著者

稲葉 佳奈子

出版者

日本スポーツ社会学会

雑誌

スポーツ社会学研究 (ISSN:09192751)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.13, pp.53-67,124, 2005-03-21 (Released:2011-05-30)

参考文献数

33

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本稿は、日本のスポーツとジェンダー研究の新たな視角を提示することを目的とする。日本のスポーツとジェンダーを問題にしたいくつかの研究をとりあげ、それらがスポーツの何を問題にし、それをどのように分析し、スポーツのどこに変容の可能性を見出しているのかという点に注目しながら、これまでの議論を整理した。このとき理論的に依拠しているのは、バトラーの『ジェンダー・トラブル』[1990=1999]におけるジェンダー論である。したがって、本稿が用いるジェンダーという語には、社会的・文化的な「性」のみならず、身体レベルでの「性」が含まれる。これまでの研究によって、スポーツによる/における「男/女」の構築や、それを支えるのが異性愛主義であることなどが明らかにされてきた。それらは日本のスポーツとジェンダー研究の大きな成果である。しかし一方で、本稿がとりあげた先行研究の検討から、それらが異性愛主義の問題性をいかに認識するかという点においていくつかの課題をもっていること、それゆえに、模索されているスポーツの変容の可能性においても、ある「限界」が内包されているということが明らかになった。そうした状況の乗り越えを図るために、以下の結論を示した。変容の可能性は、異性愛主義体制において「男/女」が構築されるときの「失敗」に見出せる。したがって、今後の研究に向けて想定され、日本のスポーツとジェンダー研究におけるもう一つの視角として提示されるのは、異性愛主義体制の「内部」からの「攪乱」である。そのような視角からの理論的検討は、スポーツによる/における「『男/女』の完璧な構築」プロセスでつねにすでに起きているはずの「失敗」を、あるいはその瞬間を、そして「失敗」を生みださずにはいられない体制の非本質性を、理論的に可視化して示してみせることになる。

著者

金 海永 鈴木 陽一 高根 昭一 小澤 賢司 曽根 敏夫

出版者

特定非営利活動法人 日本バーチャルリアリティ学会

雑誌

日本バーチャルリアリティ学会論文誌 (ISSN:1344011X)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.4, no.2, pp.455-460, 1999-06-30 (Released:2017-02-01)

参考文献数

17

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It has been shown that HRTFs (Head Related Transfer Functions) are important cues for judging the absolute auditory distance of a single sound image when the sound source is close to the listener. In order to investigate the role of HRTFs in auditory distance perception more generally, not only the absolute distance of a single sound image but also the relative distances among multiple sound images should be considered. From this point of view, two kinds of psychoacoustical experiments on absolute and relative distance perception were conducted with the same source signals for stimuli. Comparison of the results of the two experiments showed that while the absolutely judged distance of a sound image increases with the actual distance of sound source up to around 1.2 m, the results of the relative auditory distance perception showed that the perceived distance significantly increases up to 2〜3 m. This difference may be attributable to some perceptual information stored in a short-term memory provided by the comparison of auditory distances between multiple sound images, which could offer an additional cue in relative distance perception, and it may be effective to improve the resolution of the distance perception of sound images at longer distance than the limitation in absolute distance perception.

著者

森本 政之

出版者

一般社団法人 日本音響学会

雑誌

日本音響学会誌 (ISSN:03694232)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.34, no.6, pp.356-361, 1978-06-01 (Released:2017-06-02)

被引用文献数

1

著者

中川 功一

出版者

特定非営利活動法人 グローバルビジネスリサーチセンター

雑誌

赤門マネジメント・レビュー (ISSN:13485504)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.6, no.11, pp.577-588, 2007-11-25 (Released:2018-03-05)

参考文献数

10

著者

及川 欧 榊原 雅人

出版者

日本バイオフィードバック学会

雑誌

バイオフィードバック研究 (ISSN:03861856)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.48, no.1, pp.33-38, 2021 (Released:2021-05-19)

