著者

OSAMU KONDO MEGUMI TASHIRO YUTAKA MIYAKE

出版者

The Anthropological Society of Nippon

雑誌

Anthropological Science (ISSN:09187960)

巻号頁・発行日

pp.220122, (Released:2022-05-24)

被引用文献数

1

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Although early Neolithic Anatolia is a key region for the development of sedentary society by modern humans, osteological studies are limited to specimens from the later period or from other regions such as southern Levant. We examined nearly 100 human skeletal remains from Hasankeyf Höyük, a Pre-Pottery Neolithic A (PPNA) site in southeastern Anatolia, which were uncovered during an excavation between 2011 and 2015. A total of 124 individuals were identified as belonging to the Neolithic period. The adult/subadult ratio was close to 1:1, and the sex proportion was skewed towards an abundance in males. A few stature estimates fell within the variation range for Natufian and Neolithic peoples in the southern Levant and Anatolia. The estimated life expectancy was below 30, from 27 to 30 years old, based on age criteria related to dental wear stage. On the basis of dentognathic evidence, the skeletons exhibited heavy occlusal wear for their age, with a lot of obliquely slanted occlusal surfaces and enamel chipping. The observed oral health and dental abrasion patterns are discussed with regards to the people’s biological/behavioral adaptations to the environment, such as the nutritional quality of their diet, alimentary customs, or any indications that the teeth were used as a ‘third hand.’ The Hasankeyf Höyük people are considered to represent very early sedentary villagers in southeast Anatolia who would not have initiated the domestication of plants and animals.

著者

塩瀬 隆之 水野 大二郎 森下 静香

出版者

公益社団法人 計測自動制御学会

雑誌

計測と制御 (ISSN:04534662)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.51, no.11, pp.1076-1078, 2012-11-10 (Released:2020-04-23)

参考文献数

2

被引用文献数

1

著者

小濱 隆文

出版者

日本補完代替医療学会

雑誌

日本補完代替医療学会誌 (ISSN:13487922)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.7, no.1, pp.17-24, 2010 (Released:2010-04-02)

参考文献数

16

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フランス海岸松樹皮抽出物(ピクノジェノール)のホルモン治療における副作用改善効果を検討するため,子宮筋腫,月経困難症および子宮内膜症を主訴とする患者で,Gn-RH analogue 療法(G 投与群),中等量ホルモン投与療法(M 投与群)および低容量ホルモン投与療法(L 投与群)を行っている患者に対し,ピクノジェノール (P) を治療中および治療後にかけて併用投与した(G+P 投与群;8 名,M+P 投与群;8 名,L+P 投与群;17 名).同様のホルモン療法を施行し,ピクノジェノールを投与しない患者を対照群(G 投与群=14 人,M 投与群=13 人および L 投与群=23 人)とした.継続的なピクノジェノール併用投与により,G+P 投与群では,関節痛および倦怠感の軽減,治療後の月経困難症の再発予防効果が認められ,M+P 投与群および L+P 投与群では,ピクノジェノール投与による,浮腫ならびに体重増加の抑制効果が認められた.以上より,ピクノジェノールは,従来の月経困難症,子宮内膜症のホルモン療法の副作用の改善,ならびに症状の再発予防の効果を有するものと考えられた.

著者

橋本 剛 鈴木 健次 長野 和雄 石井 仁 兼子 朋也 堀越 哲美

出版者

日本建築学会

雑誌

日本建築学会環境系論文集 (ISSN:13480685)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.75, no.656, pp.907-913, 2010-10-30 (Released:2011-02-16)

参考文献数

24

被引用文献数

2 3

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The objective of this study is to clarify the effect of a series of windbreaks on the microclimate in a settlement. Horage settlement is located in Tsukuba City where the seasonal cold wind called“Tsukuba-Oroshi”blows in winter, and that settlement is surrounded with windbreaks. Field observations of air temperature, humidity, wind direction and velocity were conducted in winter of 2006 and 2007. The protecting effect of windbreaks against the seasonal prevailing wind was observed clearly in the daytime when the strong wind blew in the observation area. Wind velocity in the built-up area was decreased with about 45% of that in the outside of the settlement. The heat island appeared clearly in the early morning and at night when the wind was weak or calm. Daily ranges of air temperature were small in the northeast area covered with dense windbreak woods.

