著者
坂倉 有紀 大貫 和恵 会田 さゆり Yuki Sakakura Kazue Onuki Sayuri Aita
出版者
茨城キリスト教大学
雑誌
茨城キリスト教大学紀要 II.社会・自然科学 = Journal of Ibaraki Christian University II. Social and natural sciences (ISSN:13426370)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.52, pp.113-122, 2018

The attention to the impact of dietary interventions, such as diet or nutritional supplements,on chronic diseases has been increasing. Several meta-analyses have shown the effectiveness of the Mediterranean diet on chronic diseases such as obesity, diabetes, and cardiovascular disease.In this paper, we introduce those dietary interventions and the benefits of the Mediterranean diet. Furthermore, we developed a Mediterranean meal plan for dysphagia. The Mediterranean meal plan for dysphagia shows high contents of dietary fiber and monounsaturated fatty acids compared with the Japanese meal plan for dysphagia.
著者
目崎 孝昌 佐竹 利子 福森 武 池田 善郎
出版者
The Japanese Society of Agricultural Machinery and Food Engineers
雑誌
農業機械学会誌 (ISSN:02852543)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.68, no.3, pp.35-45, 2006-05-01 (Released:2010-11-19)
参考文献数
8

米飯食味の良否はデンプン胚乳の糊化特性が大きく関与し, 胚乳内部への吸水ムラが大きく影響すると言われているが, 未だ明らかにされていない。このため, 水浸漬時の精白米への吸水現象を微細構造的に観察した結果, 胚乳部への吸水深さは背面よりも腹面が大きく, 疎水性タンパク質 (PB-1) の分布特性とよく一致した。背面では, 複粒デンプン内の単粒間に吸水されず, 胚乳細胞壁沿いでも吸水されない部位が存在した。また, 洗米水濁度が高い精白米では, 洗米水中に浮遊するデンプン粒の大半が単粒として分離しており, 精白米最外面の単粒間によく吸水した。
著者
Naoyuki Toriumi Atsuya Muranaka Masanobu Uchiyama
出版者
The Pharmaceutical Society of Japan
雑誌
Chemical and Pharmaceutical Bulletin (ISSN:00092363)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.71, no.6, pp.459-461, 2023-06-01 (Released:2023-06-01)
参考文献数
19

Organic compounds with near-IR (NIR) fluorescence have many potential applications in materials and life sciences, but the much weaker intensity of fluorescence in the NIR region than in the UV-visible region is a major obstacle. Herein we show that deuteration of phthalocyanines, a representative class of organic NIR dyes, increases both the fluorescence quantum yield and the fluorescence lifetime compared with non-deuterated phthalocyanines.
著者
後藤 淳
出版者
関西理学療法学会
雑誌
関西理学療法 (ISSN:13469606)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.6, pp.5-13, 2006 (Released:2007-01-30)
参考文献数
3
被引用文献数
2

In this article, I describe therapeutic exercise for disorders of higher brain function from the following points of view: developmental process of brain, alteration of brain function after physical therapy and brain fuction related to human activity. From the above points of view, 1) reduction of the compensatory motion, 2) location of the body axis, and 3) application of the search movement for physical therapy are thought to be important. Especially, we have to pay attention to search activity by patient at the scene of physical therapy treatment.
著者
藤井 誠一郎
出版者
特定非営利活動法人 日本評価学会
雑誌
日本評価研究 (ISSN:13466151)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.22, no.1, pp.29-42, 2022-03-31 (Released:2023-06-01)
参考文献数
41

