著者
名徳 倫明 仲下 知佐子 北出 尚子 岡 隆志 中村 紗矢香 梅谷 亮介 瀬名波 宏昌 岩本 千晶 田河 みゆき 浦嶋 庸子 廣谷 芳彦
出版者
一般社団法人日本医療薬学会
雑誌
医療薬学 (ISSN:1346342X)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.40, no.6, pp.334-343, 2014-06-10 (Released:2015-06-10)
参考文献数
18
被引用文献数
4 3

Pharmacists need to check prescriptions of parenteral lipid emulsions from various aspects due to the many difficulties that occur when administering them. Thus, we performed a questionnaire survey on the usage of and current involvement of pharmacists in administering parenteral lipid emulsions. Pharmaceutical departments of 381 institutions in Osaka Prefecture participated in this survey between June 1 and July 31, 2012. The questionnaire contained items including the characteristics of the hospital, usage of parenteral lipid emulsions, and current prescription-checking by pharmacists. A hundred and twelve institutions (29.4%) responded to the survey; parenteral lipid emulsions were used in 96 institutions. Some institutions appropriately used them but others did not. Additionally, in some institutions, pharmacists did not check the prescriptions for detailed items, such as the dosing rate and administration route. Furthermore, we observed a trend toward more items indicating the inappropriate use of these emulsions and less involvement of pharmacists in institutions without compared to with a nutrition support team (NST). These current situations were considered to largely relate to the number of pharmacists and whether NST therapists (pharmacists) are available. In the future, pharmacists should significantly contribute to nutritional and risk management in in-hospital team medicine.
著者
近藤 直
出版者
公益社団法人 精密工学会
雑誌
精密工学会誌 (ISSN:09120289)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.81, no.9, pp.824-827, 2015-09-05 (Released:2015-09-05)
参考文献数
12
著者
小口 達也 小田垣 雅人 野口 直人 近藤 健 秋山 稜登 李 範爽
出版者
一般社団法人 電気学会
雑誌
電気学会論文誌C(電子・情報・システム部門誌) (ISSN:03854221)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.142, no.5, pp.563-568, 2022-05-01 (Released:2022-05-01)
参考文献数
14
被引用文献数
1

The purpose of this study was to assess the influence of ageing on reaching motion using a simple and quantitative method. An Electronic Evaluation System of Upper Extremity Function incorporating a motion sensor was used to monitor kinematic changes during a whack-a-mole type task. Sixteen healthy elderly adults (3 males and 13 females, mean age 78.8±6.0 years) and nineteen young adults (3 males and 16 females, mean age 22.1±2.8 years) participated in this study. The participants were asked to continue tapping 16 targets randomly presented on the screen. Based on the kinematic data, the tremor value, spatial travel distance, tapping time, and maximal spatial acceleration were calculated. Differences between elderly and young adults were tested using unpaired-t test. Significant differences were observed in all kinematic parameters, suggesting decreased reaching motion in elderly adults. Moreover, overall positive correlations between parameters were found. Our results suggest that kinematic parameters calculated from the motion sensor technology could be useful to evaluate reaching motion quantitatively and simply.
著者
黒﨑 紘史 白畑 紘夢 川原 潤也 近藤 健 李 範爽 小田垣 雅人
出版者
一般社団法人 電気学会
雑誌
電気学会論文誌C(電子・情報・システム部門誌) (ISSN:03854221)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.142, no.5, pp.530-535, 2022-05-01 (Released:2022-05-01)
参考文献数
13
被引用文献数
3

Patient transfer during nursing care imposes a heavy burden on long-term caregivers, frequently causing back pain. It is therefore necessary to improve nursing skills in order to reduce the burden on caregivers so as to prevent accidents. In this study, we fabricated capacitive body-pressure and proximity sensors that use conductive texture for detection, in order to evaluate nursing care movements. To investigate the response of the sensor, an experiment was conducted in which a stainless block was brought close to and then placed in contact with a simulated living body. The results show that the sensor can detect the distance to a living body, in addition to the applied pressure. Based on these response characteristics, a sitting experiment was conducted in which 10-channel body-pressure and proximity sensors were installed. The results indicated that the proposed sensor can be used to analyze the seating position of patients in a wheelchair based on the pressure on the seat surface.
著者
佐々木 茂美 佐古 曜一郎 小林 泰樹
出版者
人体科学会
雑誌
人体科学 (ISSN:09182489)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.2, no.1, pp.1-7, 1993-04-30 (Released:2018-03-01)

