著者

大賀 哲

出版者

日本メディア学会

雑誌

メディア研究 (ISSN:27581047)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.103, pp.3-20, 2023-07-31 (Released:2023-10-24)

参考文献数

25

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This article addresses three critical strategies in tackling the intricate challenges presented by hybrid warfare: fostering international cooperation, leveraging media engagement, and granting access to specialized expertise. When considering international cooperation, it’s imperative to underline the centrality of political decision-making and trust. Engaging in a shared exchange of information and strategic planning on an international level can bolster transparency and fortify trust among nations. Moreover, this cooperation could foster the development of universal standards and guidelines aimed at curbing the spread of disinformation. In turn, these guidelines would provide a roadmap for media outlets to ensure accurate reporting. The symbiosis between the media and expert knowledge forms another significant aspect of this approach. Media organizations should forge solid partnerships with professionals and experts harboring specialized knowledge. This collaboration can enhance the identification and verification of disinformation, ultimately resulting in more accurate reporting. Furthermore, working in conjunction with experts can boost the media’s credibility, promote media literacy, and augment their capacity to evaluate information objectively. In creating a comprehensive strategy to counter hybrid warfare, the integration of these three methods - international cooperation, media engagement, and access to expertise - becomes vital. In conclusion, to effectively address the multifaceted challenges posed by hybrid warfare, we need robust cooperation among governments, educational institutions, media organizations, and various stakeholders. Sound political decision-making and trust form the bedrock of this collaborative effort. Media organizations must prioritize transparency and accuracy in their reporting and actively engage with experts to validate the information. Furthermore, societal enhancement of media literacy and information evaluation skills are crucial. The diligent implementation of these measures can significantly mitigate the impact of hybrid warfare, paving the way for an informed and resilient society.

著者

テイラー チャールズ 高橋 侑生

出版者

京都大学社会思想史研究会

雑誌

思想のプリズム (ISSN:24364495)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.3, pp.58-75, 2023 (Released:2023-10-24)

著者

東京大学史料編纂所 編

出版者

東京大学

巻号頁・発行日

vol.第6編之9,

著者

豊島 義博 野村 義明 安田 登

出版者

一般社団法人 日本接着歯学会

雑誌

接着歯学 (ISSN:09131655)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.13, no.3, pp.134-142, 1995-08-31 (Released:2011-06-07)

参考文献数

10

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1994年1月から1995年4月まで東京都内3ヵ所の診療施設で脱落を主訴として来院した患者の脱落歯の観察調査を行った。調査歯数342件について脱落物の分類を行い、そのうち289歯について統計的な分析を行った。調査歯の61.6%に2次齲蝕が生じていた。2次齲蝕を生じると思われた要因をそれぞれ2×2表にまとめカイ二乗検定をおこなった。その結果カリエスアクティビティ、セメント、処置医院、歯髄の有無、脱落物の種類に相関が認められた。このうちカリエスアクティビティは、脱落歯以外の齲蝕歯の有無をもって判定した。従来鋳造修復歯に生じる2次齲蝕は、修復物の不適合などが原因と言われていたが、本調査によりカリエスアクティビティとセメントが大きな病因であると考えられた。今後はセメントのもつどのような機能が齲蝕と相関するか、検討する必要がある。

著者

川端 二功 川端 由子 西村 正太郎 田畑 正志

出版者

日本ペット栄養学会

雑誌

ペット栄養学会誌 (ISSN:13443763)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.17, no.2, pp.96-101, 2014-10-10 (Released:2015-04-15)

参考文献数

21

被引用文献数

1

著者

新城 明久

出版者

養賢堂

巻号頁・発行日

vol.66, no.8, pp.809-812, 2012 (Released:2013-10-08)

著者

梶 亮太 岡本 正弘 坂井 真 溝淵 律子 田村 克徳 平林 秀介 田村 泰章 深浦 壮一 富松 高治 中野 洋

出版者

日本育種学会

雑誌

育種学研究 (ISSN:13447629)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.12, no.2, pp.54-58, 2010 (Released:2021-11-16)

被引用文献数

4

著者

伊藤 宣広

出版者

経済学史学会

雑誌

経済学史研究 (ISSN:18803164)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.57, no.2, pp.118-119, 2016 (Released:2019-11-26)

著者

清 佳浩

出版者

日本医真菌学会

雑誌

Medical Mycology Journal (ISSN:21856486)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.53, no.2, pp.97-102, 2012 (Released:2012-06-25)

参考文献数

34

被引用文献数

3 4

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Genusmalassezia are now divided to fourteen species. Different species will start or aggravate different skin diseases. In the seborrheic dermatitis, M.restricta will play an important role, in the atopic dermatitis, M.globosa and/or M.restricta are major cutaneous microflora. The availability of new tools such as genomic and proteomic analyses has begun to provide a new insight into the pathogenetic mechanisms involved.

