著者

山本 弘二 安田 康晴 友安 陽子 坂口 英児 宮崎 龍二

出版者

一般社団法人 日本臨床救急医学会

雑誌

日本臨床救急医学会雑誌 (ISSN:13450581)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.23, no.6, pp.751-758, 2020-12-28 (Released:2020-12-28)

参考文献数

13

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背景:救急車の出動件数は年々増加しているが,交通事故の形態や防止策については検討されていない。目的:救急車が緊急走行中に発生した交通事故形態を分析し,事故防止策を検討する。対象と方法:平成25年からの5年間に全国で発生した救急車の緊急走行中の事故について,交通事故総合分析センターのデータベースを用いて,一般車両による事故形態と統計学的に比較した。結果:救急車事故および一般車事故ともに「車両相互」による事故がもっとも多く,一般車事故では「追突その他」が多い。救急車事故では「交差点内」の「出会い頭」よる事故がもっとも多く発生していた。結論:救急車の緊急走行中における交通事故形態と一般車による交通事故形態が異なっていた。救急車の緊急走行中における「交差点内」および「出会い頭」の事故防止策として,一般車両に救急車の接近,とくに交差点内で早期認識効果につながる救急車の改良が必要と考える。

出版者

国際情報社

巻号頁・発行日

vol.44(4)(復刊320), 1979-04

著者

鈴木 直弥 上田 陽平 高垣 直尚 植木 巌 池田 篤俊

出版者

Advanced Marine Science and Technology Society

雑誌

海洋理工学会誌 (ISSN:13412752)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.27, no.1, pp.73-79, 2022-07-30 (Released:2022-08-27)

参考文献数

23

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Drag coefficient on the ocean surface is determined by various studies based on different mechanisms, such as turbulence and wave breaking, closely related to wind speed. The global ocean datasets of wind speed are distributed by various temporal resolutions based on reanalysis, assimilation, and satellite data. Recently, the wind speed data with higher temporal resolution have been provided. Using 6-hourly and hourly wind datasets, the air-sea momentum fluxes were estimated by several drag coefficient models proposed by Large & Yeager (2009), Andreas et al. (2012), Takagaki et al. (2012), & Hwang (2018). The globally averaged annual mean air-sea momentum fluxes were derived from the different drag coefficient models. The maximum difference of the annual mean values among the models reaches approximately 30% of annual mean values. The meridional structure of zonally averaged annual mean air-sea momentum flux has double peak at relatively higher latitudes from 40°S/N to 60°N/S. At those peaks maximum difference among the models reaches more than 30% of the zonally averaged annual mean. In terms of differences in temporal resolution on the wind speed datasets on each grid, the differences between hourly and 6-hourly wind data became larger with decreasing average period. The maximum difference of 66.7% was recognized on daily mean. The large difference was remarkable in higher wind speed regions, such as typhoon’s paths in the western Pacific. The effects of wind variability on different temporal resolution datasets are significant for estimating the air-sea momentum flux.

出版者

チャネル

巻号頁・発行日

vol.10(7), no.108, 1984-07

著者

伊藤 隆

出版者

JAPANESE POLITICAL SCIENCE ASSOCIATION

雑誌

年報政治学 (ISSN:05494192)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.23, pp.134-180, 1973-03-30 (Released:2009-12-21)

著者

小坂 悠登 伊藤 毅志

雑誌

研究報告ゲーム情報学(GI) (ISSN:21888736)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.2019-GI-41, no.15, pp.1-7, 2019-03-01

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本研究では従来チェスや将棋.オセロといった二人完全情報確定零和ゲームで行われてきたゲームAIを利用した棋力推定のアプローチを囲碁に応用する手法について検討した.他のゲームと囲碁AIの大きな違いはベースとなっているアルゴリズムがミニマックス探索ではなく,モンテカルロ木探索(MCTS)である点である.そのため,従来の手法で用いられてきたミニマックス探索でいうところの「評価値」の代わりに,本研究ではMCTSが導き出す局面評価に相当する概念である「勝率」という指標を用いることにした.棋譜の評価においては,MCTSのみ用いた囲碁プログラムと,Alpha Goの探索手法に倣ってDNN(Deep Neural Network)を用いた囲碁プラグラムの両者を用いて実験結果の比較検証を行った.さらに,これらの手法を合議で組み合わせることによって,さらに飛躍的に棋力推定の精度を高めることができた.