A series of experiments of Qi-water was conducted to investigate the outer Qi radiated by Qi sender and the characteristics of outer Qi. Spending 17 days in total, the experiments have been carried out on 10 Qi senders. Firstly, Qi water gained from each Qi sender was kept in constant temperature bath of 40±1℃. We measured the conductivity of each water with the operational amplifying water analyzer. Then the value was assessed in comparison with the control. (1) When the changes of each value were assessed hourly, the result showed three different types of curves, that is increasing, constant, and decreasing, even though all Qi senders put Qi into each water simultaneously with the same method. (2) However when daily changes are assessed for those increased in hourly assessment, there were three types of changes, that is, decreasing after increasing, decreasing after some period of unchanging, and gradual but continuous decreasing. (3) The degree of these changes seemed to have nothing to do with Qi senders' self-consciousness. (4) There seemed the tendency that Qi is not put into the water which Qi senders does not perceive consciously or unconsciously. (5) There seemed another tendency that Qi is not put into purified water. This could mean that some ions and impurities need to exist in the water for the input of Qi. (6) Another tendency is that the outcome of the staring is larger than that of the hands shading.
著者
Prabir K. PATRA Edward J. DLUGOKENCKY James W. ELKINS Geoff S. DUTTON 遠嶋 康徳 笹川 基樹 伊藤 昭彦 Ray F. WEISS Manfredi MANIZZA Paul B. KRUMMEL Ronald G. PRINN Simon O'DOHERTY Daniele BIANCHI Cynthia NEVISON Efisio SOLAZZO Haeyoung LEE Sangwon JOO Eric A. KORT Suman MAITY 滝川 雅之
出版者
Meteorological Society of Japan
雑誌
気象集誌. 第2輯 (ISSN:00261165)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.100, no.2, pp.361-386, 2022 (Released:2022-04-13)
参考文献数
65
被引用文献数
8

大気中の一酸化二窒素(N2O)は地球温暖化および成層圏オゾン減少に影響を及ぼしており、発生源ごとの放出量推定の精緻化は気候変動の政策決定において非常に重要である。本研究ではまず大気大循環モデルMIROC4を基にした化学輸送モデル(ACTM)を用いたコントロール実験を行い、大気中N2O濃度の時空間変動について現場観測等を用いた検証を行なった。本計算に際しては各種起源(土壌起源、農業起源、その他人為起源、海洋起源)について複数のインベントリを用い、合計5種類の組み合わせで計算を行なった。その結果、N2Oの大気中寿命は年々変動の影響を含め、127.6±4.0年と推定された。次に、世界各地の42地点における1997年から2019年にかけての観測結果を用いて、世界を84分割した各地域におけるN2O放出量についてベイズ手法を用いた逆解法による推定を行なった。その結果、全球の陸域および海洋起源それぞれの放出量は2000年代には12.99±0.22 および 2.74±0.27 TgN yr-1、2010年代は14.30±0.20および 2.91±0.27 TgN yr-1と推定された。 地域別に見ると、南極海周辺での海洋起源放出量について既存インベントリが過大評価傾向にあることがわかった。一方熱帯域および中高緯度域の地表からの放出量についてはそれぞれ過少および過大評価傾向にあったと考えられ、別の観測の結果とも整合的であった。また全球の陸域および海洋起源放出量の時間変動についてはエルニーニョ・南方振動と強い相関が見られた。地域ごとの陸域起源放出量の2000年代と2010年代の間の変化量について調べたところ、北アメリカ、中央および熱帯アメリカおよび中央アフリカ、南、東および東南アジアで増加傾向が見られた。一方ヨーロッパでは減少する傾向が見られたが、これは化学工業に起因すると推定された。また15地域中3地域(東アジア、北アメリカおよび中央アフリカ)および南極海において、季節変化について今後の改良が必要なことが示唆された。陸域生態系モデル(VISIT)による推定放出量を用いた場合、観測から推定される1978年以降の増加速度をよく再現しているが、一方で窒素肥料の施肥から大気への放出にかかる変換時定数については改めて検討する必要があることが示唆された。
著者
野内 類 川島 隆太
出版者
一般社団法人 日本高次脳機能障害学会
雑誌
高次脳機能研究 (旧 失語症研究) (ISSN:13484818)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.34, no.3, pp.335-341, 2014-09-30 (Released:2015-10-01)
参考文献数
30
被引用文献数
1 2

