著者

熊原 秀晃 西田 順一 坂井 洋子 金平 真由美 金平 桂一郎 進藤 宗洋 田中 宏暁

出版者

一般社団法人 日本体育学会

雑誌

体育学研究 (ISSN:04846710)

巻号頁・発行日

pp.14008, (Released:2014-05-22)

参考文献数

27

被引用文献数

1

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The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of acute exercise mimicking boxing on affect and mood states. In a randomized crossover design, sixteen adults (35.8±6.6 yrs) underwent both a boxing exercise program based on shadow boxing (Boxing) as well as a boxing program combined with a focus mitts workout (pad work) (Boxing+Mitts). The Waseda Affect Scale of Exercise and Durable Activity (WASEDA) and the Profile of Mood States-Brief Form (POMS-Brief) were administered before and after both exercise programs. There were no gender differences in any psychological scales before and after the programs as well as in heart rate during exercise. The Boxing+Mitts program tended to show a lower exercise intensity, defined as the percentage of the average heat rate reserve (HRR), than the Boxing program (40.4±13.3 vs. 50.4±17.5%HRR, p<0.10). However, both programs were considered to give a moderate level of exercise intensity on average, which is regarded as the minimum intensity required to improve individual cardiorespiratory fitness. The Boxing program significantly improved all three scales of negative affect, positive engagement and tranquility assessed by the WASEDA. Moreover, the POMS-Brief showed an iceberg profile after the program, which was followed by significant decreases in the scores of tension-anxiety, depression-dejection, anger-hostility and confusion, and a significant increase in the vigor score. In addition, a composite score of total mood disturbance calculated by summing the subscale scores changed in a positive direction. The Boxing+Mitts program was shown to lead to similar changes in the WASEDA and POMS-Brief. However, no significant program×time interactions (by two-way ANOVA) were observed in any of the scales. These results indicate that acute boxing-style exercise programs would improve negative psychological variables and enhance both feelings of pleasant activation, as well as relaxation. A further study is warranted to explore whether any long-term (chronic) effects on mental health exist, and to compare these programs with other modes of exercise.

著者

Kei Hayashi Ichiro Kawachi Tetsuya Ohira Katsunori Kondo Kokoro Shirai Naoki Kondo

出版者

日本疫学会

雑誌

Journal of Epidemiology (ISSN:09175040)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.26, no.10, pp.546-552, 2016-10-05 (Released:2016-10-05)

参考文献数

32

被引用文献数

41

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Background: We sought to evaluate the associations between frequency of daily laughter with heart disease and stroke among community-dwelling older Japanese women and men.Methods: We analyzed cross-sectional data in 20 934 individuals (10 206 men and 10 728 women) aged 65 years or older, who participated in the Japan Gerontological Evaluation Study in 2013. In the mail-in survey, participants provided information on daily frequency of laughter, as well as body mass index, demographic and lifestyle factors, and diagnoses of cardiovascular disease, hyperlipidemia, hypertension, and depression.Results: Even after adjustment for hyperlipidemia, hypertension, depression, body mass index, and other risk factors, the prevalence of heart diseases among those who never or almost never laughed was 1.21 (95% CI, −1.03–1.41) times higher than those who reported laughing every day. The adjusted prevalence ratio for stroke was 1.60 (95% CI, 1.24–2.06).Conclusions: Daily frequency of laughter is associated with lower prevalence of cardiovascular diseases. The association could not be explained by confounding factors, such as depressive symptoms.

著者

椎野 若菜

出版者

日本文化人類学会

雑誌

日本文化人類学会研究大会発表要旨集 日本文化人類学会第50回研究大会 (ISSN:21897964)

巻号頁・発行日

pp.A01, 2016 (Released:2016-04-22)

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本分科会の目的は、女性調査者の多くが自らのキャリア形成と同時に直面する結婚、妊娠、出産、介護、また未婚、離婚、死別といったライフイベントによる調査者自身の属性の変化と、それに伴う調査地との関係やポジショナリティの変化、そして調査を続けるための困難や工夫について焦点をあて、そうした経験をも民族誌的データとしていく試みの提案と、またそうした困難や情報を共有するネットワーキングの提案を行うことである。

著者

原 敏夫

出版者

公益社団法人 日本農芸化学会

雑誌

化学と生物 (ISSN:0453073X)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.28, no.10, pp.676-681, 1990-10-25 (Released:2009-05-25)

参考文献数

23

被引用文献数

1

著者

加藤 貴昭 福田 忠彦

出版者

Japan Ergonomics Society

雑誌

人間工学 (ISSN:05494974)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.38, no.6, pp.333-340, 2002-12-15 (Released:2010-03-12)

