著者

田村 秀行 大田 友一

出版者

一般社団法人 映像情報メディア学会

雑誌

映像情報メディア学会誌 (ISSN:13426907)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.52, no.3, pp.266-272, 1998-03-20 (Released:2011-03-14)

参考文献数

26

被引用文献数

19 6

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「複合現実感」 (Mixed Reality) は, 現実世界と仮想世界を融合した複合環境の構築・描画技術で, これまでのVRの限界を打破する先端技術として期待されている.本稿では, 電子的な仮想世界を現実世界の情報で補強するAugmented Virtualityと, 現実世界に立脚しここに電子データを重畳するAugmented Realityに大別し, それぞれの最新技術動向を概観し, 今後の応用分野について展望する.

著者

比嘉 理麻

出版者

日本文化人類学会

雑誌

文化人類学 (ISSN:13490648)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.87, no.1, pp.044-063, 2022-06-30 (Released:2022-12-08)

参考文献数

39

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本論は、沖縄県名護市辺野古の基地建設の進行に伴って、熾烈化する抗議行動の最前線で、心身に傷を負い、抗議に行けなくなった人びとが、新たに勝負できる領域を模索するなかで見出した、〈生き方としての基地反対運動〉とでも呼びうる動きを積極的に掬いあげる。現在生まれつつあるのは、狭義の政治運動におさまるものではなく、むしろ、政治の限界(代表政治と直接政治の双方の限界)を踏み越えて、〈生き方〉そのものとして展開される基地反対運動である。日本政府の暴力により、従来の運動の限界に立たされた人びとは、これまでの闘い方とは異なる形で、自らの生き方を通して変革の方途を切り出していく。それは、生活を丸ごと抱き込んだ運動の全面化であり、自らの生き方の社会運動化、とでも呼びうるものである。本論では、従来の「政治運動」で傷ついた人びとが、口にするようになった「これは、政治じゃない」という言葉に耳を傾け、基地反対運動を「非政治化」し、より広い領域を巻き込みながら、自らの〈生き方〉として展開する新たな基地反対運動を理解することを目指す。さらに本論では、ここでの生き方を、人間のみに限定せず、他の動物たちの生き方をも含み込むものとして、より広く捉える。そこから、基地建設によるかつてない規模の破壊によって、改めて交差する人間と動物たちの生を捉える視座を築いていく。

著者

長瀬 貴志

出版者

情報法制学会

雑誌

情報法制研究 (ISSN:24330264)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.8, pp.75-85, 2020 (Released:2020-11-30)

参考文献数

12

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私法上の不法行為としてのプライバシー侵害の判断において,非公知性の要件を不要とすることは、公知の事実を表現することも違法となり,表現の自由を必要以上に侵害することから,これを不要と考えることはできない。そして,実際の訴訟活動においては,表現者が,当該表現が公知の事実であり適法であることを主張立証し,他方,プライバシー侵害を主張する者がこれに反論することで,プライバシーと表現の自由を比較衡量して違法性を検討することが適当である。

著者

小坂谷 聡 上原 哲太郎 西口 三千

出版者

情報法制学会

雑誌

情報法制研究 (ISSN:24330264)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.7, pp.11-23, 2020 (Released:2020-06-05)

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In recent years, the Internet usage environment has been shifting from wired communications to wireless LANs. In order to connect to the Internet using a wireless LAN, it is necessary to connect to the access point. However, since wireless communication can be used by anyone who can receive its radio waves, there is a risk that the access point owner may allow unintentional connections unless measures are taken, such as setting user privileges using authentication functions such as passwords, etc. This paper focuses on the interpretation of “secret communication” and examines whether the current law can regulate such unauthorized access to a wireless LAN access point from a technical perspective.