認知機能は, 私たちの日常生活や社会的な活動に重要な役割を担っている。しかしながら, 多くの認知機能は加齢とともに低下する。認知機能の低下は, 高齢者の様々な活動を困難にする原因となっている。そのため, 高齢者の認知機能を向上させる方法の一つである認知トレーニング研究に多くの注目が集まっている。本論文では, 認知トレーニングの中でも簡便に実施することのできる音読・計算トレーニングと脳トレゲームを用いた研究の成果を紹介した。脳トレゲームを用いた認知トレーニングは, 短期間で高齢者の実行機能と処理速度を向上させることが報告されている。そのため, 脳トレゲームは, 高齢者の認知機能の維持・向上に効果的なツールの一つであることを指摘した。最後に, 脳トレゲームを用いた認知トレーニングの今後の課題について検討した。
著者
HSU Wei-Ching KIKUCHI Kazuyoshi ANNAMALAI H. RICHARDS Kelvin J.
出版者
Meteorological Society of Japan
雑誌
気象集誌. 第2輯 (ISSN:00261165)
巻号頁・発行日
pp.2022-020, (Released:2021-12-21)

Previous studies suggest the nature of the air-sea interaction of the tropical intraseasonal oscillation (ISO) can strongly influence our understanding and simulation of the ISO characteristics. In this study we assess the representation of the surface components in three of the most up-to-date reanalyses, including ERA5, ERA-interim (ERAi), and JRA55, to identify which reanalysis dataset is more suitable for investigating air-sea interaction associated with the ISO, and to quantify the intraseasonal biases of related variables for simulating the ocean responses. All three reanalyses well capture the ISO convective characteristics in terms of the spatial patterns and the propagation features, although the amplitude of the outgoing longwave radiation is severely underestimated (by ∼40 to 60 %, depending on region and season) in JRA55. Out of the two ERA reanalysis datasets, our results indicate the ERA5 may serve as a better ocean forcing dataset, as the ERAi largely underestimates the magnitudes of the ISO-related precipitation and 10-meter winds (of summer ISO, or BSISO) while overestimates the latent heat flux (of winter ISO, or MJO). JRA55, while having comparable amplitude biases to ERA5 in variables except precipitation, generally shows larger phase biases than the two ERA renalyses.
著者
TAO Wei-Kuo LANG Stephen IGUCHI Takamichi SONG Yi
出版者
Meteorological Society of Japan
雑誌
気象集誌. 第2輯 (ISSN:00261165)
巻号頁・発行日
pp.2022-015, (Released:2021-12-13)
被引用文献数
5

The Goddard Convective-Stratiform Heating (CSH) algorithm has been used to retrieve latent heating (LH) associated with clouds and cloud systems in support of the Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission (TRMM) and Global Precipitation Measurement (GPM) mission. The CSH algorithm requires the use of a cloud-resolving model (CRM) to simulate LH profiles to build look-up tables. This paper describes the current V6 CSH and its differences/similarities versus the previous V5 CSH. Long-term CRM simulations are conducted to identify the impact of CRM resolution and the convective-stratiform separation method on LH structure/profiles. The TRMM and GPM Combined radar-radiometer algorithm derived surface rain rates and their associated precipitation properties are the input to the CSH algorithm. CSH V6 retrieved regional LH profiles in the tropics and subtropics display the classic signatures of heating in the convective region and heating over cooling in the stratiform region. Since there is no direct measurement of LH structure, the performance of the CSH V6 algorithm is examined by comparing its vertically-integrated heating (or equivalent surface rain rate) against the surface rain rate derived from the TRMM/GPM Combined algorithm. The CSH three-month and zonal mean equivalent surface rain rates are in good agreement with the Combined rain rates over the ITCZ region; the agreement is best over ocean. CSH three-month and zonal mean equivalent surface rain rates are larger than the Combined rain rates over land in both the tropics and sub-tropics. CSH three-month mean equivalent surface rain rates also have local differences with the Combined rain rates that can be smoothed by area averaging to larger horizontal resolutions (from the CSH standard grid of 0.25° × 0.25° to 0.5° × 0.5° or 1.0° × 1.0°). CSH equivalent surface rain rates have more light rain rates but less larger rates compared to the GPM Combined surface rain rates.
著者
福間 聡
出版者
日本イギリス哲学会
雑誌
イギリス哲学研究 (ISSN:03877450)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.24, pp.49-62, 2001-03-20 (Released:2018-04-25)
参考文献数
25