著者

宮下 牧恵

出版者

NHK放送文化研究所

雑誌

放送研究と調査 (ISSN:02880008)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.73, no.3, pp.54-69, 2023-03-01 (Released:2023-03-30)

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近年、著名人の自殺についてどのように報じるかが注目されている。昨年5月にダチョウ倶楽部の上島竜兵さんが亡くなった際にも、自宅の前から中継を行った放送局や、自殺手段を報じた放送局がSNS上や新聞上で批判された。WHOでは、「自殺対策を推進するためにメディア関係者に知ってもらいたい基礎知識2017年最新版」(通称「自殺報道ガイドライン」)を公表している。この中で、自殺報道について、「やるべきこと」と「やってはいけないこと」の計12項目が示されており、各項目について詳しく説明が記載されている。そこで、「調査研究ノート」では、上島竜兵さんが亡くなった当日に放送を行った26番組の中で、「自殺報道ガイドライン」の「やるべきこと」「やってはいけないこと」についてどの程度満たす形で報道が行われたかを分析する試みを行った。分析の結果、「やるべきこと」とされる、「自殺と自殺対策についての正しい情報を、自殺についての迷信を拡散しないようにしながら、人々への啓発を行うこと」や「日常生活のストレス要因または自殺念慮への対処法や支援を受ける方法について報道をすること」は、放送している番組が少なかった。また、「やってはいけないこと」の項目には、「自殺の報道記事を目立つように配置しないこと。また報道を過度に繰り返さないこと」とあり、その内容として、「最初の報道内容を繰り返したり、新しい情報を加えたりすることに関しては注意を払わなくてはならない」との説明があるが、繰り返し上島さんの情報を伝える放送も見られた。

著者

長島 忍

出版者

日本図学会

雑誌

図学研究 (ISSN:03875512)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.19, no.2, pp.15-19, 1985 (Released:2010-08-25)

参考文献数

4

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In computer graphics and geometric modeling, polyhedron's inside test, a determination whether a given point lies inside or outside a polyhedron, plays an important role. However, this cannot be realized easily. Since former methods have some difficulties, a yew method of design is introduced in this papaer.When all polygons of polyhedron's faces are projected ont.o a sphere whose center lies on the given point with radius of 1, the sum of area becomes 4π i f the point lies inside the polyhedron. Otherwise, this becomes 0. Though it is difficult to calculate an area of the polygon on the sphere, it can be calculated by dividing the polygon into triangles.This new algorithm of inside test was programmed and applied to two kinds of object, one, a cube and the other an octagonal prism. As a result, the errors of area's calculation for 4π was under 0.03%. These figures confirms that the test can be applied to rather complex objects.

著者

宮武外骨編 経葉社企画・制作

出版者

経葉社

巻号頁・発行日

2000

著者

佐藤 佑樹

出版者

The Japanese Association of Administrative Science

雑誌

経営行動科学 (ISSN:09145206)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.27, no.1, pp.13-34, 2014 (Released:2014-08-11)

参考文献数

75

被引用文献数

1

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The purpose of this paper is to review the literature on the theoretical foundation, antecedents, consequences, and measurement of perceived organizational support (POS). The study of POS has recently received considerable attention in the Organizational Behavior and Human resource Management literature. This paper proceeds as follows. First, the concept and scale of POS is described. Second, Organizational Support Theory that provides a theoretical base for POS is overviewed. Third, various factors affecting POS are identified: Fairness, Organizational Politics, Human Resources practices (HR practices), Supervisor Support, and so on. Last, the future directions of studies on POS are discussed.

著者

荒牧 重雄

出版者

特定非営利活動法人 日本火山学会

雑誌

火山.第2集 (ISSN:24330590)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.8, no.3, pp.110-113, 1963-12-25 (Released:2018-01-15)

著者

岡村 周太

出版者

一般社団法人 電子情報通信学会

雑誌

電子情報通信学会 通信ソサイエティマガジン (ISSN:21860661)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.13, no.2, pp.84-85, 2019-09-01 (Released:2019-09-01)

著者

辻 琢也

出版者

公益社団法人 日本不動産学会

雑誌

日本不動産学会誌 (ISSN:09113576)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.29, no.2, pp.49-55, 2015-09-30 (Released:2017-01-27)