著者

五十嵐 祐

出版者

心理学評論刊行会

雑誌

心理学評論 (ISSN:03861058)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.63, no.4, pp.403-417, 2020 (Released:2022-02-05)

参考文献数

108

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Tackling loneliness is a challenging task in modern society. Recent research has focused primarily on the physiological nature of loneliness. However, the multifaceted psychological construct is clearly more than just a negative emotion. The virtue of helping each other can be undermined by the process in which loneliness breeds maladaptive social perception and behavior that also facilitate the avoidance of lonely individuals. To cut off the vicious cycle of loneliness, comprehending the dynamic nature of loneliness and social networks through the lens of social information processing is important. After introducing the conceptualization of loneliness, this paper discusses the process by which individuals feel isolated in dyadic/networked social connections, the social selection and influence mechanisms of loneliness, the distinction between loneliness and solitude, the current advances and limitation of loneliness interventions, and the importance of providing opportunities for social interactions for the lonely to deal with this modern disease.

著者

水島 祐人

出版者

中国四国教育学会

雑誌

教育学研究ジャーナル (ISSN:13495836)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.28, pp.1-10, 2023-03-24 (Released:2023-03-31)

参考文献数

23

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Translation tasks in the English examination for the 2nd-grade maritime officers' certificate(navigation) are challenging for Japanese maritime students because they have insufficient knowledge of the vocabulary used therein. To address this issue, we created a word list based on a corpus compiled from 56 texts used in past examinations, employing the integrated values of both frequency and range (Ishikawa, 2018) as selection and arrangement criteria. During this process, a set of words in New JACET 8000 that are widely used in Japanese junior high school English textbooks; maritime loan words; and words with low frequency, narrow range, or low learning value were excluded. The final 278 words (the 2nd-grade Maritime Examination Word List) cover more than 25% of the corpus. If students have learned the 278 words, they can fully understand the texts and avoid referring to their dictionaries frequently, allowing them to focus on text comprehension and translation tasks. The coverage of the final list in the corpus is higher than that of two existing maritime word lists. To accurately test the usefulness of this list, clearer standards for comparing multiple word lists must be established.

著者

竹内 智子 石川 幹子

出版者

公益社団法人 日本造園学会

雑誌

ランドスケープ研究 (ISSN:13408984)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.70, no.5, pp.653-656, 2007-03-30 (Released:2009-03-31)

参考文献数

32

被引用文献数

2 1

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The purpose of this paper is to analyze the history of the planning concept of City Planning Parks in Tokyo through the case study of Shinozaki Park. The following 4 points were clarified. 1) The planning concept of Shinozaki Park varies in times, such as prevention of urban expansion, homeland defense, buffer green belt for city planning road, and regional park. 2) The planning area of Shinozaki Park has been decreased by the urbanization pressure since 1960s. The local issues were given the priority over the large-scale issues at that time. 3) Between 1930s and 1950s, the planning concept was consisted of both city planning park system and green zoning system. However, after 1960s, these basic methods were treated separately. 4) The public land escaped from the emancipation of farming land, played a significant role in the implementation of park construction.

著者

濱口 勝彦

出版者

一般社団法人 日本内科学会

雑誌

日本内科学会雑誌 (ISSN:00215384)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.91, no.8, pp.2362-2366, 2002-08-10 (Released:2008-06-12)

参考文献数

10

著者

長谷 正人

出版者

The Japan Sociological Society

雑誌

社会学評論 (ISSN:00215414)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.40, no.3, pp.310-324, 1989-12-31 (Released:2010-05-07)

参考文献数

38

被引用文献数

1 1

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ダブル・バインドは、日常的コミュニヶーションに現れる論理的パラドックスの問題として哲学的に考察されてきた、しかし、ダブル・バインドは同時に関係性とシステムについての問題でもある。このパースペクティヴからみたとき、ダプル・バインドは社会学的問題となる。システム論からみたダブル・バインド状況は次のようなものである。システムのあるレベルでポジティヴ・フィードバックが起こり、システムに変化の可能性が生じている。それにもかかわらず、もう一つ上のレベルでネガティヴ・フィードバックが起こり変化への動きを内に孕んだままシステムは安定してしまうのである。このようなダブル・バインド状況からの解放は、ポジティヴ・フィードバックに対する抑制を解き、システム全体にポジティヴ・フィードバックを引き起こすことになる。ダプル・バインドへのこのようなアプローチは、社会システムが硬直化した秩序状態にあるとき、これをどう変化させればよいか、という問題にも示唆を与えるだろう。