これまでの行政改革では、人員削減のためエッセンシャル・ワーカーたちを非正規化や民間委託化してきた。結果、不測の事態への対応力が乏しい公共サービス提供体制となってしまった。本稿では、これまでの行政改革を支えてきた「評価」に着目し、①地方自治体が取り入れてきた「評価」の変遷を把握し、②そこで行われていた「評価」についてメタ評価を行い、③エッセンシャル・ワーク評価を実質化させていく手段について検討した。 住民に近いところで公共サービスを提供するエッセンシャル・ワークの評価には、「安心」「安全」を規準にしたプログラム評価を行い、そこで発生する問題や課題を発見して解決し、公共サービスが滞りなく提供できる状態を保てるように対策を講じていく必要がある点を指摘した。また、エッセンシャル・ワーク評価をプログラム評価へと変えていくために、評価者、被評価者、住民のそれぞれの立場で求められるあり方を提示した。
著者
Lingjia Gu Qian Gao Liansong Ni Meirong Wang Feixia Shen
出版者
The Pharmaceutical Society of Japan
雑誌
Chemical and Pharmaceutical Bulletin (ISSN:00092363)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.61, no.7, pp.688-694, 2013-07-01 (Released:2013-07-01)
参考文献数
49
被引用文献数
34 34

Renal fibrosis is a crucial pathologic process underlying diabetic nephropathy (DN). Central to this process is the epithelial-mesenchymal transformation (EMT) of tubular epithelial cells. Fasudil, a Rho-associated coiled-coil forming protein serine/threonine kimase (ROCK) inhibitor, protects against renal fibrosis in a variety of renal injury models. However, fasudil’s effects on renal fibrosis in DN remain unknown. The aim of the present study was to investigate the effects of fasudil on high glucose-induced EMT in human renal tubular epithelial (HK-2) cells. HK-2 cells were exposed to 5.5 or 60 mmol/L D-glucose for 72h, or to mannitol (osmotic control). RhoA activity was assessed using a RhoA pull-down assay, and ROCK activity was determined by myosin phosphatase target subunit-1 (MYPT1) phosphorylation. Myofibroblast (vimentin and α-smooth muscle actin [α-SMA]) and epithelial (E-cadherin) markers expressions were detected by immunocytochemistry and Western blotting. Transforming growth factor (TGF)-β1 and fibronectin secretion were detected with enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), and connective tissue growth factor (CTGF) was analyzed by Western blotting. Results showed that high glucose levels induced morphological changes, reduced E-cadherin expression (−73%), increased expression of vimentin (+148%) and α-SMA (+226%), increased TGF-β1 (from 116.0±5.2 µg/g to 351.0±3.2 µg/g) and CTGF (from 0.26±0.01 to 0.92±0.03) secretion, and increased RhoA and ROCK activation (p<0.05 for all). All these effects of high glucose stimulation were suppressed or abolished by fasudil. In conclusion, fasudil may attenuate EMT through reduced activation of RhoA/ROCK signaling, and decreased expression of TGF-β1 and CTGF. Thus, fasudil may be a renoprotective agent for the treatment of DN.
著者
宮崎 毅
出版者
一般社団法人 日本計画行政学会
雑誌
計画行政 (ISSN:03872513)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.41, no.2, pp.22-26, 2018-05-15 (Released:2022-06-03)
参考文献数
25
被引用文献数
1

This paper investigates the relationship between municipal mergers and cost reduction over municipalities given the elapse of 10 years after the “Great Heisei Mergers” in Japan. First, this paper surveys research on local government mergers in Japan and other countries. Second, it explores the effects of municipal mergers on total expenditure, payroll costs, and spending on legislature per capita, with the focus on elapsed years after the merger and comparison with non-merged municipalities. It is found that previous studies have not obtained consistent results on the effects of mergers on costs, either in Japan or other countries. Examination of the effects of mergers on specific fiscal items demonstrates that spending on legislature declined dramatically in the few years before and after a merger, whereas total expenditures and payroll costs hiked in the year of a merger and dropped one year after, but increased since then onward.
著者
永澤 貴昭 黒坂 裕香 田中 智美 町田 修一 湊 久美子 Takaaki NAGASAWA Yuka KUROSAKA Tomomi HASEGAWA-TANAKA Shuichi MACHIDA Kumiko MINATO
出版者
和洋女子大学
雑誌
和洋女子大学紀要 = The journal of Wayo Women's University (ISSN:18846351)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.64, pp.97-105, 2023-03-01

