著者

井谷 美友 久保(川合) 南海子 川合 伸幸

出版者

THE JAPANESE SOCIETY FOR ANIMAL PSYCHOLOGY

雑誌

動物心理学研究 (ISSN:09168419)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.65, no.2, pp.63-69, 2015 (Released:2015-12-18)

参考文献数

16

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Studies on instrumental learning have rarely been conducted with tailed amphibians. This may be due primarily to difficulties in training newts with food rewards. Most previous studies on instrumental learning by newts have employed runways without a distinct discriminative stimulus associated with food. In this study, we trained newts (Cynops pyrrhogaster) with black rings as the discriminative stimuli at close distance (5 cm ahead). Two newts were trained to pass through one ring with a diameter of 8 cm. One newt failed to show evidence of learning (i.e., decreased response time) with 14 sessions of massed trials (4 trials/session). The second newt, however, learned to pass through rings with diameters of 8, 6, 5, and 4 cm. A 20-trial follow-up probe test was conducted with the second newt, in which the 4-cm black ring and a novel red square were presented side by side. The newt did not choose the black ring over the red square in any of the trials, suggesting that neither the black color nor the circle shape drove the newt’s behavior. In a retention test conducted 185 days later, the newt did not pass through the ring of 4 cm at all, suggesting that this behavior was learned but not retained after 6 months. Presentations of distinctive stimuli in close proximity might enhance appetitive instrumental learning by newts, which is otherwise difficult to accomplish using runway apparatuses with no distinctive cues to elicit instrumental behaviors.

著者

尹 煕元 棚橋 隆彦

出版者

一般社団法人 日本計算工学会

雑誌

日本計算工学会論文集 (ISSN:13478826)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.2001, pp.20010048, 2001 (Released:2002-06-28)

参考文献数

8

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We suggest expansion methodology for Black-Scholes equation in financial engineering field with hydrodynamics interpretation. Black-Scholes equation is famous for derivative pricing model, introducing from Ito’s process in theory of probability, and it is applying in financial area widely. Because of Black-Scholes equation based on ideal assumption, financial engineers have been devising parameters or have been creating parameter structure in the equation in order to explain financial market dynamics. They mainly have focused on diffusion term in stochastic process that is recognized as volatility on their studies. We apply the concept of advection term for financial market, and expand Black-Scholes equation. Obtaining equation can express market dynamics simply and explain derivative market distortion, volatility smile.

著者

稲葉 一郎 大浦 華代子 中田 雄一郎 今井 輝子

出版者

一般社団法人 日本医薬品情報学会

雑誌

医薬品情報学 (ISSN:13451464)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.21, no.1, pp.1-8, 2019-05-31 (Released:2019-06-21)

参考文献数

11

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Objective: The use of generic products is a solution to the increasing healthcare cost in Japan. The pharmaceutical companies are trying to develop several generic products suitable to patient’s taste. The contribution of pharmacist by selecting generic product to each patient and a collection of patient’s opinion for products may accelerate the development of generic products improved usability for patients and medical workers. The present study examined the storage of generic products of sennoside in pharmacies and the patient preference for selection of generic products in 2003 and 2016 in Kumamoto, Japan.Methods: Sennoside was selected as a model drug, since it developed several generic products for long period. The survey on storage of sennoside pharmaceutics and the questionnaire survey for its generic products to patients were conducted at ethical pharmacies. The appearance and the dissolution of sennoside from generic tablets were compared with original product, Pursennid.Results: Thirteen sennoside products were stored in 2003 and 2016. The number of pharmacies that stored generic products increased from 33 to 54% in 13 years. The largest number of patients preferred Pursennid in 2003. In contrast, two generic products were more preferred than Pursennid in 2016. Interestingly, the reasons for preferring products were almost the same between 2003 and 2016, and their majority was color and size of tablet. The generic products tend to have a thinner thickness and larger diameter than Pursennid. The most preferred generic product in 2016 showed a faster dissolution of sennoside than Pursennid. However, the use of generic products is mainly related to their tablet appearances due to unrelation between the pharmacological effect of sennoside and its dissolution in GI tract.Conclusion: In the development of generic products of sennoside, as well as quality, the appearance is an important factor.

