著者
藤﨑 渉
出版者
一般社団法人日本地球化学会
雑誌
地球化学 (ISSN:03864073)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.57, no.1, pp.13-29, 2023-03-25 (Released:2023-03-25)
参考文献数
107

The biodiversity crisis across the Triassic–Jurassic boundary (TJB; ca. 201 Ma) is characterized by one of the largest mass extinctions in the Phanerozoic. Significant increases in the extinction rate of marine fauna, and major turnovers in terrestrial vegetation and vertebrate groups, have been well documented across the TJB. In addition to the extinction, several unique geological events around the TJB were recognized; i.e., the emplacement of the Central Atlantic Magmatic Provinces (CAMP) which is associated with the breakup of Pangea, meteorite impact, carbon cycle perturbations, widespread ocean anoxia, and ocean acidification. In the last decade, based on of the numerous data-set obtained from the peri-Pangean shelf sequences, major advances have been made in our understanding of the TJB biotic crisis, related environmental changes, and the CAMP volcanism. However, the casual relationships between the CAMP volcanism and extinction-related environmental changes of global context still remain unclear due to the lack of data from pelagic domains. Here, I introduce my recent studies about the mid-superocean Panthalassa, which occupied major portion of the global ocean during the Triassic-Jurassic transition, and discuss the future prospects at the end of the paper.
著者
小林 渓紳 那須 高志
出版者
Saitama Physical Therapy Association
雑誌
理学療法 - 臨床・研究・教育 (ISSN:1880893X)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.30, no.1, pp.25-29, 2023 (Released:2023-09-01)
参考文献数
10

本研究の目的は大腿骨近位部骨折患者において,歩行の再獲得までの時期や歩行様式について,荷重率の観点から術後早期に予後予測が可能かを検討したものである。受傷前は自宅居住し,屋内外を独歩またはT-caneにて自立していた者40例を対象に年齢,性別,手術時間,麻酔時間,手術待機日数,術中出血量術,術後の生化学データをカルテから調査した。それらを術後7日目に73.8%以上の荷重率を獲得した者24例と獲得できなかった者16例の2群に分類し,2群間で各因子について比較検討した。その結果,73.8%以上の荷重率を獲得できなかった群は,術後CRP,WBCのピーク値,術後7日目の荷重時痛が有意に高値であった。そのため,術後の炎症が強い患者は受傷前歩行獲得が難しくなる可能性が示唆された。
著者
原田 敬子 平田 純生 奥平 由子 閑田 なるみ 山澤 紀子 山本 員久 東 治人 安田 英煥 小野 秀太
出版者
The Japanese Society for Dialysis Therapy
雑誌
日本透析医学会雑誌 (ISSN:13403451)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.38, no.3, pp.213-217, 2005-03-28 (Released:2010-03-16)
参考文献数
11
被引用文献数
2 1

H2拮抗薬ラフチジンによると思われる幻覚・幻視, 異常発言などの精神神経症状がみられた血液透析患者2症例を経験した. 症例1は64歳男性, ラフチジン20mg/日を10日間投与した後, 幻覚・幻視を訴えた. 症例2は55歳男性, ラフチジン20mg/日開始後6か月目より幻覚症状が発現し, その際の血漿ラフチジン濃度は918.8ng/mL (透析前) であり, それは腎機能正常者に同量投与した時の平均ピーク濃度の4.5倍であった. 2症例ともラフチジン投与中止後精神症状が速やかに消失したことから本剤の中毒症状であると考えられた. ラフチジン錠は尿中未変化体排泄率は10.9%であるもののバイオアベイラビリティが不明である. そのため腎機能に応じた投与設計は容易ではなく, 透析患者に対しては他の腎排泄型H2拮抗薬と同様に慎重に投与する必要があると思われた.
著者
清水 麻子
出版者
日本メディア学会
雑誌
マス・コミュニケーション研究 (ISSN:13411306)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.94, pp.169-186, 2019-01-31 (Released:2019-06-06)
参考文献数
9