著者

一ノ瀬 正和

出版者

一般社団法人 日本内科学会

雑誌

日本内科学会雑誌 (ISSN:00215384)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.97, no.6, pp.1206-1213, 2008 (Released:2012-08-02)

参考文献数

9

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COPD患者は咳,痰,労作時息切れなどの症状があっても,加齢現象と考えてあまり訴えないので,医師が積極的にスパイロメトリーを行い,早期にCOPDを見出す姿勢が大切である.気管支拡張薬吸入後の一秒率が70%未満で他の閉塞性疾患(喘息,気管支拡張症等)を否定することでCOPDの診断ができる.補助検査として,胸部写真やCTといった画像に加え,肺拡散能検査が有用である.

著者

佐々木 正

出版者

一般社団法人 映像情報メディア学会

雑誌

テレビジョン学会誌 (ISSN:03866831)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.39, no.1, pp.29-32, 1985-01-20 (Released:2011-03-14)

著者

酒井 弘憲

出版者

公益社団法人 日本薬学会

雑誌

ファルマシア (ISSN:00148601)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.51, no.12, pp.1168-1169, 2015 (Released:2018-08-26)

参考文献数

1

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早くも師走である.昨年の連載では,仲良しの某旧帝大教授の忘年会での散財の話を書いたが,今年もその季節がやってきた.基本的にビールが苦手な筆者であるが,気候のせいか,雰囲気のせいか,海外に行くと比較的ビールを飲むようになる.特に英国では,最初の一杯はまずギネスというのが定番である.ギネスと言えばビールだけでなく世界記録を思い浮かべる人も多いだろう.筆者も中学生のときにバンクーバーに住む伯母からGuinness World Recordsを送ってもらい,分からない単語だらけなので辞書を引き引き,それでもワクワクしながら読んだことを思い出す.1955年に初めて出版されたWorld Recordsであるが,現在では出版事業はギネス社の手を離れ,HIT Entertainment社に引き継がれている.さて,そのギネス醸造所であるが,Wikipediaによると歴史は古く,1756年にアイルランドのダブリンで創業され,1759年にその頃使われなくなっていたセント・ジェームズ・ゲート醸造所を年45ポンドの対価で9,000年間借り受けるという超長期の賃貸契約を結び,それ以来この醸造所で変わらずに黒スタウトビールを造り続けているということらしい.スタウトビールとは,いわゆる上面発酵の黒ビールであるが,日本の黒ビールの多くはラガーと同じ下面発酵である.この黒ビールは見かけによらず,低カロリーで,1パイント(日本の大ジョッキと中ジョッキの間くらいの量)で僅か200kcal程度なのである.実は,このギネス社,統計家にとっては格別な会社なのである.

著者

三島 敦夫

出版者

安全工学会

雑誌

安全工学 (ISSN:05704480)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.30, no.1, pp.18-32, 1991-02-15 (Released:2017-09-30)

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石炭灰は日本国内で年間約540万t発生しており,そのうち約400万tが石炭火力発電所からの発生である.今後のエネルギー需要からその発生量は増大が見込まれている.現在その過半数は埋め立て処分されており,有効利用率は50%弱である.有効利用のおもなものはセメントの原料,混和材である,今後の石炭灰の発生量の増大に対して有効利用の拡大を図る必要がある、電力会社も自らゲイ酸カリ肥料,人工軽量骨材,乾式脱硫材などの開発を行い事業化している,またセメント分野での用途拡大にも努めている.最近の地球環境の問題からも,廃棄物の削減,資源化が不可欠の課題となっており,利用技術開発のほかに利用上のソフトの整備などの各方面の協力が必要である.

著者

森次 幸男 和田 耕治 池田 俊也

出版者

一般社団法人 日本医薬品情報学会

雑誌

医薬品情報学 (ISSN:13451464)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.23, no.4, pp.166-177, 2022-02-28 (Released:2022-05-27)