参考文献数

12

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コロナ禍の臨床現場では今 「直接触れ合う」 ことを避ける傾向にある. 今まで通りバイオフィードバック治療/施術を行えるように, 著者らは日本バイオフィードバック学会独自の医学系・工学系・心理学系の連携を背景に, 最近日本でよく用いられるようになった遠隔webビデオ会議システムを用いた新しい形の治療法を試案した. 具体的な治療法は, 1990年代から一貫して用いている, 自律訓練法, バイオフィードバック法と呼吸法を組み合わせた方法である. 今回, 5例の冷え症の女性に遠隔治療を試みて症状改善が得られ, その結果をNHKの全国放送で発表した. 時代に応じ, 治療法にICT (Information and Communication Technology) を駆使した新しい試みだが, 治療する/される側, 発信する側/視聴する側それぞれには, 今まで以上にICTを 「適切に」 使いこなすための 「リテラシー」 が要求される. 本稿では, 「リテラシー」 に関する著者らなりの見解を示す.

著者

加藤 宗規

出版者

日本保健科学学会

雑誌

東京保健科学学会誌 (ISSN:13443844)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.1, no.1, pp.71-73, 1998-12-18 (Released:2017-10-27)

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関節可動域測定では、種々の因子により誤差が生じる。また、検者二人での測定や目測の必要性を感じる場面もある。そこで今回、学生が行う関節可動域測定において、角度計を用いた実測と目測の比較を行った。5つの測定項目の平均値の差は5度程度であるが認められた。ばらつきの範囲は目測で15度程度、実測で10度程度となり、目測がやや大きい値を示した。この結果、現時点では目測は実測と同じ結果が得られるとは言い難いが、実測よりやや大きい誤差が許されるようなおおまかな可動域を測定する場合や、姿勢・動作分析や日常生活活動などの際にはこれらの特性を踏まえたうえで目測を用いることができるのではないかと考えられる。

著者

山﨑 善弘

出版者

学校法人 三幸学園 東京未来大学

雑誌

東京未来大学研究紀要 (ISSN:18825273)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.15, pp.245-255, 2021-03-31 (Released:2021-05-26)

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廻在者の取締りを素材に、近世畿内における地域管理体制の具体的様相を、幕府(公儀)・領主・地域社会による対応を見ることで、その全体像を明らかにしようとした。すなわち、従来、近世畿内における地域管理は、専ら地域住民が自立・自主的に行っていたと理解されてきたが、幕府・個別領主・地域住民によってそれぞれ成されており、三者の連携によって効果が上がっていた。そうした地域管理体制の内実の解明に取り組んだ。

著者

Yousuke Hashimoto Yukio Ozaki Shino Kan Koichi Nakao Kazuo Kimura Junya Ako Teruo Noguchi Satoru Suwa Kazuteru Fujimoto Kazuoki Dai Takashi Morita Wataru Shimizu Yoshihiko Saito Atsushi Hirohata Yasuhiro Morita Teruo Inoue Atsunori Okamura Toshiaki Mano Minoru Wake Kengo Tanabe Yoshisato Shibata Mafumi Owa Kenichi Tsujita Hiroshi Funayama Nobuaki Kokubu Ken Kozuma Shiro Uemura Tetsuya Tobaru Keijiro Saku Shigeru Oshima Satoshi Yasuda Tevfik F Ismail Takashi Muramatsu Hideo Izawa Hiroshi Takahashi Kunihiro Nishimura Yoshihiko Miyamoto Hisao Ogawa Masaharu Ishihara on behalf of J-MINUET Investigators

出版者

The Japanese Circulation Society

雑誌

Circulation Journal (ISSN:13469843)

巻号頁・発行日

pp.CJ-20-1115, (Released:2021-06-03)