著者

末冨 芳

出版者

日本教育行政学会

雑誌

日本教育行政学会年報 (ISSN:09198393)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.31, pp.133-150, 2005-10-14 (Released:2018-01-09)

被引用文献数

2

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Delegation of power from the central government to local governments or each public compulsory school is now proceeding. The Ministry of Education, therewith, has emphasized "participation" of residents and parents in community. In this article, such a situation is called educational reform with decentralization. Educational reform is interesting because an austere fiscal policy is included in this decentralization and residents participation included in education reform makes an especially powerful impact on the school. From the financial perspective, this reform may benefit from allocating a limited educational budget efficiently thorough participation of residents and parents in public schools. On the other hand, residents and parents may be used as a cheap manpower to compensate for the lack of educational resources. From a political perspective, this reform may be a good opportunity to regenerate a social network in the community and empower residents, parents and children. On the other hand, this reform may stir up conflicts between residents. In this article, methods of residents and parent's cooperative management of a public school and children's education which ensure the diversity of residential and parental membership in "participation" are examined. First, in education reform with decentralization, which emphasizes the character of parents and inhabitants as "cooperative managers," the features of recent public schools which improve the adaptability to "club goods" as set up by James Buchanan is established. Therewith, it is pointed out that the limit of the "club goods" concept is in the assumption of "homogeneous membership." In theories of social science, discussion of the assumption of "homogeneous membership" is maturing. Putnam, who insists that "participation of parents and community to school improvement" is important for education in public schools and children, emphasizes the importance of "active membership." On the other hand Selle and Stromsnes criticize Putnam because a "passive member" is important to keep political pluralism as a basis of democracy. Such discussion about "membership" is important to enable us to consider how to treat various members in collective decision-making about the cooperative management of public schools and children's education. Second, quantitative feature of "active members" and "passive members" of public elementary school parents, differences of expectation level in schools between these two membership groups and factors that influence membership are grasped. As a result of this analysis, it is clear that 19.2% of parents are "active members" (205 parents) and that 25.4% are "passive members" (270 parents). Moreover, it turns out that the "passive members" have a high concern with public schools and children's education, almost at the same level as "active members." Thirdly, the method of cooperative management of public schools and in education in terms of various memberships is considered, including treatment of "passive members."

著者

岩永 定 芝山 明義 橋本 洋治 岩城 孝次

出版者

日本教育経営学会

雑誌

日本教育経営学会紀要 (ISSN:02872870)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.46, pp.52-64, 2004-05-30 (Released:2017-07-06)

被引用文献数

1

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In the recent educational reform, school, family, community partnership is emphasized in papers of various advisory committees. But many schools in Japan have closed the doors to parents and residents for a long time. It is easy to say that school should open, but difficult to realize it. At least, next three conditions are needed for partnership. They are 1) change of teachers' consciousness, 2) parents' active concern and participation, 3) support by community. Main purposes of this paper are to clarify the parents' evaluation to school that their child attend, composition of parents' consciousness to school education and the relation between these factors and parents' desire to participate to school. To perform these purposes, we practiced questionnaire survey. 3,322 responses of 12 elementary schools and 8 junior high schools, located at big city, urban area and local area, were analyzed. Research findings are as follows: 1) Although the parents' desire to participate to the school differs by the category, it is generally high. They want to get more informations about school activities, and to become friendly with teachers. But the parents do not want to participate in the organizational activities of a school. It means that parents are audiences, but not independent partners. 2) We were thinking to be able to catch the parents' consciousness with elements of 'independence', 'reliance' and 'secession'. As a result of factor analysis, next three factors were found, 'support for school' 'reliance to school' and 'aiming for a high academic career'. Our hypothesis was not proven. Items of question should be reconsidered. 3) These new factors affect the parents' desire of participation. The parents who support school actually, and aim for a high academic career for their children have high desire of participation. 4) Although the bad information of schools tends to be poured through mass media, many parents evaluate their children's school affirmatively. As the parents evaluate the school more affirmatively, the parents' desire of participation becomes higher except parents who rely to school excessively. As a result of survey, we can conclude that there is potential possibility for school, family, community partnership, but we must overcome many barriers to realize it inJapan.