参考文献数

14

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Objective: The purpose of this study was to assess the opinions of healthcare professional regarding the contributions of the Medical Affairs department. Furthermore, we aimed to identify factors influencing and reasons for the contributions in the new coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic situation.Design/Methods: A web-based survey was conducted among healthcare professionals (Key Opinion Leader/Key Thought Leader, KOL/KTL) who had multiple contacts with the Medical Affairs department, Japan.Results: The responses of 141 KOL/KTLs in Japan were collected; 77.3% of the respondents indicated that the contributions of the Medical Affairs department exceeded their expectations (achieved the expected level of contribution). The most common responses were “the identification of unmet medical needs” and “the dissemination of medical and scientific information, providing advanced medical and scientific information;” other responses included “promoting sales of the company's drugs.” The requests from KOL/KTLs regarding quality were “knowledge about biological and clinical statistics” and “proposal and quick response ability from the perspective of medical staff and patients,” but these responses were partially different between physicians and pharmacists. COVID-19 has resulted in substantial changes, for example, “face-to-face” interactions have significantly decreased from 91.5 to 50.4% and “Online” interactions have significantly increased from 20.6 to 70.9%. However, the effects of the declaration of emergency state could not be identified. The KOL/KTLs requested to make the meeting times more appropriate, conduct in-depth two-way discussions, provide latest information, and discuss about professional manners and behaviors.Conclusion: In summary, regardless of the changes in the types of activities caused by COVID-19, the Medical Affairs department has made substantial contributions to healthcare professionals, who highly appreciated them. Furthermore, depending on responses of individuals whose expectations could not be met, areas of improvements have been suggested.

著者

川橋 範子

出版者

日本文化人類学会

雑誌

民族學研究 (ISSN:24240508)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.68, no.3, pp.394-412, 2003-12-30 (Released:2018-03-22)

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「文明化」された場所での「未開」の人々の展示が永続的な権力の不均衡をもたらす、とのクリフォードの主張はよく知られている。「エキゾティックな展示」の歴史は、地域研究において特にジェンダー化されて現れることが多い。欧米の日本研究においては現在でも植民地主義的フェミニズムの表象が流通しており、オリエンタリズム批判は充分有効であるといえる。近年、宗教研究の分野では、中絶された胎児である水子の供養儀礼をめぐって、日本の女性を胎児の崇りに怯える無抵抗な「異質な他者」と描くテキストが多くの支持を得ている。これは現在でもフェミニスト宗教研究に影響力をもつM.ディリーが女性と宗教に関する言説のなかで、非西洋の女性たちを受動的な犠牲者として不均衡な力関係のなかに封じこめて描いてしまったことと同質である。本稿では、地域研究、フェミニズム、宗教学、ポストコロニアル批判などのジャンルが交差する地点で、日本の女性と宗教をめぐる表象の問いに焦点をしぼり、地域研究がどのように「差異」を実体化して、「我々」から切り離された「どこか遠くの女性たち」という「他者」をつくりだすことに加担してきたか、を批判的に考察したい。この試みを通じて、フェミニスト民族誌の再編の一可能性を探っていく。

著者

武岡 暢

出版者

日本都市社会学会

雑誌

日本都市社会学会年報 (ISSN:13414585)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.2011, no.29, pp.59-75, 2011-09-07 (Released:2012-12-19)

参考文献数

15

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The aim of this paper is to approach “the problem of order of subcultural groups", derived from Claude S. Fischer's “Subcultural Theory of Urbanism", by analyzing a shopping center organization in Mid-Tokyo's amusement district, Kabukichô. “The problem of order of subcultural groups" can be summarized as the problem of how urban society, consisting of various subcultural groups, can avoid collapsing despite its presence within a highly unstable situation. For this purpose of this study, the following methods were adopted: (1) interviewing members of the shopping center organization, shop-owners, officers of the local government and the police, (2) participant observation in various activities such as meetings and patrol activities of the shopping center organizations and (3) surveying official/unofficial documents and statistics. It was found that the shopping center organization in Kabukichô has dualistic organization, consisting of both “The Shopping Center Promotion Union" and “Chô-kai-s (communities of shoppers)". Under dualistic organization, the shopping center organization has dual membership criteria and activity zoning. It has a Janus-like nature to it, which is to say, a nature that mediates between the sex industries and the local government that tries to avoid them at any cost. Because of its dualistic organization, the shopping center organization can achieve a very delicate balance between various actors under the situation that Kabukichô accommodates many sex industries.