参考文献数

31

被引用文献数

19

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Background:The impact of chronic kidney disease (CKD) on long-term outcomes following acute myocardial infarction (AMI) in the era of modern primary PCI with optimal medical therapy is still in debate.Methods and Results:A total of 3,281 patients with AMI were enrolled in the J-MINUET registry, with primary PCI of 93.1% in STEMI. CKD stage on admission was classified into: no CKD (eGFR ≥60 mL/min/1.73 m2); moderate CKD (60>eGFR≥30 mL/min/1.73 m2); and severe CKD (eGFR <30 mL/min/1.73 m2). While the primary endpoint was all-cause mortality, the secondary endpoint was major adverse cardiac events (MACE), defined as a composite of all-cause death, cardiac failure, myocardial infarction (MI) and stroke. Of the 3,281 patients, 1,878 had no CKD, 1,073 had moderate CKD and 330 had severe CKD. Pre-person-days age- and sex-adjusted in-hospital mortality significantly increased from 0.014% in no CKD through 0.042% in moderate CKD to 0.084% in severe CKD (P<0.0001). Three-year mortality and MACE significantly deteriorated from 5.09% and 15.8% in no CKD through 16.3% and 38.2% in moderate CKD to 36.7% and 57.9% in severe CKD, respectively (P<0.0001). C-index significantly increased from the basic model of 0.815 (0.788–0.841) to 0.831 (0.806–0.857), as well as 0.731 (0.708–0.755) to 0.740 (0.717–0.764) when adding CKD stage to the basic model in predicting 3-year mortality (P=0.013; net reclassification improvement [NRI] 0.486, P<0.0001) and MACE (P=0.046; NRI 0.331, P<0.0001) respectively.Conclusions:CKD remains a useful predictor of in-hospital and 3-year mortality as well as MACE after AMI in the modern PCI and optimal medical therapy era.

著者

Takumi Honda Takemasa Miyoshi

出版者

Meteorological Society of Japan

雑誌

SOLA (ISSN:13496476)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.17, pp.113-119, 2021 (Released:2021-06-01)

参考文献数

38

被引用文献数

1

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In July 2018, record-breaking heavy precipitation caused catastrophic disasters in west Japan. This study investigated the predictability of this precipitation event using a regional ensemble data assimilation system. A series of daily ensemble forecast experiments showed that the forecast ensemble spread during the heavy precipitation event increased in the forecasts initialized on 1 July and 3 July. The first peak of the forecast ensemble spread was associated with the uncertain track forecast of Typhoon Prapiroon. Namely, about a half of the ensemble members predicted eastward recurvature of the typhoon, whereas the other members predicted that the typhoon stayed near China. The later peak was associated with the southern convective disturbances near the Ryukyu Islands. Composite analysis and ensemble-based correlations showed that more active convective activities corresponded to a stronger cyclonic circulation and pushed the main precipitation band northward. The results implied that Prapiroon and the southern convective disturbances played important roles in the July 2018 heavy rain event and largely contributed to its predictability.

著者

Kenju Kobachi Sota Kuno Shinya Sato Kenta Sumiyama Michiyuki Matsuda Kenta Terai

出版者

Japan Society for Cell Biology

雑誌

Cell Structure and Function (ISSN:03867196)

巻号頁・発行日

pp.20010, (Released:2020-06-25)

被引用文献数

2 13

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Tissue absorbance, light scattering, and autofluorescence are significantly lower in the near-infrared (NIR) range than in the visible range. Because of these advantages, NIR fluorescent proteins (FPs) are in high demand for in vivo imaging. Nevertheless, application of NIR FPs such as iRFP is still limited due to their dimness in mammalian cells. In contrast to GFP and its variants, iRFP requires biliverdin (BV) as a chromophore. The dimness of iRFP is at least partly due to rapid reduction of BV by biliverdin reductase A (BLVRA). Here, we established biliverdin reductase-a knockout (Blvra-/-) mice to increase the intracellular BV concentration and, thereby, to enhance iRFP fluorescence intensity. As anticipated, iRFP fluorescence intensity was significantly increased in all examined tissues of Blvra-/- mice. Similarly, the genetically encoded calcium indicator NIR-GECO1, which is engineered based on another NIR FP, mIFP, exhibited a marked increase in fluorescence intensity in mouse embryonic fibroblasts derived from Blvra-/- mice. We expanded this approach to an NIR light-sensing optogenetic tool, the BphP1-PpsR2 system, which also requires BV as a chromophore. Again, deletion of the Blvra gene markedly enhanced the light response in HeLa cells. These results indicate that the Blvra-/- mouse is a versatile tool for the in vivo application of NIR FPs and NIR light-sensing optogenetic tools. Key words: in vivo imaging, near-infrared fluorescent protein, biliverdin, biliverdin reductase, optogenetic tool

