著者

井上 和章 清水 ミシェル・アイズマン 沖田 一彦

出版者

理学療法科学学会

雑誌

理学療法科学 (ISSN:13411667)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.25, no.3, pp.323-328, 2010 (Released:2010-07-28)

参考文献数

18

被引用文献数

6 3

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〔目的〕脳卒中片麻痺者の自立歩行能力を判別するのに有効な指標について検討した。〔対象〕脳卒中発症後1ヶ月以上経過した片麻痺者62名(歩行自立群34名,非自立群28名)であった。〔方法〕歩行時に必要と考えられる運動機能と認知機能を,Functional Balance Scale(FBS)下位4項目(立位保持・移乗・前方リーチ・360°回転)のテストと,‘Stops walking when talking' test(SWWT)によって評価した。なお,FBSは境界点への到達項目数で判定した。統計的手法としては,二群間で各調査項目の差異を比較し,有意差の認められた項目を独立変数に,歩行自立度を従属変数にしてロジスティック回帰分析を行った。〔結果〕1) FBS4項目到達・SWWT歩行継続,2) FBS4項目到達・SWWT歩行停止,3) FBS3項目到達・SWWT歩行継続の場合には自立歩行が可能と判定された。〔結語〕境界点への到達項目数という新たな視点からFBSを用いるとともに,歩行中の認知機能評価という新たな指標を取り入れることで,より実践的な自立歩行能力の把握が可能になると考えられた。今後は縦断的かつ前向きな調査を行い,判断指標としての妥当性を検証していく必要がある。

著者

Takuya Matsumoto Satoshi Kodera Hiroki Shinohara Hirotaka Ieki Toshihiro Yamaguchi Yasutomi Higashikuni Arihiro Kiyosue Kaoru Ito Jiro Ando Eiki Takimoto Hiroshi Akazawa Hiroyuki Morita Issei Komuro

出版者

International Heart Journal Association

雑誌

International Heart Journal (ISSN:13492365)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.61, no.4, pp.781-786, 2020-07-30 (Released:2020-07-30)

参考文献数

13

被引用文献数

26

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The development of deep learning technology has enabled machines to achieve high-level accuracy in interpreting medical images. While many previous studies have examined the detection of pulmonary nodules in chest X-rays using deep learning, the application of this technology to heart failure remains rare. In this paper, we investigated the performance of a deep learning algorithm in terms of diagnosing heart failure using images obtained from chest X-rays. We used 952 chest X-ray images from a labeled database published by the National Institutes of Health. Two cardiologists verified and relabeled a total of 260 "normal" and 378 "heart failure" images, with the remainder being discarded because they had been incorrectly labeled. Data augmentation and transfer learning were used to obtain an accuracy of 82% in diagnosing heart failure using the chest X-ray images. Furthermore, heatmap imaging allowed us to visualize decisions made by the machine. Deep learning can thus help support the diagnosis of heart failure using chest X-ray images.

著者

松永 伸太朗

出版者

長野大学

雑誌

長野大学紀要 = BULLETIN OF NAGANO UNIVERSITY (ISSN:02875438)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.42, no.1, pp.137-143, 2020-07-31

著者

後藤 聖紀

出版者

近畿大学文芸学部

雑誌

文学・芸術・文化 (ISSN:13445146)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.20, no.1, pp.132-118, 2008-09

著者

Toshinori Hirai Ryosuke Yamaga Motoki Kei Keiko Hosohata Toshimasa Itoh

出版者

The Pharmaceutical Society of Japan

雑誌

Biological and Pharmaceutical Bulletin (ISSN:09186158)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.43, no.11, pp.1742-1748, 2020-11-01 (Released:2020-11-01)

参考文献数

34

被引用文献数

4

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Although hypokalemia is an adverse effect of Yokukansan preparation, especially in geriatric patients, its association with age is unclear. We investigated whether age is a risk factor for hypokalemia. This single-center retrospective cohort study, conducted at Tokyo Women’s Medical University, Medical Center East between June 2015 and May 2019, included patients who received the Yokukansan preparation. The primary outcome was hypokalemia (serum potassium level: < 3.0 mEq/L). A multivariate Cox proportional hazard model was used to determine risk factors, hazard ratio (HR) and 95% confidence interval (95% CI). The cut-off age was also examined. Of 665 patients (median age: 78 years; interquartile range: 68–84 years), 55 (8.3%) developed hypokalemia associated with Yokukansan preparation. Risk factors for hypokalemia were age (HR: 1.013, 95% CI: 1.006–1.021, p < 0.001), dementia (HR: 0.500, 95% CI: 0.357–0.682, p < 0.001), serum albumin level (HR: 0.754, 95% CI: 0.669–0.850, p < 0.001), and daily Yokukansan preparation dose ≥ 7.5 g (HR: 1.446, 95% CI: 1.144–1.850, p = 0.002). The cut-off ages were >75 and >80 years but not 65 years and >70 years. Clinicians should assess risk factors and monitor serum potassium levels to avoid hypokalemia associated with the Yokukansan preparation.