著者

明貝 怜美 澤井 夏海 須藤 洋行 佐藤 宏樹 藤田 行代志 三島 八重子 木﨑 速人 堀 里子 澤田 康文

出版者

一般社団法人 日本医薬品情報学会

雑誌

医薬品情報学 (ISSN:13451464)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.24, no.1, pp.11-16, 2022-05-31 (Released:2022-06-11)

参考文献数

7

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Objective: Pharmacists at insurance pharmacies play an important role in the pharmaceutical care of outpatients receiving cancer chemotherapy. This study aimed to clarify the actual status of insurance pharmacies' involvement in cancer chemotherapy and associated issues, based on an analysis of prescription inquiries made to doctors by pharmacists at an insurance pharmacy.Design: This was a retrospective observational study.Methods: The data was collected in one insurance pharmacy, which received prescriptions mainly from Gunma Prefectural Cancer Center. Among 2, 258 inquiries recorded from January 2015 to May 2018, inquires related to oral anticancer drugs or supportive care medicine were extracted. The frequency of inquiries for each item, or the frequencies of factors that lead to inquiries were calculated. Inquiries considered to have potentially led to the prevention or avoidance of adverse drug reactions (ADRs), so-called “preavoidance” inquiries, were also extracted.Results: Four hundred and forty inquiries related to 20 oral anticancer drugs were included in the analysis. The prescriptions were changed after 92.7% of all prescription inquiries. Prescription inquiries for drugs with rest periods were more frequent than those for drugs without rest periods. The most common inquiries were about the medication schedules stated on the prescription, followed by inquiries about supportive care drugs. Approximately 60% of the pharmacy inquiries were related to“pre-avoidance”inquiries. Most of the pre-avoidance inquiries concerned prevention of ADRs, though these inquiries also contributed to“reduction or avoidance of mental anxiety”. The prescription inquiries were triggered by information collected by pharmacists from patient interviews and from medication histories.Conclusion: Our findings suggest that inquiries to the prescribing doctors by pharmacists at insurance pharmacies contribute significantly to the appropriate use of anticancer drugs.

著者

村松 駿 茅野 伸吾 佐藤 和宏

出版者

特定非営利活動法人 日本CT技術学会

雑誌

日本CT技術学会雑誌 (ISSN:24342769)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.8, no.3, pp.1, 2020 (Released:2020-09-07)

参考文献数

34

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重要な要点・ボウタイフィルタの形状で実効エネルギーは変化する.・高精細モード使用時は,ボウタイフィルタが変化しても実効エネルギーは変化しない.・通常モード使用時は,ボウタイフィルタのサイズが大きくなると実効エネルギーが高くなる. 要旨【目的】 超高精細CTにおける撮影モード3種類super high resolution (SHR),high resolution (HR),normal resolution (NR)とボウタイフィルタ2種類 (M), (L)の組み合わせによるX線線質を評価し,造影コントラストの変化を明らかにすることである.【方法】 X線線質の評価は,非接続形X線出力アナライザPiranhaを使用してhalf-value layerを取得し,実効エネルギーに換算して評価した.造影コントラストの評価は,Multi-Enegy (ME) ファントムを使用してヨードロッドのCT値の変化を評価した.【結果】 SHRおよびHRモードの場合,ボウタイフィルタが変化しても回転中心部の実効エネルギーは変わらなかった.NRモードの場合,ボウタイフィルタMのとき実効エネルギーはSHRおよびHRモードと同等であった.ボウタイフィルタLのとき,実効エネルギーはMより有意に高かった.MEファントムのCT値は,SHRおよびHRモード,NRモードでボウタイフィルタMのとき,ほぼ同じ値であったが,NRモードでボウタイフィルタLのときは,わずかに低い値であった.【結語】 NRモードでボウタイフィルタ Lの場合,他のモードに比べて実効エネルギーが高く,その結果CT値が低下する.

著者

及川 充 大塚 正男 森 邦宏 佐藤 昌美 小口 正信

出版者

一般社団法人 照明学会

雑誌

照明学会誌 (ISSN:00192341)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.79, no.8, pp.416-419, 1995-08-01 (Released:2011-07-19)

参考文献数

9

被引用文献数

1

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We statistically studied several problems related to critical flicker fusion frequency (CFF), which was used to design the interlaced scanning method of television systems. Since CFF values closely depend on the physical and mental state of the observer, statistical treatment of data is essential. We studied the difference between up and down discrimination threshold series and the coincidence between CFF values for equal energy colors, mainly by adapting a variance method analysis.