著者

小川 眞里子

出版者

日本生命倫理学会

雑誌

生命倫理 (ISSN:13434063)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.3, no.1, pp.66-70, 1993-07-20 (Released:2017-04-27)

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「なぜ生物は死ぬのか」という問いには、二つの局面がある。一つは老化や死の原因を問うもので、二つめは、生物が死ぬべく運命づけられている理由を問うものである。本論のねらいは、これらの疑問に生物学がどう答えてきたかを歴史的に明らかにしようとするものである。第一点については、自然死と事故死を区別してかからねばならない。古代ギリシャ時代から、自然哲学者にしろ生物学者にしろ、基本的には自然死すなわち老化過程を扱ってきており、一般に、老化過程は何ものかが失われていく過程として捉えられてきた。第二点については、ドイツのヴァイスマンが19世紀後半の進化論的考察の中から初めて明らかにしたものである。それによって、死は不可避な、忌むべきことがらではなく、外界によりよく適応するために生物が獲得した進化論的戦術と見なされることになった。

著者

Michiya Igase Toru Mizoguchi Yoichi Ogushi Tetsuro Miki Akira Ueki

出版者

Japanese Society of Anti-Aging Medicine

雑誌

ANTI-AGING MEDICINE (ISSN:18822762)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.7, no.14, pp.167-173, 2010 (Released:2010-12-20)

参考文献数

20

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In the “Brain Aging and Nutrition” symposium at the 2010 10th Scientific Meeting of the Japanese Society of Anti-Aging Medicine, three experts were invited to report recent findings on maintenance of brain health. Speaking on “The association of postural instability with brain atrophy/cognitive impairment”, Dr. Michiya Igase (Department of Geriatric Medicine & Neurology, Ehime University Graduate School of Medicine) described the importance of Anti-Aging examination for early discovery and early treatment of decreased cognitive function according to an Anti-Aging examination, particularly stressing on the importance of preventing frailty in the elderly. Dr. Toru Mizoguchi (Shinjuku Mizoguchi Clinic), speaking on “Improved brain function and nutrition”, discussed how low intake of glucose, amino acids, vitamins, and minerals leads to metabolic abnormalities in the brain and low production of neurotransmitters, which can cause depression and many other psychiatric illnesses not only in the elderly, but in middle age too. In “The brain prefers ketones to carbohydrates as an energy source”, Dr. Yoichi Ogushi (Department of Medical Informatics, Tokai University School of Medicine) presented data showing that a ketotic diet, also known as a low-carbohydrate diet (Atkins' or Bernstein's diet), is safe, and, moreover, that ketones are used as an energy source by the brain. This work suggested that advanced glycosylation end product is a risk factor for Alzheimer's and Perkinson's disease, and that glucose is only utilized after keton bodies by the brain. This notion in turn raises the possibility that a ketotic diet may prevent or slow the progression of Alzheimer's disease.Anti-Aging measures above mentioned may play crucial roles in preventing brain atrophy, cognitive impairment, and depression which are closely related to the aging process. Stable energy supply and adequate nutritional distribution to neurons in the brain are keys to maintain brain function through neuronal survival and biosynthesis of neurotransmitters.