出版者

美華書館鉛印

巻号頁・発行日

1864

著者

前川 真由子

出版者

国立民族学博物館

雑誌

国立民族学博物館研究報告 = Bulletin of the National Museum of Ethnology (ISSN:0385180X)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.42, no.1, pp.71-118, 2017-09-29

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本論は人々が考える「理想的なオーストラリア」を同国の反捕鯨思想の中から考察していくものである。長らくオーストラリアでは反捕鯨思想が広く支持されており,鯨に対する人道主義的な立場が取られてきた。先行研究では鯨に対する人道主義を,モラル・キャピタルといったトランスナショナルな反捕鯨思想の広がりの中で展開されてきた概念と共に考察し,動物との関係性から西洋近代的な人間像を追求していく人々の様子を明らかにしている。一方で本論は先行研究に依拠しながらも,これまでの議論では言及されることの少なかったオーストラリアに特有の歴史的,政治的,地理的な文脈から,同国で高まる反捕鯨の社会的背景を紐解いていく作業を試みたい。特に,「われわれのオーストラリア」や「われわれオーストラリア人」といった人々が想像する理想的なオーストラリアが,鯨を含む自然を媒介にして描かれる様子を彼らの語りから分析していく。

著者

Daisuke SUMIYAMA Ikuno HAYASHIDA Tomoko KANAZAWA Hiroshi ANZAI Koichi MURATA

出版者

JAPANESE SOCIETY OF VETERINARY SCIENCE

雑誌

Journal of Veterinary Medical Science (ISSN:09167250)

巻号頁・発行日

pp.19-0632, (Released:2020-09-16)

被引用文献数

1

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We investigated the prevalence of Salmonella enterica and its antimicrobial resistance from 79 green anoles, the invasive alien species inhabits Haha-jima of the Ogasawara archipelago. Samples were collected during the period between 2009 and 2010. The resistance of S. enterica of these samples against 12 common antimicrobial agents was also determined. Salmonella strains, including serovar Oranienburg and Aberdeen, were detected from the large intestines of 30.4% of 79 green anole samples. And 37.5% of which were resistant to Oxytetracycline. This study suggests that green anoles may play an important role of the infection of S. enterica on this island. Attention is needed from the aspect of public and ecological health.

著者

深田 淳太郎

出版者

日本文化人類学会

雑誌

文化人類学 (ISSN:13490648)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.71, no.3, pp.391-404, 2006-12-31 (Released:2017-08-28)

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The Tolai people in the province of East New Britain, Papua New Guinea, have long used a form of shell money called tabu. They use that indigenous currency for various purposes: as "bride price," as a valuable shown and distributed in rituals, and as a medium of commercial exchange. These days, the provincial government is planning to recognize the tabu as the second legal tender in the province alongside the kina, which is the legal tender for all of Papua New Guinea. In this article, I will consider how these two currencies coexist and relate to each other, especially as media of exchange. Analyzing several practical cases of transactions, I will show that the relation between the two currencies falls into three patterns, as follows: (1) The two currencies are used for discrete transactions that differ in terms of the goods exchanged, as well as the situation, and so on. For example, only the tabu can be used as payment for initiation ceremonies into a secret society, and only the kina can be used in stores in town. They form different spheres of exchange that are exclusive to each other and have their own intrinsic value. (2) Either of the two currencies may be used for transactions that deal with the same goods in the same situation. In such transaction, both the tabu and the kina form a common standard of value via a fixed exchange rate. For example, in small village stores, various goods are valued under this single standard and are sold in both currencies. And these days, one can pay taxes, court fines and other fees at the government office using either of the currencies. (3) Besides pattern (2), this pattern involves the use of both currencies for the same kind of transactions, without necessarily maintaining a common value standard between the two. The use of both currencies takes place in an incoherent fashion for the exchange of exactly the same goods in the same situation. Transactions of this kind are typically seen by small vendors who deal in snacks and small goods used after a funeral. Patterns (1) and (2) can be understood as a single model, in which the tabu and kina keep their own separate spheres of exchange while maintaining an overlapping common area in each of their peripheries. In that common area, the two currencies are used together for various transactions under a fixed standard of value. But, at the same time, transactions according to those patterns keep the clear distinction between the two spheres of exchange. Meanwhile, this single model does not include the other pattern, pattern (3), in which the tabu and kina are used for similar transactions without having a common standard of value. That means that the two currencies can coexist and be used together, albeit incoherently, without adjusting the value through an exchange rate. As described above, the model that integrates patterns (1) and (2) is not consistent with pattern (3). But that is never an either-or situation. The relation between the tabu and kina in Tolai society is what allows these three inconsistent patterns to exist simultaneously.

