- 著者
-
古澤 伸晃
岡本 瑞穂
新里 知佳野
八木沢 誠
- 出版者
- 日本体育大学
- 雑誌
- 日本体育大学紀要 (ISSN:02850613)
- 巻号頁・発行日
- vol.49, pp.3035-3039, 2020
The ABO blood type is naturally accepted in Japan and is often used for entertainment, such as offering blood type personality diagnoses and blood type divination. Even today, the belief that blood type and personality have an impact on sports performance persists, especially on the Internet. There are conflicting opinions about the authenticity of this idea, and they have not seen the conclusion. In order to offer further insight, this study describes the relationship between sport performance and blood type using quantitative surveys and literature materials.We conducted a web questionnaire survey for 306 university students majoring in three martial arts: kendo, judo, and sumo. The questions asked participants about their athletic career, competition results, qualifications, and blood type. The response rate was 98.6%. Regardless of the specific type of martial art in question, the blood type distribution was as follows: 116 (38.4%) type A, 71 (23.5%) type B, 84 (27.8%) type O, 26 (8.6%) type AB, and 5 unknown (1.7%). It is assumed that the blood type frequency of Japanese is 37% for type A, 22% for type B, 32% for type O, and 9% for type AB. Thus, this result accords with the distribution of the ABO blood type of the Japanese, thereby suggesting that there is no relation between martial arts majors and blood type. In terms of the length of the athletes’ careers, 95 people had more than 15 years of experience, 169 people had 10 to 15 years, 29 people had 5 to 10 years, and 9 people had less than 5 years. Thus, those who had been active for more than 10 years represented 87.4% of the total. These individuals were considered experts, and we compared the number of athletes by blood type for each of kendo, judo, and sumo. Although the number of type A and type O respondents was the same in judo, the results show that the number of athletes with types A, O, B, and AB blood had the same tendency as the blood type distribution of Japan as a whole. Competition results were divided into two groups: those who participated in national tournaments (passing the qualifying round), including the world championship, and those who competed in local tournaments, prefectural tournaments, and at other levels below national tournaments. The results show that the achievements of type A athletes are not particularly remarkable. In fact, as the number of type A athletes as a proportion of the whole is large, it only looks large as a numerical value. More generally, regarding all blood types, the reason why more individuals from the same blood type have participated more frequently at the national level and above can be attributed to the selection bias of majoring in martial arts.In summary, performance and blood type have no remarkable correlation in terms of martial arts.Blood type and personality can be explained as a form of pseudoscience; therefore, some people will believe it. Research on blood types is indispensable for science. However, establishing how to bring novelty in thinking and suppress pseudoscience represents a task for future research. The most important aspect of achievement in the context of sport is the accumulation of daily training and effort.