著者

吉田 雅之 大月 佳代子 大西 正俊

出版者

Japanese Society of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons

雑誌

日本口腔外科学会雑誌 (ISSN:00215163)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.50, no.6, pp.368-371, 2004-06-20 (Released:2011-04-22)

参考文献数

9

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Difficulty in extracting a foreign object embedded in tissue of the oromaxillofacial region is not uncommon. Arthroscopic surgery is often used to treat conditions of the temporomandibular joints. We successfully extracted foreign objects embedded in a cul-de-sac facial gunshot wound adjacent to the temporomandibular joint, using a rigid endoscope originally designed for temporomandibular arthroscopic surgery. The procedures used are described in this report.The patient was a 46-year-old man who had been shot in the left side of the face. The bullet lodged in tissue medial to the left temporomandibular joint and sphenoidal sinus. Without any additional incision, a temporomandibular arthroscope was introduced from the point of entry of the bullet beneath the eye socket with the patient under general anesthesia. A total of 34 objects, including the bullet, its fragments and glass fragments from the patient's eyeglasses, were endoscopically extracted with the use of a grasping forceps. Arthroscopic monitoring permitted visual confirmation of the foreign bodies and enabled their successful extraction with minimal invasion.

著者

澤田 太一 山田 徹

出版者

公益社団法人 石油学会

雑誌

Journal of the Japan Petroleum Institute (ISSN:13468804)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.61, no.2, pp.121-128, 2018-03-01 (Released:2018-03-01)

参考文献数

30

被引用文献数

4

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反応時間の短縮 · 副反応の抑制 · 収率の改善などを目的としたマイクロ波の有機合成反応への利用が今日活発になされている。マイクロ波による加熱は反応系内部から迅速に起きるため,一般にこれらの利点は熱的効果によるとされる。一方で,単純な熱的効果のみでは説明が困難な現象も報告されている。最近我々の研究グループは,いくつかの不斉合成反応がマイクロ波照射によってエナンチオ選択性を保持したまま加速されることを報告した。これらの結果は単純な熱的効果では説明することができず,マイクロ波特異効果(非熱的効果)の寄与が実験的に明らかとなった。ここでは我々のマイクロ波特異効果に関する最近の研究成果,すなわちビアリールラクトン類の不斉開環反応,光学的に純粋なビアリールラクトン類のラセミ化反応,不斉Claisen転位反応,不斉Conia-ene反応,閉環メタセシス反応における検証結果を紹介する。

著者

三沢 徳枝 長山 知由理 松田 典子 石山 ゐづ美

出版者

日本家庭科教育学会

雑誌

日本家庭科教育学会誌 (ISSN:03862666)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.57, no.4, pp.283-289, 2015-02-01 (Released:2017-11-17)

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本研究で,家族対話と家族有用感から家族コミュニケーションを捉え,レジリエンス因子の意欲的活動性と内面共有性との関連性を検討した結果,家族コミュニケーションはレジリエンスに影響し,家族対話や家族有用感が高いとレジリエンスも高いことが明らかになった。また中学生は家族との関係性を評価する家族有用感がキャリア意識の向上に関連すると推察された。中学家庭科の学習指導要領では「これからの自分と家族とのかかわりに関心を持ち,家族関係をよりよくする方法を考える」ことが目標とされているが,この学習をすることは家族と向き合い,対話を深めることにつながり,ひいてはさらに社会と向き合えるレジリエンスを高め,生活者としての自立を育むと考察された。

著者

高原 弘樹 新庄 拓也 中野 寛

出版者

一般社団法人 日本機械学会

雑誌

日本機械学会関東支部総会講演会講演論文集 2016.22 (ISSN:24242691)

巻号頁・発行日

pp._OS1105-1_-_OS1105-2_, 2016-03-10 (Released:2017-06-19)

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In recent years, the vibration system which has negative mass characteristics, called meta-material, attracts attention. This system consists of two single-degree-of-freedom system. This two-degree-of-freedom system can be represented to an equivalent single-degree-of-freedom system. In case of the subsystem without a damping, the effective mass of this equivalent system has the negative mass characteristics. When the damping of the system is taken into consideration, the effects of the damping on these negative mass characteristics are not clarified. The effects of damping upon characteristic of vibration system with negative effective mass are investigated. The condition of the negative mass characteristics is derived with a damped subsystem. The effects of the damping of subsystem on the negative mass characteristics are discussed.