著者

熊田 恵介 村上 啓雄 吉田 実 豊田 泉 小倉 真治 福田 充宏

出版者

一般社団法人 日本臨床救急医学会

雑誌

日本臨床救急医学会雑誌 (ISSN:13450581)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.20, no.1, pp.18-22, 2017-02-28 (Released:2017-02-28)

参考文献数

18

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対象と方法:平成22年1月から平成26年12月末まで5年間の下呂市消防署管轄における入浴関連救急搬送事例と基幹病院へ搬送となった重症事例を対象に,重症度別,月別,時間帯別,要請元・発生場所別ならびに画像を含めた所見を回顧的に検討した。結果:全死亡例のうち入浴関連の割合は35.2%であったこと,月別では冬季に,時間帯別では夜間帯に重症例の発生件数が多かったこと,ホテル・旅館等と自宅等からの要請が多いこと,浴槽内での死亡例が多かったことが明らかとなった。また,重症例では血管系の内因性疾患が多く予後不良で,死後画像診断の実施率は80%で確定診断に至ったものは25.7%であった。考察:地方では温泉地など地域特性を明確化したうえで,関連諸機関が一体となった有効かつ効果的な救急医療支援策を講じておく必要がある。

著者

石黒 千晶 菅野 圭祐

出版者

公益社団法人 日本工学教育協会

雑誌

工学教育 (ISSN:13412167)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.69, no.3, pp.3_73-3_77, 2021 (Released:2021-05-30)

参考文献数

5

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Project-based-Learning is expected to promote students’ teamwork competency. Previous study proposed an instructional method with the peer review of team contribution; however, its effectiveness on teamwork competency was not examined. Therefore, the current study examined whether the instructional method with the peer review of team contribution promotes individuals’ team competency. We provided the instructional method for three classes and ordinary PBL program for the other three classes of freshmen, in which a questionnaire survey has been conducted at the beginning and ending part of the program. The results showed that a part of students’ teamwork competency was promoted through the program, but the peer review decreased students’ fairly response to the other team members.

著者

宇治川 正人

出版者

Japan Society of Kansei Engineering

雑誌

日本感性工学会論文誌 (ISSN:18845258)

巻号頁・発行日

pp.TJSKE-D-15-00057, (Released:2015-10-15)

参考文献数

8

被引用文献数

1 2

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This study reports the results of a subject investigation that was conducted on the cause and effect of the phenomenon known as “kawaii.” To experience that something is “kawaii” is a psychological phenomenon; however, it has not been clarified what type of causes lead to this type of effect. Due to the existence of several opinions regarding what comprises “kawaii,” it is difficult to entirely clarify the topic. Three group interviews were conducted with a total of 30 subjects. The laddering method devised by D. Hinkle was used as the question form, and 15 stimuli were used for the investigation. The causes were classified into “shape,” “behavior or expression,” and “personality ”; the effects were classified into 20 social needs and 16 emotional categories. Regarding the effects of “kawaii,” “happiness” was considerably selected followed by “affiliation” and “nurturance.” Moreover, the relationship between the causes and the effects was further understood.

著者

南 徹弘

出版者

Primate Society of Japan

雑誌

霊長類研究 (ISSN:09124047)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.14, no.2, pp.69-76, 1998 (Released:2009-09-07)

参考文献数

20

著者

Toshio YANAGIDA Yoshiharu ISHII

出版者

The Japan Academy

雑誌

Proceedings of the Japan Academy, Series B (ISSN:03862208)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.93, no.2, pp.51-63, 2017-02-10 (Released:2017-02-10)

参考文献数

61

被引用文献数

4 14

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Single molecule detection has contributed to our understanding of the unique mechanisms of life. Unlike artificial man-made machines, biological molecular machines integrate thermal noises rather than avoid them. For example, single molecule detection has demonstrated that myosin motors undergo biased Brownian motion for stepwise movement and that single protein molecules spontaneously change their conformation, for switching to interactions with other proteins, in response to thermal fluctuation. Thus, molecular machines have flexibility and efficiency not seen in artificial machines.