This paper clarifies the relationship between solidarity activities by journalistnetworks in Japan and the possibility of supporting socially vulnerable people.The Japanese mainstream media, which is vast and bureaucratized, onlyexamines superficial aspects of the lives of socially vulnerable people, such aspoverty and violence. In recent years, however, the existence of a journalistnetwork which goes beyond the framework of companies and individuals hasbeen confirmed by the complexity of social structure and the increasing sophisticationof information. The organizational form of network is diverse andincludes NPOs, NGOs, and voluntary organizations, which work to solve thesame social problems. This article focuses on the relationship between the activity of the Baratogestudy group, an association of female journalists consisting of more than600 female journalists from Japanese TV stations and newspaper companies,and the relationship between this association and legislation. So far, the dominant discourse has been about “terrible mothers who abandontheir babies after giving birth” based on “motherhood” thinking. However,the network declared a new agenda of helping “suffering pregnant women andchildren who should be helped together.” Furthermore, they delivered a messageto policy makers through repeated coverage. In this study, I used discourseand agenda setting analysis to track the process. This showed the possibility that women’s solidarity together with empathy could mobilize politics andsociety, thereby supporting vulnerable people.
著者
上條 菜美子 湯川 進太郎
出版者
公益社団法人 日本心理学会
雑誌
心理学研究 (ISSN:00215236)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.85, no.5, pp.445-454, 2014 (Released:2014-12-25)
参考文献数
53
被引用文献数
7 2

This study examined the factors that influence meaning making and rumination related to stressful events. Six hypothetical scenarios were used, all of which were contextualized stressful events. Participants (N = 779) completed a questionnaire about one of the six scenarios, which assessed the possibility of preventing the event, the probability of the event occurring, the perceived threat of the event, the frequency of rumination, and meaning making. They completed a scale that assessed self-rumination and self-reflection as a way of thinking, and a scale that assessed executive function. Executive function and self-rumination were negatively correlated. Furthermore, self-rumination positively correlated with the frequency of rumination on the event. The perceived threat was high when the probability of the event occurring was low and the possibility of preventing the event was high. Although the perceived threat of the event inhibited meaning making, this was promoted by mediating the frequency of rumination. Self-reflection also directly promoted meaning making. Therefore, this study highlighted a number of factors that affect rumination and meaning making.
著者
石塚 恭子 田中 健二郎 竹内 俊充 長澤 恒保 戸苅 彰史
出版者
日本歯科薬物療法学会
雑誌
歯科薬物療法 (ISSN:02881012)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.36, no.3, pp.81-88, 2017 (Released:2017-12-27)
参考文献数
75

Fracture risk increases substantially with age due to decreased bone density and muscle mass, and also problems with vision and balance. In the elderly, medication used to treat non-skeletal disorders is one of the causes of bone fracture accompanying decreased QOL. Increased fracture risk by medication is based on either adverse drug reactions on bone metabolism or adverse drug events such as falls. The use of fall risk-increasing drugs (FRIDs), such as opioids, dopaminergic agents, anxiolytics, antidepressants and hypnotics/sedatives, have been demonstrated to increase risk of fracture. Furthermore, in addition to FRIDs, many drugs have been found to affect bone mass and fracture risk as a result of the side effects on bone metabolism. The present article reviews the current understanding of several drugs influencing fracture risk. In particular, drugs affecting fracture risk through sympathetic neuronal activity are also discussed.

5 0 0 0 OA 二眼の二郎神

著者
二階堂 善弘
出版者
関西大学大学院東アジア文化研究科
雑誌
東アジア文化交渉研究 = Journal of East Asian cultural interaction studies (ISSN:18827748)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.7, pp.217-228, 2014-03-31

Well known as three eyed God Erlangshen 二郎神, but who had only two eyes in Ming dynasty. There are no portrait of threee yed Erlangshen in Fengshen Bang 封神榜 and Xiyouji 西遊記. Perhaps this effect from another three eyes of God Huaguang 華光. And briefing of the Erwangmiao 二王廟 in Dujiangyan Sichuan.
著者
Koki Aoki Tomoya Sato Eijiro Takeuchi Yoshiki Ninomiya Junichi Meguro
出版者
Fuji Technology Press Ltd.
雑誌
Journal of Robotics and Mechatronics (ISSN:09153942)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.35, no.2, pp.435-444, 2023-04-20 (Released:2023-04-20)
参考文献数
23
被引用文献数
3

To realize autonomous vehicle safety, it is important to accurately estimate the vehicle’s pose. As one of the localization techniques, 3D point cloud registration is commonly used. However, pose errors are likely to occur when there are few features in the surrounding environment. Although many studies have been conducted on estimating error distribution of 3D point cloud registration, the real environment is not reflected. This paper presents real-time error covariance estimation in 3D point cloud registration according to the surrounding environment. The proposed method provides multiple initial poses for iterative optimization in the registration method. Using converged poses in multiple searches, the error covariance reflecting the real environment is obtained. However, the initial poses were limited to directions in which the pose error was likely to occur. Hence, the limited search efficiently determined local optima of the registration. In addition, the process was conducted within 10 Hz, which is laser imaging detection and ranging (LiDAR) period; however, the execution time exceeded 100 ms in some places. Therefore, further improvement is necessary.
著者
山本 健一 鄭 雄一 光嶋 勲 大庭 伸介 矢野 文子
出版者
東京大学
雑誌
基盤研究(C)
巻号頁・発行日
2011