著者

小陳 左和子 矢野 恵子

出版者

国公私立大学図書館協力委員会

雑誌

大学図書館研究 (ISSN:03860507)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.109, pp.2015, 2018-08-31 (Released:2018-09-15)

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著者が出版料を支払うことによって学術論文を出版と同時にオープンアクセスにする方式は,今やジャーナル出版社のビジネスモデルの一つとして拡大している。本稿ではまず,著者支払型のゴールド・オープンアクセスを巡る状況を概観した上で,現在欧米の大学が,従来型の電子ジャーナル購読と著者支払型のオープンアクセスについてどのように整理し対応しているのかを解説する。次に,日本の大学図書館コンソーシアム連合(JUSTICE)における,国内研究者の論文公表実態調査を中心とした取り組みについて報告し,最後に今後の展望に関しても言及する。

著者

町田 明広

出版者

神田外語大学日本研究所

雑誌

神田外語大学日本研究所紀要 = The bulletin of the Research Institute for Japanese Studies, Kanda University of International Studies (ISSN:13403699)

巻号頁・発行日

no.11, pp.1-28, 2019-03

著者

髙橋 誠 高山 慎太郎 須賀 秀行 門村 将太 小島 雅和 岩尾 一生 武田 清孝 佐藤 秀紀 小林 道也 齊藤 浩司

出版者

公益社団法人 日本薬学会

雑誌

YAKUGAKU ZASSHI (ISSN:00316903)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.140, no.1, pp.81-90, 2020-01-01 (Released:2020-01-01)

参考文献数

16

被引用文献数

3

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We previously reported the association of the estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFRcreat) calculated from the serum creatinine level (S-Cr) measured using the Jaffe method with the GFR (eGFRcys) estimated from the serum cystatin C level (CysC). However, few studies have compared the eGFRcreat using the enzymatic method with the eGFRcys. It is unclear whether there are differences in the results of renal function assessment. The purpose of this study was to compare the eGFRcreat calculated from the S-Cr with the eGFRcys calculated from the CysC in patients in whom the S-Cr and CysC were simultaneously measured using the enzymatic method, examine the correlations of respective parameters, and clarify physiological factors involved in differences among the parameters. The subjects were 1334 patients treated in 5 institutions. The mean values and correlation coefficient were statistically analyzed using Student's t-test and Pearson's test, respectively. Influential factors between formulae were analyzed using multiple regression analysis. The mean eGFRcreat was 67.0 mL/min/1.73 m2, being significantly higher than the mean eGFRcys (63.2). Multiple regression analysis showed that factors influencing differences in the S-Cr and CysC included the sex, age, serum albumin, and blood urea nitrogen BUN/S-Cr. Furthermore, factors involved in the overestimation of the eGFRcreat in comparison with the eGFRcys included the serum albumin and BUN/S-Cr. The differences between the eGFRcreat calculated from the S-Cr and eGFRcys were less marked than when adopting the Jaffe method in our previous study. However, the eGFRcreat were higher than the eGFRcys in patients with malnutrition or dehydration.

著者

井上 義和

出版者

社会学研究会

雑誌

ソシオロジ (ISSN:05841380)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.51, no.2, pp.75-90,146, 2006-10-31 (Released:2016-03-23)

参考文献数

13

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The purpose of this paper is to analyze the relationship between birth order, occupational mobility and the opportunity to enter selective middle schools, making use of an individual data set from Hyogo Prefecture's Daiichi Kobe Middle School ("KobeIttyu"). The challenge here is to clarify the different roles a family expects of its children, in keeping with the order of their birth in this modern era when considering educational opportunities and occupational mobility. The following approach was used in this analysis. First, we defined the Eldest Son's Priority (ESP) of opportunity to enter a selective middle school as the ratio between expectation and observation of the rate for eldest sons, calculated using data for birth order and sibling constitution. Second, we compared two different regions by refering to recent results for Yamagata Prefecture's Tsuruoka Middle School. The following are the main findings of this analysis: (1) The occupational mobility pattern at Kobe-Ittyu is characterized by a remarkable tendency, namely that the business sector (eg. company employees, merchants and artisans) and the nonprofit sector (eg. public servants, teachers and farmers) reproduce thems elve s. (2) The ESP of opportunity to enter a selective middle school was higher in Kobe than it was in Tsuruoka. This tendency was true regardless of family business. In other words, the standard of ESP was more influenced by region than by occupation. (3) The ESP of opportunity to enter Kobe-Ittyu showed a tendency to increase in the business sector but decrease in the nonprofit sector. But the group that maintained the highest level was that of public servants who belong to the nonprofit sector. (4) Within the business sector, the relationships between entering a selective middle school and gaining occupation in commerce or industry were as follows. In the modern commercial sector, the two connected without conflict. For the industrial sector, however, they separated and conflicted with one another while for the traditional commercial sector, they did not conflict but connected negatively.