著者

藤本 慎司 岡田 信宏

出版者

公益社団法人 日本金属学会

雑誌

まてりあ (ISSN:13402625)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.50, no.7, pp.274-278, 2011 (Released:2012-12-13)

参考文献数

49

被引用文献数

1

著者

久田 友治 山城 清人 梅谷 一公 渡辺 幸 田村 剛三

出版者

一般社団法人 日本プライマリ・ケア連合学会

雑誌

日本プライマリ・ケア連合学会誌 (ISSN:21852928)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.41, no.4, pp.143-147, 2018-12-20 (Released:2018-12-27)

参考文献数

16

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目的:ハブ咬傷患者による応急処置(緊縛,切開,吸引)の妥当性,及び患者への乾燥はぶウマ抗毒素(抗毒素)の適応は明確でない.症状(疼痛,腫脹,出血)と抗毒素投与の関連,及びハブ咬傷患者による応急処置と予後の関連を明らかにする.方法:ハブ咬傷患者調査票が提出され予後が判明した65名を対象者として後ろ向きコホート研究を行った.リハビリの有無に係わらず治癒した患者を予後良好,機能障害を来した患者を予後不良としてFisherの正確検定を行った.結果:抗毒素投与は疼痛と有意な関連を認めたが,腫脹,出血との有意な関連は認めなかった.応急処置と予後,および局所症状と予後には関連が認められなかった.結論:医師が抗毒素投与を決める際に,疼痛を最も重視する事が示唆された.患者による応急処置の必要性は少ないと考えられたが,抗毒素投与の適応,及びハブ咬傷患者による応急処置の妥当性について,更なる研究が期待される.

著者

加藤 敏

出版者

認知神経科学会

雑誌

認知神経科学 (ISSN:13444298)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.15, no.1, pp.11-18, 2013 (Released:2017-04-12)

著者

長坂 一郎

出版者

日本建築学会

雑誌

日本建築学会計画系論文集 (ISSN:13404210)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.75, no.647, pp.235-243, 2010-01-30 (Released:2010-04-02)

参考文献数

30

被引用文献数

2 2

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In this paper, we investigate the ideological background of Christopher Alexander's theory of design by examining his research papers on cognitive psychology by the 1960s. First, we briefly show the outline of his research history in the 1960s and examine the experiments and outcomes of the research in the papers. After the examination, we show the commonly-observed features in the papers, namely, influences from Jerome S. Bruner and Gestalt psychology. It is clear that he tried to explain how we recognize “good” forms based on the gestalt account of perception, and it seems reasonable to suppose that Alexander followed the framework of Bruner's “three modes of representation” to construct his research programs.

著者

鈴木 重雄 正本 英紀 井坂 利章 古川 順啓 東 彰一 大田 直友 鎌田 磨人

出版者

日本景観生態学会

雑誌

景観生態学 (ISSN:18800092)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.15, no.1, pp.1-10, 2010-06-30 (Released:2012-02-14)

