われた。対象者を中等度摂取エネルギー制限群および軽度摂取エネルギー制限群の二群に分け、摂取エネルギー以外の健康指導は両群とも同じとした。呼吸商は、エネルギー制限により低下し、エネルギー源が経口の炭水化物から体脂肪に移行していることが示唆された。基礎代謝量も減少し、その程度は中等度制限群において軽度制限群より大きかった。また、この基礎代謝の変化は体重の変化よりも大きかった。このことからエネルギー制限により、基礎代謝は敏速に減少することが確認された。さらに動物を用いた実験系で検証した。その結果、短期の絶食により代謝系を含む生理機能が変化することが観察された。この研究成果は、国内および国際学会で報告し、国内および国際誌上に発表した。以上のごとく、本研究は目的を達成することができた。