参考文献数

19

被引用文献数

16 12

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本研究では野球の打撃において, 打者が投手の投球動作から視覚情報を得る準備時間相に注目し, 熟練打者と非熟練打者の眼球運動から視覚探索活動における有効なストラテジーについて考察した. 特にライブ状況でのフィールド実験により, 実践的な場面における周辺視特性の活用について考察を行った. 熟練者グループとして大学野球部員, 非熟練者グループとして一般の大学生が実験に参加した. 被験者は実際に打席に立ち, 投手による投球を観察し, その際の眼球運動が計測された. その結果, 熟練者の視線配置分布は非熟練者のものと比べ狭い範囲に及んでいた. 特に熟練者は投球動作を予測して投球腕が振られるであろう位置にあらかじめ視線を固定させ, 投球腕の肘近辺を中心に視支点を置き, 網膜の周辺部分で投手像全体を捉えて, 投球動作から動的な情報を効率よく収集する体系的な視覚探索ストラテジーを用いていることが確認された.

著者

奥井 啓悦

出版者

公益社団法人 日本マリンエンジニアリング学会

雑誌

マリンエンジニアリング (ISSN:13461427)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.45, no.2, pp.192-196, 2010 (Released:2012-12-06)

著者

有賀 敦紀

出版者

公益社団法人 日本心理学会

雑誌

心理学研究 (ISSN:00215236)

巻号頁・発行日

pp.87.15306, (Released:2016-03-10)

参考文献数

29

被引用文献数

1 2

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People feel uncomfortable when someone else comes spatially near and thus encroaches on their personal space (PS). Although many social psychologists have explored characteristics of PS of/between/among individuals so far, there is currently no empirical research on whether the PS of individuals expands into space surrounding their belongings (or objects) that are away from their body. This study measured the spatial distance between bags which participants and confederates left behind, and thus demonstrated that the distance between bags was modulated in response to the interpersonal relationship of their owners. The present study suggests new evidence for expansive PS, which is the concept that an individual’s PS expands into space surrounding his/her belongings.

著者

池田 幸弘

出版者

公益社団法人 日本薬学会

雑誌

ファルマシア (ISSN:00148601)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.56, no.3, pp.246-247, 2020 (Released:2020-03-01)

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近江八幡の都市としての発展は,1585年に近江43万石の領主となった豊臣秀次が旧安土城下の施設や町民を移し,城下町を開いたことに始まるといわれる.楽市楽座や,城下の堀を琵琶湖とつないで商船を町の内部にまで寄港できる普請をはじめとする商業政策により,わずか5年の在任中に自由商業都市としての近江八幡の堅固な基盤を築いた.領主としての構想力や行政手腕は相当なものであったに違いない.

著者

木村 康夫

出版者

那須塩原市那須野が原博物館

雑誌

那須野が原博物館紀要 (ISSN:13499238)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.2, no.1, pp.31-50, 2006-02-25 (Released:2020-02-13)

著者

斎藤 彦松

出版者

Japanese Association of Indian and Buddhist Studies

雑誌

印度學佛教學研究 (ISSN:00194344)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.36, no.1, pp.260-263, 1987-12-25 (Released:2010-03-09)

著者

阿部(平石) さゆり

出版者

一般社団法人 日本アスレティックトレーニング学会

雑誌

日本アスレティックトレーニング学会誌 (ISSN:24326623)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.3, no.1, pp.3-11, 2017-12-15 (Released:2019-01-31)

参考文献数

72

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Sport-related concussions (SRCs) are common, and the consequences of SRCs are multi-layered. In addition to its immediate effects, a SRC can lead to the development of long-lasting symptoms (i.e. postconcussion syndrome) and the increased risk of other musculoskeletal injuries. Repetitive head impacts may result in, in some cases, potentially irreversible and even fatal changes in the brain such as diffuse cerebral swelling and chronic traumatic encephalopathy. Due to its complexity, the prevention of SRCs must be considered at three different levels - primary, secondary and tertiary. For the primary prevention, the protective equipment such as helmets, headgears, and mouth guards does not reduce the risk of SRCs. While the effects of policy and rule changes to allow less physical contact are inconclusive, the education of proper tackling techniques and its implementation (i.e. practicing without helmets and pads) may be effective in preventing SRCs. Regarding the secondary and tertiary prevention, literature does not support the use of prolonged, strict rest. A brief period (24-48 hours) of physical and cognitive rest followed by a gradual increase of activities will likely facilitate a better recovery. The subthreshold exercise protocol has shown to be safe and reliable, and it seems to minimize the chronic symptoms related to SRCs. Although high-level evidence has yet to be established, early resumption of the monitored, controlled aerobic exercise may become the standard for future SRC recovery.