著者

小崎 寛子

出版者

日本小児耳鼻咽喉科学会

雑誌

小児耳鼻咽喉科 (ISSN:09195858)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.21, no.1, pp.70-72, 2000 (Released:2012-09-24)

参考文献数

20

著者

石 和静

出版者

北海道大学スラブ研究センター

雑誌

スラヴ研究 (ISSN:05626579)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.46, pp.33-55, 1999

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This paper elucidates the plans for Korea's neutralization by Russia between 1900-1903 and evaluates its connection with Count Witte's Manchurian policy It deals with a series of three attempts to realize Korea's neutrality under the auspices of a "joint guarantee by the Powers," which was invented by the Russian government. In most of the literature reviewed, discussions about Russia's Korean neutralization plans have failed to view them as policies initiated by the government as a whole, and tended to interpret them only as impromptu, unauthoritative proposals by Russian Ministers on the spot. Witte, as the Russian Minister of Finance who had the greatest influence in Russian East Asian affairs, sought to strike separate under-the-table deals with Japan concerning Korea's neutrality. Japan in fact wanted a free hand for itself in the Korean peninsula, however, which seemed to Russia absolutely unacceptable in view of Korea's paramount strategic significance. This study shows that Korea's neutralization was Russia's ultimate goal, and this goal conflicted with lapan's stance on the Korean and Manchurian issues. In the end, these tensions contributed to the outbreak of the Russo-Japanese War in 1904. The Korean neutralization policy was originated and conducted by Witte. This was due to Witte and his ministry's involvement in all aspects of Russian foreign affairs. Witte's solution to the Korean problem was always connected with the situation in Manchuria, where the Russians wanted to exercise their extraterritorial rights. He brought up the Korean neutralization policy as a temporary means to defend against the lapanese from "getting into Korea" while Russian troops were actively engaged against the Boxer Rebellion in Manchuria. Witte argued that Japan would be handicapped by the expenditures it was making in Korea and that it would be much more susceptible to Russian pressure, especially once the Transsiberian Railroad was completed. All of which would make it easier for Russia to take possession of Korea later, if circumstances required. In other words, Witte was simply searching for a modus vivendi until Russian preparations were complete. Henceforth Russian troops occupied Manchuria on 7 January 1901, Izvolskii, the Russian Minister to Japan, proposed Korea's neutralization under international guarantees, that is, by Japan and Russia, which in substance would divide the Korean peninsula according to each side's sphere of influence. The Japanese government, however, replied that they would not discuss Korea's neutrality until the Russians took steps to move their armies out of Manchuria. By replying through Chinda, the Japanese Minister to St. Petersburg, Japan by- passed lzvolskii who had been entrusted by the Czar with the authority to negotiate the neutralization issue. The two countries' relations continued to be very strained. The "war crisis" of Spring 1901, caused by the conflict and mutual distrust between Russia and lapan on the Manchurian and Korean questions, had a number of consequences. First, it tended to unite Japanese statesmen who had previously been undecided with the proponents of the Anglo-Japanese alliance. Second, for Witte, Russia's primary concern was to avoid war with Japan, and the best means for solving the Manchurian problem was to renounce any political intentions in Manchuria and limit Russian interests there to the protection the Chinese Eastern Railway's interest as a private company With regards to Korea, he felt that if lapan demanded the country's annexation, the proper course would be to open the issue to international discussion. Even if Japan seized Korea, Russia should not consider it a casus belli. Following the "war crisis," a second neutrality scheme was attempted by Witte himself. In July 1901, when his ideas were accepted as the basis for a plan for the three-stepped e vacuation of Manchuria with some reservations, he approached the Japanese Minister in St. Petersburg and suggested, unofficially, a conditional