ヒスタミンH2受容体拮抗薬(H2ブロッカー)が異所性骨化や石灰沈着性腱炎の治療に奏功するという報告があるがその基礎的研究報告はなく、メカニズムは不明。本研究ではH2ブロッカーを介した腱の石灰化抑制のメカニズムを基礎的に調査した。H2ブロッカーの中でも力価の高いファモチジンを選択し、in vitroで腱由来細胞TTD6と骨芽細胞系細胞MC3T3-E1においてファモチジンが石灰化抑制することを確認。次にin vivoでアキレス腱が異所性石灰するTTWマウスを用い、ファモチジンが異所性石灰を抑制することを証明。以上よりファモチジンが異所性石灰化に対する治療薬として基礎的にもその効果が証明された。
著者
西川 洋史
出版者
一般社団法人 日本理科教育学会
雑誌
理科教育学研究 (ISSN:13452614)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.62, no.3, pp.675-680, 2022-03-31 (Released:2022-03-31)
参考文献数
8

生物分類や発生生物学領域の研究で作製される透明骨格標本は,生体標本にアリザリンレッドSやアルシアンブルーなどの染色液を浸透させ,硬骨及び軟骨を染色後に内臓・筋肉の組織を透明にした標本である。透明骨格標本の作製方法は様々であるが,一般的にホルマリンや水酸化カリウムなどの危険な化学薬品を使うことが多い。脂質除去に用いるキシレンやアセトンなどの有機溶剤は,臭気が強いため,生徒によっては気分が悪くなることがある。このような安全性や快適性の問題から,授業において生徒に透明骨格標本を作製させることは難しい。タンパク質分解で用いるトリプシンや透徹に使う高純度グリセリンは高価であり,中高等学校における生徒実験としてルーチン化するにはコスト面で問題がある。また,透徹処理で使用する水酸化カリウムは,強アルカリのため生徒が扱う際には注意喚起と皮膚接触時の対応が必要であり,安全性に気をつける必要がある。しかし,透明骨格標本の製作過程では,生体をほとんど解体する必要がないため,微細な骨を紛失することがなく,骨の立体配置やバランスもほぼ完全に保存されている。従って,骨と内臓の位置関係や運動機能,発生を考えるのに適した教材と言える。例えば海洋環境教育や理科教育における持続的発展教育ESD(Education for Sustainable Development)での活用事例がある。そこで本研究では,安全性向上のために透徹用試薬を検討した。具体的にはトリプシンの代わりにパパインを使用した。また,水酸化カリウムとグリセリンの代わりに各種弱アルカリ物質と洗剤を検討した。その結果,リン酸水素ニナトリウム飽和溶液が透徹に効果的であることがわかった。
出版者
日本鼻科学会
雑誌
日本鼻科学会会誌 (ISSN:09109153)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.56, no.4, pp.487-556, 2017 (Released:2017-12-27)
被引用文献数
21 21
著者
Hayato Kimura Keita Emura Takanori Isobe Ryoma Ito Kazuto Ogawa Toshihiro Ohigashi
出版者
情報処理学会
雑誌
情報処理学会論文誌 (ISSN:18827764)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.64, no.9, 2023-09-15

Cryptanalysis in a blackbox setting using deep learning is powerful because it does not require the attacker to have knowledge about the internal structure of the cryptographic algorithm. Thus, it is necessary to design a symmetric key cipher that is secure against cryptanalysis using deep learning. Kimura et al. (AIoTS 2022) investigated deep learning-based attacks on the small PRESENT-[4] block cipher with limited component changes, identifying characteristics specific to these attacks which remain unaffected by linear/differential cryptanalysis. Finding such characteristics is important because exploiting such characteristics can make the target cipher vulnerable to deep learning-based attacks. Thus, this paper extends a previous method to explore clues for designing symmetric-key cryptographic algorithms that are secure against deep learning-based attacks. We employ small PRESENT-[4] with two weak S-boxes, which are known to be weak against differential/linear attacks, to clarify the relationship between classical and deep learning-based attacks. As a result, we demonstrated the success probability of our deep learning-based whitebox analysis tends to be affected by the success probability of classical cryptanalysis methods. And we showed our whitebox analysis achieved the same attack capability as traditional methods even when the S-box of the target cipher was changed to a weak one.------------------------------This is a preprint of an article intended for publication Journal ofInformation Processing(JIP). This preprint should not be cited. Thisarticle should be cited as: Journal of Information Processing Vol.31(2023) (online)DOI http://dx.doi.org/10.2197/ipsjjip.31.550------------------------------