著者

窪田 幸子

出版者

公益財団法人 日本学術協力財団

雑誌

学術の動向 (ISSN:13423363)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.16, no.9, pp.9_100-9_103, 2011-09-01 (Released:2012-01-24)

著者

Fumiaki Fujibe

出版者

Meteorological Society of Japan

雑誌

SOLA (ISSN:13496476)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.16, pp.175-179, 2020 (Released:2020-09-29)

参考文献数

21

被引用文献数

8

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Japan underwent a nationwide self-restraint of human activities in spring 2020 to prevent the spread of the COVID-19 infection. In order to evaluate the effect of suppressed human activities on temperature in the Tokyo Metropolitan area, a statistical analysis was made for temperature anomalies during the self-restraint period using hourly data on the AMeDAS network. The temperature anomaly was defined by the departure from the value that would have been observed without self-restraint, estimated from regression analysis for temperatures at surrounding non-urban stations. It was found that the temperature in central Tokyo (Kitanomaru Park) had a negative anomaly of −0.49°C with a 95% confidence range of ±0.19°C on the average over the strong self-restraint period from April to May. The anomaly was larger in the nighttime than in the daytime, and was found in an area spreading for several tens of kilometers, with a decreasing magnitude according to the distance from Tokyo. These facts indicate a possibility that the reduction of anthropogenic heat release during the self-restraint period resulted in substantial decrease of temperature in the Tokyo Metropolitan area.

著者

橋本 道男

出版者

公益社団法人 日本薬理学会

雑誌

日本薬理学雑誌 (ISSN:00155691)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.151, no.1, pp.27-33, 2018 (Released:2018-01-10)

参考文献数

40

被引用文献数

3 5

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n-3系脂肪酸の機能性は,心・血管系や脂質代謝系など,多岐にわたることがよく知られている.特に,n-3系脂肪酸のなかでも脳に多く含まれるドコサヘキサエン酸(DHA)は胎児期から老年期にいたるまで脳機能維持には必須である.その摂取不足は,脳の発達障害,うつ病,アルツハイマー病などの精神・神経疾患の発症と深く関連する.DHAは主に,神経新生,シナプス形成,神経細胞分化,神経突起伸張,膜流動性の維持,抗炎症作用,抗酸化作用などに関与し,脳機能維持に重要な役割を担っている.その作用機序は,1)細胞膜構成成分として膜流動性を変えてイオンチャネルや膜結合型受容体・酵素へ作用し,2)細胞膜から切り出された遊離型DHAが直接的に,あるいはさらに代謝されてプロテクチンD1などに変換されて,間接的に核や各種タンパク質に作用してその機能性を発揮する.今後の展開しだいでは,DHAなどn-3系脂肪酸の補充は,脳機能の低下を抑制し,様々な精神・神経疾患の発症とその進行を遅延し,さらには改善する可能性が期待される.

著者

矢向 正人

出版者

一般社団法人 人工知能学会

雑誌

人工知能学会全国大会論文集 第29回全国大会(2015)

巻号頁・発行日

pp.2C4OS21a5, 2015 (Released:2018-07-30)

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音楽の多くが歌詞を伴う歌であることからわかるように、音楽と言語はともに分節的特徴と韻律的特徴とを持ち、発生段階から今日に至るまで密接に結びついてきた。音楽学ではこの結びつき方の多様性を、音意味同型性や身体性の認識方法を示しながら、研究対象としてきた。今回は、音楽起源論、音楽史学、音楽理論、民族音楽学、音楽美学がそれぞれ音楽と言語の関係をどう捉えてきたかについて述べる。

著者

篠ヶ谷 圭太

出版者

一般社団法人 日本教育心理学会

雑誌

教育心理学研究 (ISSN:00215015)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.60, no.1, pp.92-105, 2012 (Released:2013-01-16)