arrangement regarding the crucial Korean problem. Russia, he said, would agree to a settlement making Korea a neutral area, but allow Japan the right to supply the Korean government with administrative and fmancial advisers as well as with a chief of police. In return, Iapan would officially recognize Russia's preponderance in Manchuria. Witte's practical proposals would have conceded Japan's demands in Korea with some reservations and normalized relations with China. The main concern of Wiitte's counterpart, however, was Korea, and for Japan it was seen as matter of life and death for Japan to keep Russia out of Korea. Japan could not question the actions of Russia in Manchuria merely on the basis of the London Times revelations of reported Russo-Chinese secret ne gotiations to consolidate Russia's occupation of Manchuria. By tying in the Manchurian question with Korea they hoped to ascertain Russia's intentions. The Russian proposal ended in failure because lapan would not enter into an agreement concerning Korea until the fate of Manchuria was decisively settled. Russia did not take this to mean a breakdown in negotiations. In Decernber 1901, while the question of a military retreat from Manchuria was a heated subject of discussion between Russia and China, Witte suggested more specific neutrality terms in St. Petersburg, in talks with Ito, Iapan's former Premier. It is evident that the Russians accepted the Japanese demands with respect to Korea only with the following qualifications: guarantees to maintain Korea's independence, not to use any part of Korean territory for strategic purposes, and not to hinder Russia's free passage through the Korea Strait. In return, Russia was to be left with a free hand in Manchuria. On the other hand, Ito brought with him an itemized plan setting forth Japan's desire for a free hand in Korea commercially, industrially, militarily and politically, as well as offering a guarantee that the country would not be used for military purposes against Russia. In the end, Russia's final plan was refused by the Japanese government. Japan felt compelled to conclude an alliance with England which would provide it with the guarantees it needed for primacy over Korea rather than negotiate an agreement with Russia which would have hindered it in attaining this goal. The last secret attempt by Russia to achieve Korea's neutrality was the proposal for the "Neutralization of Korea under the joint guarantee of the Three Powers, Russia, Japan, and America." This plan was aborted almost as soon as Russia had begun proposing it, mainly because America had already made a decision not to interfere in a matter being pursued by the Japanese government. At the time lapan questioned Russia's approaches to America. It is evident that with the first scheduled evacuation in Manchuria coming soon, Witte probably considered the plan as a way of placating America and to encouraging them to develop a new understanding regarding Korea. To restrict Russia's activities in Manchuria and in support of the Anglo-Iapanese Alliance, the United States demanded the 'Open Door' policy in China. It should be also noted that the fmal neutralization scheme proposed in September 1902 was a more concrete version of the plan "under the joint guarantee of the Powers" which had been formally proposed in January 1901. The main feature of the negotiations on Korea's neutralization between Russia and Japan was that the Russian proposals were repeatedly rejected by the Japanese, who were always one step ahead of Russia. The pattern of Russia's abortive schemes for Korean neutrality did not change in official discussions on the Manchurian and Korean questions after August 1903, the period of so-called "w ar diplomacy." From the Japanese point of view," the neutralization of Korea" meant the sacrifice of its position on the peninsula. In fact, Japan, not yet viewing itself as a fully independent actor, had the support of England and America behind it. Agreeing to anti-Russian common interests, the Western powers did not stint in their promises of diplomatic support to Japan. It can be surmised that the failure of Russia's schemes to neutralize Korea, aimed at putting lapan's imperialistic ambitions to rest, was a by-product of general trends in power politics in East Asia since the last decades of the nineteenth century.