参考文献数

5

被引用文献数

2 1

著者

松沼 瑞樹 内田 喜隆 田城 文人

出版者

一般社団法人 日本魚類学会

雑誌

魚類学雑誌 (ISSN:00215090)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.66, no.2, pp.253-260, 2019 (Released:2019-11-28)

参考文献数

11

被引用文献数

1

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A single specimen of Scomberoides commersonnianus (Carangidae), previously recorded only from Kagoshima, Miyazaki and Toyama prefectures in Japan, was recently collected off Yamaguchi Prefecture (34˚25.3'N, 131˚21.0'E), southwestern Japan Sea. The newly collected specimen (FAKU 146095, 401.8 mm SL, 424.8 mm FL), representing the fourth Japanese record of the species, was probably transported by the Tsushima Current, flowing northward off the west coast of Kyushu and the Japan Sea coast of mainland Japan. A checklist of 27 carangid fishes found in Wakasa Bay and adjacent waters, central Japan Sea coast of Japan is also provided.

著者

山本 吉宣

出版者

日本政治学会

雑誌

年報政治学 (ISSN:05494192)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.27, pp.203-226,en9, 1977-03-31 (Released:2009-12-21)

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The aim of this paper is: (a) to review briefly the present stage of mathematical and quantitative political science; (b) to examine new directions for its future development; and (c) to discuss some caveats regarding the relevance of mathematical and quantitative political science and its proper institutional function.Mathematical political science is one of the ways in which we develop models regarding political phenomena and examine the extent to which they represent the real world. A major characteristic of such models is the use of mathematics, statistics, and symbolic logic. Given this general definition of mathematical political science, the field is, and has become, very diversified in terms of its aims, methods, and substantive problems. However, we can delineate two salient traditions in mathematical and quantitative political science. One may be called a “causal model” approach. The other is based on the use of “rational actor models.”In the causal model tradition, political phenomena are analyzed in terms of cause-effect relationships between variables. These relationships are usually represented by mathematical functions (equations). Mathematical equations in this kind of analysis (a) are used to deduce other propositions regarding political behavior at varied levels of aggregation, and/or (b) are examined against data, and through statistical techniques, to determine the extent to which they represent the referent world. Furthermore, simulation models can be utilized in such a way that logical consequences are obtained from a set of empirically tested propositions.Even though causal models are sometimes built implicitly on the assumption that actors, such as voters, are rational, we can single out a set of models that are different from causal models and which are directly built on the rationality assumption about political actors. In rational actor models, just as in causal models, the aims, styles and substantive problems are quite varied. While they are utilized to examine such normative problems as comparative study of decision rules which transform individual preferences into collective choice, many models have been constructed in order to represent and explain real political phenomena such as voting behavior, alliance maintenance in international politics, etc.Given the diversity of mathematical and quantitative political science, it is most difficult to set up fundamental dimensions by which we can satisfy the requirements of assessing its general appropriateness to the analysis of political phenomena and of forecasting its future development. However, let us propose two dimensions which may satisfy these two requirements. One dimension ranges from a mechanistic view of political phenomena to the view in which politics is considered as adaptive, an organized complexity. The other dimension is an idiographic-generalization continuum. Admitting that we need simple models in analyzing political phenomena at least at the elementary stage, it seems apparent that contemporary mathematical and quantitative political science, and methods and models thereof, tend to adopt a mechanistic, rather than an adaptive view, and intend to be general rather than idiographic. If politics is collective adaptation by human beings to both internal and external environments, a mechanistic view and models representing such a view, though not irrelevant, must be considered to be short of giving us a full understanding of political phenomena. If human beings adjust their objectives and change their purposes in responding to internal and external changes, idiographic approaches may be more important than implicitly assumed among many mathematical and quantitative political researchers.

著者

田和 聖子 内本 亮吾 藤田 文彦 北 仁志

出版者

日本臨床麻酔学会

雑誌

日本臨床麻酔学会誌 (ISSN:02854945)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.38, no.5, pp.600-605, 2018-09-15 (Released:2018-11-08)

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全身麻酔の覚醒時に,患者が夢を見ていたと発言することがあるが,その頻度と内容を,アンケート方式により調べた.夢を見ていたと言えるには,まず夢を見ることとそれを思い出すことが必要になる.夢を見た人は23%で,その中には内容を思い出せる人と,夢は見たが内容は思い出せない人がいた.夢を見た群は見ない群に比べ平均年齢が約10歳若かった.夢を見た群の3人と見ない群5人の脳CT(またはMRI)を計測すると,見た群では脳萎縮が少ない傾向だった.また,思い出せた夢の内容は94%が普通の夢だった.