著者

張 晶鑫

出版者

神戸大学

巻号頁・発行日

2020

著者

古橋 勉 新田 博幸 工藤 泰幸 真野 宏之

出版者

公益社団法人 応用物理学会

雑誌

応用物理 (ISSN:03698009)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.68, no.7, pp.821-826, 1999-07-10 (Released:2009-02-05)

参考文献数

9

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液晶ディスプレイは,薄型,軽量,低消費電力が特徴であることから,ノートPCなどの表示装置として広く採用されてきている.現在では,対角画面サイズが15インチ以上,解像度が1024×768画素以上の大画面,高精細液晶ディスプレイが各社から製品化されてきている.これに伴い,液晶モニターという新しい市場も拡大してきている.本文では,この液晶ディスプレイの駆動方式と駆動回路ならびに高速伝送技術に関して解説する.

著者

和田 哲也

出版者

日本武道学会

雑誌

武道学研究 (ISSN:02879700)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.44, no.1, pp.25-36, 2011-09-30 (Released:2012-09-30)

参考文献数

66

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The purpose of this paper is to use historical materiology to study the reliability of the personal history of Toru Shirai as described in Tenshinden Shirairyu Heiho Tsukaikata, written by Shirai’s disciple Okunojyo Yoshida. To do so, we clarify the descriptive form and contents of the biography, the source of the information used by Yoshida to write the history, and we verify the truth of the content. The conclusions of this study can be summarized as follows: 1) The biography of Toru Shirai as described in Tenshinden Shirairyu Heiho Tsukaikata is based on what Shirai himself wrote in Heiho Mitchishirube. However, information about Shirai’s birth and social position were added to the beginning, information about his experiences that occurred after Shirai wrote Heiho Mitchishirube were added to the end, and anecdotes about his kenjutsu practice after age 8, including his matches against swordsmen from different schools, were inserted in the middle of Tenshinden Shirairyu Heiho Tsukaikata. 2) The added information is described in concrete terms, and some of it must have been communicated directly from Shirai to Yoshida. Judging from the related sources, Yoshida seems to have kept records of what Shirai said. Therefore, details of Shirai’s birth, social position, and anecdotes about his kenjutsu practice and so on must have been described based on Yoshida’s records. In that sense, the added information can be said to have a fairly high reliability as a historical source. 3) As a result of the detailed verification of the truth of Shirai’s birth, social position, anecdotes about his encounter with the ascetic Tokuhon, and other matters, it has been proved that most of the information is true. We can, therefore, conclude that Shirai’s personal history in Tenshinden Shirairyu Heiho Tsukaikata, written based on Heiho Mitchishirube that Shirai himself wrote and what Shirai said, has a fairly high reliability as a historical source from the standpoint of historical materiology.