著者

石川 頼一

出版者

公益社団法人 化学工学会

雑誌

化学工学 (ISSN:03759253)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.35, no.2, pp.187-195, 1971-02-05 (Released:2010-10-07)

参考文献数

8

著者

新保 正樹

出版者

The Japanese Society of Snow and Ice

雑誌

雪氷 (ISSN:03731006)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.22, no.2, pp.48-54, 1960 (Released:2009-09-04)

参考文献数

5

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In the case of friction of paraffin and skiing waxes (climbing wax and downhill wax), whose thicknesses were kept constant, μS was found to depend the penetration, whereas μK remained constant in general. (Fig. 1., 2, 3) When the penetration was kept constant and the thickness was varied, μS increased with increasing thickness while μK remained constant. When, kowever, the penetration was made larger or the air temperature was made lower, μK proved to increase slightly with thickness. (Fig. 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10) From early days, the behavior of these skiing waxes has been considered to be mysterious, but the above-mentioned data show that climbing ability coincides with the value of μS which varies with their penetration, film thickness or other factos, and that sliding ability depends upon μK on snow.Thus we can obtain a wax with large μS by adjustment of these factors maintaining the value of μK constant. The ability of these paraffin and skiing waxes can be explained from their frictionthickness diagram. (Fig. 7, 8, 11, 13, 12, 14)

著者

井上 さやか

出版者

日本文学協会

雑誌

日本文学 (ISSN:03869903)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.63, no.6, pp.56-59, 2014-06-10 (Released:2019-06-10)

著者

小浜 基次 加藤 昌太良 欠田 早苗

出版者

The Anthropological Society of Nippon

雑誌

人類學雜誌 (ISSN:00035505)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.72, no.1, pp.24-36, 1964 (Released:2008-02-26)

参考文献数

19

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樺太アイヌは、はじめ1875年に北海道に移住し、1905年に樺太に復帰、1945年にふたたび北海道に移住して今日に至っている。したがってその純血度を追求することは、はなはだ困難である。現代樺太アイヌの形質のうちで原樺太アイヌの特徴として残されている形質は、顔高と鼻高の大きいことである。そのほかの諸特性は認めがたく、恐らくは混血によってその特性を失ったものであろう。現代樺太アイヌの諸形質を総合すれば、北海道混血アイヌにもつとも近似する。体部は北海道純アイヌにやや近く、樺太和人とは遠いが、頭部、顔部は北海道純アイヌよりも和人に接近し、ギリヤーク、オロッコとはもつとも離れている。この研究に協力された現地の方々に対し深甚の謝意を表する。

著者

長島 正明 蓮井 誠 永房 鉄之 美津島 隆

出版者

公益社団法人 日本理学療法士協会

雑誌

理学療法学Supplement Vol.44 Suppl. No.2 (第52回日本理学療法学術大会 抄録集)

巻号頁・発行日

pp.1576, 2017 (Released:2017-04-24)

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【はじめに,目的】自己免疫疾患などの炎症性疾患の急性期治療として,一般的に高用量ステロイド治療(30~60mg/日)が実施される。しかし,高用量ステロイド治療によって,ステロイド筋症が危惧される。主に速筋線維の萎縮が惹起され,筋力低下から転倒リスクが高まる。一方,骨格筋は身体の40%前後の重量を占めている。そこで我々は,筋力の推移は体重の推移から推測できると仮説した。本研究の目的は,高用量ステロイド治療中患者の筋力と体重の推移の関係性を検証することである。【方法】対象は高用量ステロイド治療目的で当院に入院した患者で,運動療法目的にリハビリテーション科に紹介となりADLが自立している17例とした。クレアチンキナーゼの上昇がない間質性肺炎合併皮膚筋炎および多発性筋炎4名,微小変化型ネフローゼ3名,全身性エリテマトーデス2名,肺サルコイドーシス2名,成人スティル病1名,天疱瘡1名,顕微鏡的多発血管炎1名,血管炎1名,非IgA腎症1名,膜性腎症1名で,男性10名女性7名であった。平均年齢は50±14歳,平均在院日数は68±18日,運動療法開始から退院時までの平均期間は49±14日であった。運動療法は,有酸素トレーニングとして嫌気性作業閾値の強度での自転車駆動20-30分,筋力トレーニングとしてスクワット運動や上肢ダンベル運動をBorg Scale13-15の強度で週5回実施した。測定は運動療法開始時と退院時に実施した。筋力は筋機能評価運動装置BIODEXを用い膝屈曲90°位で等尺性膝伸展最大筋力を測定した。体重,ステロイド服用量を診療録より記録した。骨格筋量は体組成計インボディを用い計測した。運動療法開始時と退院時の比較に,対応のあるt検定を用いた。また,筋力変化率と体重変化率の関係は,Pearsonの相関係数を用いた。有意水準は5%未満とした。結果は平均±標準偏差で示す。【結果】運動療法開始時/退院時で,1日あたりのステロイド服用量は45±8/30±5mgであった。体重は56.8±12.6/54.2±10.7kg(変化率-4.0±4.6%),骨格筋量は23.5±6.1/22.1±5.8kg(変化率-5.7±6.0%),膝伸展筋力は右113±60/101±58Nm(変化率-9.3±24.9%),左109±59/101±60Nm(変化率-6.8±27.1%)で有意に低下した。体重変化率と右膝伸展筋力変化率(r=0.67 p=0.004),体重変化率と左膝伸展筋力変化率(r=0.57 p=0.018)は有意に相関した。【結論】高用量ステロイド治療中患者の筋力は,運動療法を実施したにも関わらず有意に低下した。高用量ステロイド治療中患者の筋力減少と体重減少は有意に相関した。したがって,高用量ステロイド治療中患者において,筋力測定をせずとも体重減少から筋力低下を推測でき,転倒リスクの把握に有益である可能性がある。