参考文献数

65

被引用文献数

12 7

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我々は学習を行う際, 人の説明を一度聞くだけ, 本を一度読むだけで, その内容を理解できるわけではなく, 事前や事後に適切な方略を用いて学習することで, 理解を深め, 知識の定着を図っている。そこで, 本稿では, 事前学習, 本学習, 事後学習の各フェイズにおいて適切な方略を使用しながら理解を深めていく学習プロセスのモデルを「フェイズ関連づけモデル」とし, そのモデルを用いて学習方略に関する先行研究の概観を行った。フェイズ関連づけモデルに基づいて先行研究を分類した場合, これまでの学習方略研究は, 1)フェイズの区別をせずに方略使用について測定した「フェイズ不特定型」, 2)フェイズを特定した上で方略使用を測定した「フェイズ特定型」, 3)複数のフェイズの関連に焦点を当てた「フェイズ関連型」の3つに分類することができる。本稿では, これらの先行研究から効果的な学習の在り方について示唆を得るとともに, 学習フェイズの関連づけの視点から見た場合に明らかになる課題を指摘し, 今後の学習方略研究に向けた枠組みを提案した。また, 最後には, 本稿の示した枠組みの実践的意義と学術的意義について論じた。

著者

Dai MATSUI Ryoko WATABE

出版者

The Society for Near Eastern Studies in Japan

雑誌

Orient (ISSN:04733851)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.50, pp.41-51, 2015-03-30 (Released:2018-04-01)

参考文献数

31

被引用文献数

1

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Of the Ardabīl documents of the Mongol period, this paper presents a Persian land sale contract of 660 AH/1261–62 CE, with an Uigur-Turkic note attached. It should be a unique source displaying the reality of the local society in Iran under the early Mongol rule. It should deserve further comparative studies with other contracts and bilingual documents of the Ardabīl collection.

著者

Atsushi Mizuno Chisa Matsumoto Takuya Kishi Mari Ishida Shoji Sanada Memori Fukuda Issei Komuro Kenichi Hirata Koichi Node

出版者

The Japanese Circulation Society

雑誌

Circulation Reports (ISSN:24340790)

巻号頁・発行日

pp.CR-21-0003, (Released:2021-01-29)

参考文献数

14

被引用文献数

5

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Background:Cardiovascular department restriction policies on procedures resulting from the COVID-19 pandemic have not been fully evaluated.Methods and Results:We performed a retrospective analysis of a nationwide survey performed by the Japanese Circulation Society in August 2020. The total response rate was 48.9% (651/1,331). The rate of restriction of cardiovascular procedures peaked in April. Exacerbations of heart failure due to hospital restrictions were noted in 43.8% of departments.Conclusions:Many departments restricted their cardiological procedures, and this rate changed according to the pandemic situation. The exacerbation of cardiovascular disease resulting from pandemic restrictions should not be ignored.

著者

Atsushi Mizuno Chisa Matsumoto Daisuke Yoneoka Takuya Kishi Mari Ishida Shoji Sanada Memori Fukuda Yoshihiko Saito Keiko Yamauchi-Takihara Hiroyuki Tsutsui Keiichi Fukuda Issei Komuro Koichi Node

出版者

The Japanese Circulation Society

雑誌

Circulation Reports (ISSN:24340790)

巻号頁・発行日

pp.CR-21-0002, (Released:2021-02-05)

参考文献数

21

被引用文献数

6

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Background:From the early phase of the Coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, cardiologists have paid attention not only to COVID-19-associated cardiovascular sequelae, but also to treatment strategies for rescheduling non-urgent procedures. The chief objective of this study was to explore confirmed COVID-19 cardiology case experiences and departmental policies, and their regional heterogeneity in Japan.Methods and Results:We performed a retrospective analysis of a nationwide survey performed by the Japanese Circulation Society on April 13, 2020. The questionnaire included cardiology department experience with confirmed COVID-19 cases and restriction policies, and was sent to 1,360 certified cardiology training hospitals. Descriptive analysis and spatial autocorrelation analysis of each response were performed to reveal the heterogeneity of departmental policies. The response rate was 56.8% (773 replies). Only 16% of all responding hospitals experienced a COVID-19 cardiology case. High-risk procedures were restricted in more than one-fifth of hospitals, including transesophageal echocardiography (34.9%) and scheduled catheterization (39.5%). The presence of a cardiologist in the COVID-19 team, the number of board-certified cardiologists, any medical resource shortage and a state of emergency were positively correlated with any type of restriction.Conclusions:We found both low clinical case experiences with COVID-19 and restrictions of cardiovascular procedures during the first COVID-19 wave in Japan. Restrictions arising as a result of COVID-19 were affected by hospital- and country-level variables, such as a state of emergency.

著者

村上 祐子

出版者

一般社団法人 電子情報通信学会

雑誌

電子情報通信学会 基礎・境界ソサイエティ Fundamentals Review (ISSN:18820875)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.11, no.3, pp.155-163, 2018-01-01 (Released:2018-01-01)

参考文献数

22

被引用文献数

1

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本稿では,人工知能の倫理に関して国内外のガイドライン検討状況をまとめた上で,背景となる倫理学の論点を概説する.