運動部に所属する男子大学生アスリートの食事調査結果を用いて、栄養摂取状況の特徴を評価した。さらに、食品群別摂取頻度による評価点を算出して、エネルギー、栄養素摂取量や各栄養素摂取量による評価点との関連性を検討し、アスリートの食生活バランスの評価に用いることができる簡易な方法について考察することを目的とした。食事調査の結果、対象集団にはエネルギー、栄養素摂取量が身体活動量に見合わないものが複数いた。一方で、サプリメントやプロテインを利用している者が多数おり、食事に関して無関心ではないことが窺われた。食品群別摂取頻度による評価点を用いた簡易な食生活評価法については、たんぱく質、鉄、カルシウム、ビタミンB1など、アスリートにとって重要な栄養素摂取量との有意な関連性を認めた。さらに、食品群別摂取頻度の得点と8項目のエネルギーと栄養素摂取量を、食事摂取基準の推奨量ならびにアスリートの推奨量と比較して得点化した栄養素摂取量評価得点を算出し関連について分析を行ったところ、有意な関連性が認められた。10種の食品群別摂取頻度を把握することは、アスリートの食生活とそれに付随する栄養摂取状況の概要について評価することができると考えられ、栄養アセスメントの一次的なスクリーニング評価に活用できる可能性が示唆された。
著者
中谷 誠 小柳 敦史 荻原 英雄 渡辺 泰
出版者
CROP SCIENCE SOCIETY OF JAPAN
雑誌
日本作物学会紀事 (ISSN:00111848)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.57, no.1, pp.83-89, 1988-03-05 (Released:2008-02-14)
参考文献数
12
被引用文献数
1

サツマイモ苗の5-10日間の取り置きが活着, 塊根形成, 収量に及ぼす影響をコガネセンガンと高系14号を用い, ポリエチレンフィルムマルチ栽培で1985-86年の2か年3作期にわたり検討した. 取り置きは約14℃, 相対湿度約80%, 弱光の条件下で行い, 以下の結果を得た. 挿苗直後, 対照区では葉身や茎頂が地表まで垂れ下がっているものが多かったのに対し, 取り置き区では茎や葉柄が立っているものが多く, 挿苗1, 2週間後の展開葉数や蒸散速度はいずれの作期, 品種でも取り置きにより増加した. 塊根形成期ではいずれの作期でも取り置きにより塊根数や塊根乾物重は増加した. また全乾物重や葉面積も増える傾向を示した. 収穫期の上いも収量は取り置きしたものの方が高い値を示した. 1985年には有意な差がなかったが, 1986年には有意な差があり, 上いも数, 上いも1個重とも増加した. 全乾物重や収穫指数も取り置きしたものの方に高い傾向が見られた. 以上から, 5-10日間の苗の取り置きは活着や塊根形成を促す効果を持つことが明らかになった. また, これらの点が全乾物重や収穫指数の向上につながり, 塊根収量の増大をもたらす可能性が強いことも判明した. さらに, 必ずしも増収に結びつかない場合にもサツマイモ栽培の安定性を高める効果が期待できると思われた.
著者
Kenjirou Ogawa Takara Karitani Wataru Otsu Kazuo Nishiyama Hisato Kunitake Yo Goto Shota Nomiyama Hideaki Hara Masao Yamasaki
出版者
The Pharmaceutical Society of Japan
雑誌
BPB Reports (ISSN:2434432X)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.6, no.3, pp.87-97, 2023 (Released:2023-05-26)
参考文献数
29