参考文献数

23

被引用文献数

3 5

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モウソウチク(Phyllostachys pubescens Mazel ex Houzeau de Lehaie)を中心とする竹林の拡大が全国各地で報告され,社会的な問題となっている.竹林拡大を抑止するためには,竹林所有者のみならず市民参加を促し,協働の枠組みを構築しながら継続性を担保できる計画を策定することが肝要である.本研究では,産民学官からなる協議会「みなみから届ける環づくり会議」が,徳島県阿南市において,竹林の拡大抑制に取り組むにあたり,その活動方針決定にいかすために行った竹林所有者と地域住民を対象とした意識調査を通じて,竹林所有者と地域住民の竹林に対する認識とニーズを明らかにした.その結果,たけのこ生産が盛んであった当地域では,竹林はたけのこ生産の場であると強く認識がされていた.一方,主に竹林所有者にしか竹林の拡大は認識されておらず,竹林を所有していない住民との間で認識に差異があった.また,竹林は所有者の資産であるという考え方が強く,地域全体の問題として竹林拡大抑制策に取り組もうとする意識は低かった.これらのことから,本地域では,竹林の拡大に係る課題を地域内で共有する努力を行って,所有者と地域住民の双方が現状を認識し,合意形成を図る必要がある.

著者

多田 英俊

出版者

日本演劇学会

雑誌

演劇学論集 日本演劇学会紀要 (ISSN:13482815)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.60, pp.1-20, 2015 (Released:2017-01-06)

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KOUNOIKE Yoshitake (1914-1945) was a student of Bunraku puppet theatre who worked tirelessly for a decade, starting from 1935. He took an interest in Bunraku in his youth and studied Edo period literature at Waseda University, receiving guidance from senior researcher ISHIWARI Matsutarô.Kounoike's critique work can be divided into three periods; practice, establishment, and completion. In the establishment period, Kounoike wrote critiques for a non-commercial magazine edited by TAKECHI Tetsuji, who was one of Kounoike's lifelong colleagues. After he formed his critique style, he wrote more than thirty.One of the vital points of his critiques was the importance of “fuu,” (風) an artistic quality in Bunraku. Another point was a comparison of performances between two Bunraku theaters, the Hikoroku-za and Bunraku-za. Kounoike commended Hikoroku-za's performance because of their superb embodiment of “fuu”, while criticizing the performance of Bunraku-za. A third point was the sensuous importance of music in Bunraku. These critiques appeared in “Joruri Magazine”, a non-commercial theatrical magazine with a limited print run.In this article, the author performs a comprehensive study of the “Critiques of Bunraku” written by Kounoike by integrating and analyzing his critiques, all of which were not issued as research publications, but rather appeared in non-commercial magazines.

著者

藤原 広行 功刀 卓 安達 繁樹 青井 真 森川 信之

出版者

JAPAN ASSOCIATION FOR EARTHQUAKE ENGINEERING

雑誌

日本地震工学会論文集 (ISSN:18846246)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.7, no.2, pp.2-16, 2007 (Released:2010-08-12)

参考文献数

5

被引用文献数

6 8

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1995年兵庫県南部地震以後, 日本における地震観測網, 特に, 強震観測網は大きく変化し, 世界でも希な高精度・高密度強震観測網が構築されることとなった.K-NETは, その代表的なものの1つである.兵庫県南部地震からほぼ10年が経過し, 地震直後に整備された観測網の機器の更新が必要となってきている.この10年間における, データ通信, 計算機関連技術の発展は目覚ましく, 様々な新しい技術が利用可能になってきた.防災科学技術研究所では, 強震記録をオフラインで利用する従来のスタイルの強震動研究だけでなく, 地震直後の即時対応にも利用可能な強震動データリアルタイムシステムの構築を目指し, 新型K-NET システムを開発し, 新型K-NET 強震計の整備を実施した.

著者

伊倉 久美子 太田 陽子

出版者

Tokyo Geographical Society

雑誌

地学雑誌 (ISSN:0022135X)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.112, no.3, pp.394-405, 2003-06-25 (Released:2009-11-12)