著者

木戸照陽 編

出版者

田中宋栄堂

巻号頁・発行日

1890

著者

岸本 真弓 金子 弥生

出版者

日本哺乳類学会

雑誌

哺乳類科学 (ISSN:0385437X)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.45, no.2, pp.237-250, 2005 (Released:2006-12-27)

参考文献数

18

被引用文献数

6

著者

植田 弘師 松永 隼人 永井 潤 水田 賢志 田中 義正 水谷 龍明 内田 仁司

出版者

長崎大学

雑誌

基盤研究(A)

巻号頁・発行日

2014-04-01

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LPAシグナルは神経障害性疼痛、線維筋痛症モデルの形成と維持機構の共通鍵分子である事を明らかにし、創薬標的分子に対する阻害剤探索やin slico解析、最適化合成を行った。慢性疼痛は免疫系を含む複数のフィードフォワード機構により構成されることを見出したので、特異的薬剤処置やLPAプライミングした培養アストロサイト、iPS細胞、T細胞をin vivo疼痛機構に再構成する研究を実施した。その結果、ミクログリアLPA3受容体-サイトカインによる形成・維持機構、アストロサイトLPA1受容体-ケモカインによる維持機構が主な仕組みであることが明らかになった。

著者

定兼 邦彦

出版者

一般社団法人情報処理学会

雑誌

情報処理 (ISSN:04478053)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.48, no.8, pp.899-902, 2007-08-15

被引用文献数

1

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データ列に対して検索効率などを効率化するため,索引を付加することがある.演算を効率化するために,データに対して特定の情報を付加したものを,ここではデータ構造と呼ぶこととする.本稿ではこのようなデータ構造のうち,もとのデータの長さnに対してo(n)程度の付加情報のみを与える,簡潔データ構造と呼ばれる分野について解説する.特に,最も基本的かつ応用範囲の広いビットベクトルに関する簡潔データ構造に焦点を当てる.ビットベクトルBに対して,先頭からi番目までのビット中の1の数を与えるrank1(B i)と,i番目の1の位置を与える select1(B i)という演算は,基本的かつ重要な演算である.これらの演算が定数時間で可能な簡潔データ構造について,具体的なデータ構造とアルゴリズムを紹介し,次に付加するデータサイズの下界についての結果を示し,最後に今後の展望について述べる.

著者

木村 利昭 藤原 正弘 小川 敬子 藤野 良子 相良 康重 神武 正信 井筒 雅 中島 一郎

出版者

公益社団法人 日本農芸化学会

雑誌

日本農芸化学会誌 (ISSN:00021407)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.70, no.12, pp.1343-1350, 1996-12-01 (Released:2008-02-14)

参考文献数

25

被引用文献数

2 3

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A scanning electron microscope (SEM) was used to study the morphology of starch granules and the strength of market Udon (Japanese noodles), that is, fresh Udon, frozen Udon and cooled Udon after cooking. Udon samples were cooked for a given time and observed with SEM and also we measured the breaking strength. The following results were obtained. 1.The degree of swelling of starch granules in cooked Udon samples differed with the position from the surface. The starch granules near the surface swelled extremely and did not retain their original granular form. 2.A black ring was observed in the cross-section of all cooked Udon in SEM images. The black ring may be caused by the difference in the water content between near the surface and the core of cooked Udon. 3.The starch granules in the core of cooked Udon had a distinct form, but they were not a round shape. The shallow surface layer of each starch granule swelled and gave high contrast. The core of the each starch granule showed low contrast because of its compact structure, which looked black in the SEM images. The area of the black zone was different among Udon samples. 4.There was a correlation between the total area of low contrast zone in the starch granules and the breaking strength of Udon. The area of low contrast zone can be used for an evaluation scale of cooked Udon.

著者

讃美歌委員会 編

出版者

警醒社[ほか]

巻号頁・発行日

vol.[第1篇], 1910

著者

丸山 正三

出版者

藤女子大学人間生活学部人間生活学科

雑誌

人間生活学研究 (ISSN:13467069)

巻号頁・発行日

no.26, pp.9-21, 2019-03