Background: Blue light causes retinal photoreceptor damage via oxidative and endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress. A previous study showed that blueberry stem extract (BStEx) and its active components have cytoprotective effects against blue-light-induced photoreceptor cell damage by suppressing oxidative stress. This study demonstrated the inhibitory effect of BStEx against blue light-induced ER stress in photoreceptor cells. Methods: The photoreceptor cells treated with BStEx or the antioxidant N-Acetyl-L-cysteine (NAC) as a positive control were used and then exposed to blue light. The cytoprotective effects of BStEx and NAC were evaluated using CCK-8. The ER stress-related protein expression changes over time, and its levels were measured after each exposure time to blue light in photoreceptor cells treated with BStEx or NAC. Results: BStEx and NAC showed protective effects against blue-light-induced photoreceptor morphological abnormalities and cell damage. Although blue light triggered ER stress factors such as BiP, PERK, ATF6, eIF2α, ATF4, and CHOP, which in turn stimulated cell cycle arrest factors p53 and p21 and upregulation of apoptosis-inducing factors caspase-3. However, BStEx suppressed the increase in expression of BiP, ATF4, ATF6, CHOP, p53, p21, and caspase-3, but not mitochondrial apoptotic factors Bax and cytochrome c. Furthermore, the antioxidant NAC showed similar suppressive effects on BStEx. Conclusion: Our findings suggest that blue light-induced ER stress is primarily caused by oxidative stress, and BStEx might suppress ER stress via an antioxidant effect. The antioxidant NAC contributes to the cell proliferative capacity and suppression of apoptosis in photoreceptor cells.
著者
平山 朋子
出版者
公益社団法人 応用物理学会
雑誌
応用物理 (ISSN:03698009)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.92, no.6, pp.360-364, 2023-06-01 (Released:2023-06-01)
参考文献数
3

近年の量子ビーム分析技術の発展と拡張に伴い,実作動環境下での分析,すなわち「オペランド(Operando)分析」へのニーズが高まりつつある.本稿では,その中でもX線および中性子線を用いた機械的な動的環境下でのオペランド分析に焦点を当て,その装置設計や得られた結果について紹介する.
著者
笠原 一人
出版者
日本建築学会
雑誌
日本建築学会計画系論文集 (ISSN:13404210)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.88, no.807, pp.1734-1745, 2023-05-01 (Released:2023-05-01)
参考文献数
17

The magazine “Design” was published from September 1927 to October 1935 by Sousei-sha in Osaka, led by Kouichi Emura. It introduced some architectural organizations such as International Architectural Association of Japan, Souu-sha, Teppi-sha, and Rokka Crafts Association. The works and articles were published range from eclecticism to modernism, and were various specialists in architecture, design, landscaping, furniture, etc.. The editorial policies of “Design” were “open magazine”, “magazine for unknown writers”, “not to stick to styles and principles”, and “independence and freedom”. “Design” reformed itself sometimes, such as lowering the price and opening call for participants works and articles.
著者
山本 浩二 垣田 恵佑 島本 好平 永木 耕介
出版者
日本武道学会
雑誌
武道学研究 (ISSN:02879700)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.51, no.2, pp.75-87, 2018-12-28 (Released:2019-12-28)
参考文献数
31
被引用文献数
5

The purpose of this research was to examine the effect of the acquisition of life skills on competitive results in Japanese university judo players considering the temporal delay between the two variables. 517 judo players who belong to private universities (12 universities in total) participated in this research. For the life skills survey, which was conducted between early-May and late-June 2014, the participants were asked to complete a questionnaire—the Appraisal Scale of Required Life Skills for College Student Athletes (Shimamoto et al., 2013)—before the competition. The competitive results of the participants were obtained from the All-Japan Student Judo Championship Competition (AJSCC) for university students held in Tokyo during late-September. First, participants were categorized into 2 groups: a “High Competitive Level Group (n=103)”, who participated in the above mentioned AJSCC, and a “Low Competitive Level Group (n=400)”, who did not participate in the AJSCC. The results of the t-test revealed that the life skill levels of the former group were significantly higher than the latter group regarding thinking carefully, communication, setting goals, always making one’s best effort, and taking responsibility for one’s own behavior. Secondly, the participants of the former group were classified into 3 groups based on the results of the AJSCC: a “High Competitive Result Group (HCRG, n=38)”, a “Middle Competitive Result Group (MCRG, n=28)”, and a “Low Competitive Result Group (LCRG, n=37)”. The results of the analysis of variance using the life skills data obtained before the AJSCC showed that: (1) on the level of being humble, HCRG is significantly higher than MCRG; (2) on the level of taking responsibility for one’s own behavior, HCRG is significantly higher compared to LCRG; (3) on the level of maintaining physical health and well-being, HCRG is significantly higher than the other 2 groups. It was suggested that the results of this study could lead to a coaching style to achieve high competitive results without violent behavior from coaches.