著者

宮本 侑斗 原田 明徳 ビクラマシンハ ナヴィンダ キトマル 宮沢 与和 船曳 孝三

出版者

一般社団法人 日本航空宇宙学会

雑誌

航空宇宙技術 (ISSN:18840477)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.13, pp.1-10, 2014 (Released:2014-02-13)

参考文献数

11

被引用文献数

3 7

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Fuel efficient flight is demanded due to air traffic increase, environmental concerns and skyrocketing fuel prices. To achieve an effective futuristic air traffic management system, realization of TBO (Trajectory Based Operations) optimized from departure to arrival is aimed in CARATS (Collaborative Actions for Renovation of Air Traffic Systems). In this paper, 4-D trajectory of passenger aircraft is optimized for fuel minimization on the assumption that aircraft is not bounded by any air traffic control constraints. BADA (Base of Aircraft Data) model is adopted for aircraft performance model, and dynamic programming is used to calculate the optimal trajectory. The optimal trajectory is compared with airliner’s flight trajectory by evaluating fuel consumption, flight time and flight range. Examples show that considerable amounts of reduction in fuel consumption could be achieved by trajectory optimization compared to the estimated values of actual flights.

著者

田井 梨絵 小倉 勇 眞野 浩行

出版者

日本環境毒性学会

雑誌

環境毒性学会誌 (ISSN:13440667)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.25, pp.32-47, 2022-06-07 (Released:2022-06-07)

参考文献数

51

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To develop ecotoxicity test methods for the ecological impact assessment of cellulose nanofibers (CNFs) in aquatic environments, we summarized the methods and results of ecotoxicity tests used in published articles. We also discussed the points to be considered while conducting ecotoxicity tests for CNFs using aquatic organisms based on the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) guidance document No. 317 for ecotoxicity testing of nanomaterials. In some published articles, no ecological effects of CNFs on aquatic organisms were observed, even when they were exposed to high concentrations of CNFs. In these studies, test organisms may not have been exposed to nominal concentrations of CNFs because of CNF agglomeration and settling caused due to the low dispersion stability of CNFs resulting from the water quality of the test medium. According to the OECD guidance document, attention must be paid toward dispersibility and dispersion stability, effects of feeding, and factors related to adverse effects, analysis, and measurement of CNFs. No literature was found that reported on all these aspects of testing. Future examination of ecological effects of CNFs needs to consider measuring actual exposure concentrations by evaluating dispersibility and dispersion stability of CNFs.

著者

黒石 陽子

出版者

日本近世文学会

雑誌

近世文藝 (ISSN:03873412)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.77, pp.49-54, 2003 (Released:2017-04-28)

出版者

公益社団法人 日本地理学会

雑誌

E-journal GEO (ISSN:18808107)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.17, no.1, pp.155-156, 2022 (Released:2022-06-11)

著者

吉永 治美 小国 弘量

出版者

一般社団法人 日本小児神経学会

雑誌

脳と発達 (ISSN:00290831)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.48, no.2, pp.114-116, 2016 (Released:2016-03-26)

参考文献数

12

著者

大類 伸浩 藤田 真敬 菊川 あずさ 蔵本 浩一郎 小林 朝夫 溝端 裕亮 立花 正一 高田 邦夫 山田 憲彦 別宮 愼也

出版者

航空医学実験隊

雑誌

航空医学実験隊報告 (ISSN:00232858)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.56, no.3, pp.43-66, 2016 (Released:2020-04-11)

参考文献数

127

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Gravity-induced loss of consciousness (G-LOC) is a major threat to fighter pilots and may result in fatal accidents. High +Gz (head-to-foot direction) acceleration force induces cerebral blood loss and results in gray-out, black out, and G-LOC. Countermeasures to avoid G-LOC include anti-G strain maneuver, anti-G suits, and pressure breathing for G, etc. They effectively decrease G-LOC incident, but have not eradicated it. Objective detection of G-LOC related symptoms is the prerequisite. In spite of many G-protective measures, G-LOC monitoring system has yet to be developed. Technologies for non-contact monitoring or motion capture have ventured into health care market. Real time physiological sensing for heart rate, body temperature, respiratory rate, etc, is used to medical, health care, physical fitness and sports area. Those advanced technologies might have potential for future G-LOC monitoring. This article reviews current status and future of countermeasures for G-LOC, and related technologies.