著者

根橋 直人

出版者

Japan Society of Civil Engineers

雑誌

土木史研究 (ISSN:09167293)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.13, pp.349-354, 1993-06-01 (Released:2010-06-15)

参考文献数

5

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辰巳用水 (1632・寛永9年完), 玉川上水 (1654・承応3年完) と共に江戸時代の三大用水と称された深良用水 (通称箱根用水, 1670・寛文10年完) の概要と, 後年同用水の水争いの逆川事件とその主謀者須永伝蔵の概略について述べる。

出版者

国際情報社

巻号頁・発行日

vol.46(7)(復刊347), 1981-07

著者

二上 貴夫 大野 晋 三嶋 良武 松本 健一 二上 貴夫

雑誌

情報処理

巻号頁・発行日

vol.39, no.8, 1998-08-15

著者

江連 悠貴 井上 碩 牧野 泰才 篠田 裕之

出版者

一般社団法人 日本機械学会

雑誌

ロボティクス・メカトロニクス講演会講演概要集 2016 (ISSN:24243124)

巻号頁・発行日

pp.1A2-12a5, 2016 (Released:2017-06-19)

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Recently, there is an increasing demand for the method of 3D rendering which achieves both reducing the processing load and keeping the quality of generated image. One of the solutions to this trade-off is ”foveated rendering”, in which rendering is simplified as far as human cannot perceive. In the most of the previous researches, they adopted foveated rendering using a heuristic and discrete evaluation which causes generated image to be unnatural for the human perception. Then we suggest the method of foveated rendering which continuously simplifies rendering based on spatial frequency response of human vision system. We experimentally show that proposed method enables to render images approximately three times as fast as maximum-resolution rendering.

出版者

日本視聴覚教育協会

巻号頁・発行日

vol.35(4), no.402, 1981-04

著者

木の建築フォラム大規模木造体育館火災調査団 長谷見 雄二 鍵屋 浩司 北後 明彦 宮武 敦

出版者

一般社団法人 日本建築学会

雑誌

日本建築学会技術報告集 (ISSN:13419463)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.9, no.17, pp.209-212, 2003-06-20 (Released:2017-04-14)

参考文献数

4

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Fire of an approximately 1,000m^2 wooden gymnasium is investigated with the interest in the verification of the fire safety design for heavy timber construction based on the insulation effect of char layer and in the mechanism of the fast fire spread from the activation of fire alarm to flashover. The conventional char layer growing velocity, 0.6mm/min, is supported from investigation of the remaining components. The fast fire spread is attributed to the full burning of the partition wall.

著者

長谷川 正哉 金井 秀作 清水 ミシェルアイズマン 島谷 康司 田中 聡 沖 貞明 大塚 彰

出版者

コ・メディカル形態機能学会

雑誌

形態・機能 (ISSN:13477145)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.5, no.2, pp.75-80, 2007-03-22 (Released:2010-09-09)

参考文献数

29

被引用文献数

5

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靴着用が原因と考えられる扁平足、外反母趾等の障害が増加している。これら足部障害の予防には、靴等の環境要因の改善および足部内在筋強化等の身体要因の改善が重要である。本研究では履物着用中の歩行が足部に及ぼす影響について調査し、その中で下駄着用歩行の有効性について検討する事を目的とした。実験は裸足、靴着用、下駄着用の3条件とし、足趾MP関節運動及び内側縦アーチの動態を計測した。関節角度の計測には三次元動作解析装置であるOxford Metrics社製VICON512を用いた。結果、裸足と比較して靴着用中におけるMP関節運動範囲、Arch運動範囲が有意に減少した。また、靴着用中と比較して下駄着用時にはMP関節運動範囲、Arch運動範囲が改善する傾向が認められた。足趾の積極的な使用が足部障害発生予防に有効であると報告されており、下駄着用による歩行の有効性が示唆された。

著者

垣田 宏治

出版者

名古屋工業大学

雑誌

名古屋工業大学紀要 (ISSN:0918595X)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.52, pp.33-42, 2001-03-31

著者

船津 衛 フナツ マモル Mamoru FUNATSU

出版者

東洋大学社会学部

雑誌

東洋大学社会学部紀要 = The Bulletin of Faculty of Sociology,Toyo University (ISSN:04959892)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.38, no.1, pp.37-54, 2000-12