著者

髙鳥 悠記

出版者

公益社団法人 日本薬学会

雑誌

YAKUGAKU ZASSHI (ISSN:00316903)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.141, no.6, pp.851-856, 2021-06-01 (Released:2021-06-01)

参考文献数

33

被引用文献数

2

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Donepezil, the most widely used drug for the treatment of Alzheimer's disease (AD), is an acetylcholinesterase (AChE) inhibitor and is thought to improve cognition by stimulating cholinergic neurotransmission. However, no correlation has yet been established between the inhibitory role of AChE inhibitors and their therapeutic effects when used in AD patients. The cleavage pathway of amyloid precursor protein (APP) includes amyloidgenic (β, γ-cleavage) and non-amyloidgenic (α-cleavage) pathways. The intracellular transportation of APP is important in determining these cleavage pathways. It has been suggested that sorting nexin (SNX) family proteins regulates the intracellular transport of APP, thereby enhancing α-cleavage. In this study, we examined the effects of donepezil on SNX33 expression changes and APP processing in primary cultures of fetal rat cortical neurons. While donepezil treatment increased the levels of SNX33 expression and soluble APPα (sAPPα) in culture media, no changes were observed regarding full-length APP expression in the cell lysate. Donepezil also reduced the release of amyloid β (Aβ) into culture media in a concentration- and time-dependent manner. This reduction was not affected by acetylcholine receptor antagonists. The membrane surface expression of APP was elevated by donepezil. Furthermore, SNX knockdown by antisense morpholino oligos prevented the effects of donepezil. These results indicated that donepezil increased APP expression at the surface of the plasma membrane by decreasing APP endocytosis through upregulation of SNX33, suggesting donepezil might stimulate the non-amyloidogenic pathway. This new mechanism of action for the currently used anti-AD drug may provide a valuable basis for future drug discovery.

著者

Richard Birrer Yasuharu Takuda Tsuyoshi Takara

出版者

The Japanese Society of Internal Medicine

雑誌

Internal Medicine (ISSN:09182918)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.46, no.14, pp.1063-1070, 2007 (Released:2007-07-17)

参考文献数

42

被引用文献数

92 159

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Background Dramatic transient elevation in serum concentrations of hepatic enzymes occurs in some patients following a hypo-perfusion state. This entity is variously termed "shock liver" or "ischemic hepatitis", since the pathogenesis is considered to be ischemia. However, hypotension or shock is not always present. Methods We analyzed the medical records of 293 patients (322 episodes) who had a hypoxic state and were admitted to the critical care units of two general hospitals over a 13-year period. Results Hepatic injury was identified in about 1% of patients in critical care admissions. In addition to hypotension, the causes for hepatic injury were a low flow state secondary to congestive heart failure and hypoxia from sepsis or respiratory failure and hypoxemia from a variety of etiologies. These values were mostly normalized within several days when the hypoxic etiology was corrected and a serious co-morbid state did not intervene. Conclusion Marked elevation of hepatic enzymes can be identified not only in patients with hypotension, but also in normotensive patients in hypoxic state. Thus, the condition is appropriately termed hypoxic hepatopathy.

著者

松浦 誠

出版者

関西病虫害研究会

雑誌

関西病虫害研究会報 (ISSN:03871002)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.18, pp.28-32, 1976-03-31 (Released:2012-10-29)

参考文献数

7

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柑橘類の訪花害虫であるコアオハナムグリについて, 成虫の年間の発生消長, 成虫の越冬へ入る時期と越冬後の活動開始期, 越冬後の成虫の死亡時期および孵化時期の異なる幼虫の発育経過について調査を行なった.本種の成虫は4月下旬より11月上旬まで訪花活動が見られたが, 5月中旬と9月中旬に発生のピークがあり, これらの個体は世代を異にする. 越冬態は通常成虫で, 9月中旬より11月に土中に潜入し, 翌春4月下旬~5月下旬の間に再び地上に現われた. これらの成虫は, 繁殖活動ののち, 7~9月に死亡して, 新世代の成虫と交代する. 6月上旬~7月中旬に孵化した幼虫は3令を経過し, 同年8~10月の間に羽化したが, 室内飼育条件下で12% (5/41) の幼虫が4令に達し, 越冬に入った.