著者

鶴島 暁

出版者

日本医学哲学・倫理学会

雑誌

医学哲学 医学倫理 (ISSN:02896427)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.29, pp.26-34, 2011-09-30 (Released:2018-02-01)

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In this paper I consider the arguments for the moral status of human embryos from a Christian viewpoint. First I address the position which claims that "the embryo at the moment of conception, i.e. at fertilization, is a person." I focus on the Vatican's strong position which argues vigorously and repeatedly for the protection of early embryos. In this paper I use the word "Vatican" to refer to the teaching authority of the Roman Catholic Church and magisterium, papal pronouncements, the Congregation for the Doctrine of the Faith, the Pontifical Academy for Life and so forth. This is because not all Catholic theologians and ethicists agree with this strong position or reject hES cell research. In this section I take a similar position to the Vatican's. Secondly, I deal with the opposing position which gives the green light to hES cell research because it does not consider the pre-embryo to be a person. And thirdly, I address the response to that criticism by the Vatican. Finally I investigate what the key question is and what kind of issue influences each argument in this debate on the moral status of embryos.

著者

山本 幾生

出版者

日本ディルタイ協会

雑誌

ディルタイ研究 (ISSN:09142983)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.1996, no.9, pp.15-32, 1996 (Released:2022-02-03)

著者

伊田 勝憲

出版者

心理科学研究会

雑誌

心理科学 (ISSN:03883299)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.28, no.2, pp.28-41, 2008-05-30 (Released:2017-09-10)

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Various problems in adolescence or transition from childhood to adolescence have been considered deriving from identity diffusion. Recently, some researchers say that the construct of Erikson's identity becomes outdated. But identity diffusion should be reconsidered relating resolutions of the crises in other (previous) stages of psychosocial development. This study clarified the operational definition of Eriksonian industry by surveying Japanese version of four subscales to measure the crisis of latency because there are not many papers on Erikson's forth stage (industry vs. inferiority). According to the view of Kowaz et al., industry consists of three components (cognitive, behavioral and affective), and the items in four subscales cover most of them. But it is necessary to further investigate several aspects of these components, especially the relationship among competition, cooperation and industry. In addition, this study examines a new construct of assumed-competence, which is defined as emotion based on undervaluing others and low self-esteem, in connection with problem of psychosocial development. The new findings were that the undergraduates who demonstrated low assumed-competence showed a more satisfactory resolution to the crises of industry and identity than the subjects showing high assumed-competence, and that assumed-competence significantly correlated with competitive achievement motive, not with achievement motive for self-fulfillment. The pursuit of learning motivation based on the sense of industry is an issue in the future.

著者

根岸 英彦

出版者

一般社団法人 電気設備学会

雑誌

電気設備学会誌 (ISSN:09100350)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.34, no.2, pp.98-101, 2014-02-10 (Released:2014-09-03)

参考文献数

7