This article focuses on sell-ownership and articulates it. Libertarians insist that my person is my property, and I have exclusive rights to determine the course of its use and disposal, and further to enjoy full income gained by its use. But self-ownership is an obscure conception inasmuch as the very concept of person and the legal concept of property in themselves allow for varied interpretations. Through examining what a person is, and by noting our abilities, I divide them into two concepts, which may be called ‘intrinsic ability’ and ‘extrinsic one’. According to this division, in order to redefine self-ownership, I argue that we claim only the ‘right to integrity of person’ to the intrinsic ability, and ‘control right and restricted income right’ to extrinsic ability.
著者
鈴木 紀之 洲合 隼輝 小林 皆登
出版者
Pro Natura Foundation Japan
雑誌
自然保護助成基金助成成果報告書 (ISSN:24320943)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.29, pp.118-125, 2020 (Released:2020-09-29)
参考文献数
16

ナミテントウは日本国内では北海道から九州にかけて分布しているが,近年になって沖縄本島と石垣島から国内外来種として記録された.南西諸島には近縁種のクリサキテントウが分布しているため,侵入先で競争関係が生じ,在来の群集に影響が出ると懸念される.そこで本研究では,南西諸島におけるフィールドワークにてクリサキテントウの生息環境を調べるとともに,ナミテントウの侵入の程度を調べた.また,形態によって区別できない個体について,遺伝子解析による同定を試みた.南西諸島のクリサキテントウは,本州の個体群と異なり,ガジュマルなどさまざまなニッチを利用していることが明らかになった.また,保管されているサンプルの遺伝子解析をしたところ,ナミテントウの石垣島への侵入が遅くとも2015年までさかのぼることが明らかになった.今後は,さらに安価かつ簡便に種を判別できる遺伝的手法を解析し,ナミテントウの侵入を高い精度で把握していく必要がある.
著者
志賀 基之
出版者
分子シミュレーション研究会
雑誌
アンサンブル (ISSN:18846750)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.14, no.3, pp.134-137, 2012-07-31 (Released:2014-06-25)
参考文献数
2

近年の大型並列計算機の発展とともに分子シミュレーションと電子状態計算を統合した第一原理シミュレーションが普及し,国際標準になりつつある.これを用いて,従来では扱えなかった複雑な化学反応動力学や,光吸収や電磁場応答のような電子状態由来の物性などを対象に,さまざまな応用研究が広まっている.本稿では,電子状態理論の基礎をなすHartree-Fock 法について,分子シミュレーションとの接点を少し意識しながら再考したい.
著者
室 伊三男 神谷 陽 本田 真俊 堀江 朋彦
出版者
公益社団法人 日本放射線技術学会
雑誌
日本放射線技術学会雑誌 (ISSN:03694305)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.63, no.1, pp.91-96, 2007-01-20 (Released:2007-02-27)
参考文献数
7
被引用文献数
6 12

Echo planar imaging (EPI) is highly sensitive to static magnetic field inhomogeneities. The degree of local image compression and stretching is a function of the static field gradient in the phase-encoding direction. This is caused by the accumulation of a phase shift. Any static field shift will lead to a position shift in the image, and it is the regions with large static fields that are the most difficult to correct. We reduce image distortion by SENSE with an array coil. However, we often use a surface coil because we cannot use an array coil in clinical studies. In this case, image distortion becomes greater, and reduction of distortion is very important. For the purpose of this study, we examined the relation between imaging parameters and image distortion. Image distortion of EPI is unrelated to the following parameters: number of phase encodings, half scan, echo time, and diffusion b-value. However, the following parameters influenced image distortion: FOV, number of frequency encodings, rectangle FOV, and multi-shot imaging. Image distortion of EPI is decided by the area of the phase-encoding gradient and the interval of readout gradients. We hope that many institutions will find these data useful.