参考文献数

23

被引用文献数

3 3

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Well-defined Holocene marine terraces are present continuously along the west coast of the Asahi Mountains. This area faces the Sea of Japan and is located east of the epicenter of the 1964 Niigata earthquake, which caused an uplift with considerable westward tilting of Awashima Island, located west of the epicenter. In contrast, the study area subsided at the time of the destructive 1964 earthquake, although the presence of Holocene and stage 5e or other marine terraces record the long-term uplift during the late Quaternary of this area (Ota, 1971). This paper describes the nature and the age of Holocene terraces, which had not been studied in detail, and discusses the uplift pattern and its tectonic significance.The Holocene marine terrace here is usually wave-cut platform with few beach deposits. At large river mouths, however, there are relatively wide and flat valley bottom plains, burying drowned valleys, and separated by sand dunes from the present beach. Radiocarbon age from the bottom of terrestrial deposits on marine deposits is 6.4 ka or slightly younger, and indicates that the emergence of Holocene terrace took place ca. 6 ka. The former shoreline height of the Holocene terrace ranges from 8 m to 4 m. Thus, the maximum uplift rate reaches 1.3 m/ka, which is larger than the uplift rate deduced from the Ml (stage 5e) terrace. The Holocene terrace is subdivided into two on the southern part of the Budo Mountains, where the uplift rate of Ml terrace is the maximum. The late Quaternary uplift of this area, deduced from marine terraces, is discordant with coseismic subsidence caused by the 1964 Niigata earthquake. This means that the uplift of this study area is not caused by seismogenetic fault for the 1964 earthquake. We cannot find the specific onshore active fault within or at both sides of the Budo Mountains and the Maya Mountains that was responsible for the coastal uplift. To interpret such a long-term uplift of the coastal area, we need to assume that offshore reverse active fault dipping eastward is repeatedly activated. Establishing the exact location, nature, and length of offshore faults is important to interpret the coastal uplift of this area.

著者

漆原 〓 高田 範之

出版者

公益社団法人 日本マリンエンジニアリング学会

雑誌

日本舶用機関学会誌 (ISSN:03883051)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.9, no.8, pp.699-705, 1974 (Released:2010-05-31)

参考文献数

35

著者

松永 佳世子 冨高 晶子 秋田 浩孝

出版者

日本口腔・咽頭科学会

雑誌

口腔・咽頭科 (ISSN:09175105)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.13, no.3, pp.311-317, 2001-06-01 (Released:2010-06-28)

参考文献数

12

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ラテックスに交叉反応するフルーツにより, 咽に痒みを生じたり口唇腫脹や蕁麻疹, 喘息, 重症例ではアナフィラキシーとなる即時型反応をラテックスフルーツ症候群と呼ぶ.これはバナナ, 栗などが, その抗原であるclass I chitinaseのN末端にラテックスの主要抗原であるheveinドメインを持つことによる.当科のラテックスアレルギー54例中28例 (52%) が食物アレルギーを合併しており, うち口腔アレルギー症状を16例 (30%) に認めた.重症例は栗, そば, アボカドで, また, 口腔アレルギー症状はメロン, キウイ, トマトなどで発症していた.ラテックスフルーツ症候群の診断と治療および対策について述べた.

著者

下村 吉治 北浦 靖之

出版者

公益社団法人 日本農芸化学会

雑誌

化学と生物 (ISSN:0453073X)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.52, no.3, pp.143-144, 2014-03-01 (Released:2015-03-01)

参考文献数

8

被引用文献数

1 1

著者

山下 晋三

出版者

一般社団法人 日本ゴム協会

雑誌

日本ゴム協会誌 (ISSN:0029022X)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.42, no.9, pp.661-690, 1969-09-15 (Released:2010-02-19)

参考文献数

158

被引用文献数

9 7

著者

岡崎 文彬

出版者

社団法人 日本造園学会

雑誌

造園雑誌 (ISSN:03877248)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.36, no.4, pp.32-39, 1972-03-30 (Released:2011-07-19)

参考文献数

6

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The Taj Mahal is surely one of the most beautiful pieces of architecture in the world, but we should not overlook the garden that was once beautifully created by Shah Jahan for the memory of his beloved queen Mumtaz Mahal.Compared with the original plan, the garden has changed through the ages, but if we observe the garden carefully, we can still recognize the original spacial design of the garden. The marble tank which is placed in the center of the garden especially breaks the simplicity of the large plain garden.