著者
秋山 卓美 清水 久美子 藤巻 日出夫 内野 正 最上(西巻) 知子 五十嵐 良明
出版者
日本毒性学会
雑誌
日本毒性学会学術年会 第41回日本毒性学会学術年会
巻号頁・発行日
pp.P-250, 2014 (Released:2014-08-26)

【目的】4-(4-Hydroxyphenyl)-2-butanol(ロドデノール)を配合した美白化粧品の使用者に白斑が生じる事例が多数発生し,大きな問題になった.我々はロドデノールが皮膚のメラノサイトやケラチノサイトを傷害している可能性があると考え,ロドデノール及び製造原料である4-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-2-butanone(ラズベリーケトン)が各種細胞に与える影響を調べた.また,これら化合物の細胞内酵素による化学変化についても検討した.【方法】ロドデノール配合製品にメタノールを加えて超音波処理した後,キラルカラム及びODSカラムを装着したHPLCに供した.ロドデノール,ラズベリーケトン及びそれぞれの酸化体を市販正常ヒトメラノサイトまたはHaCaT細胞に添加し,ATP量を指標に細胞生存率を求めた.培養上清及び細胞破砕液についてLC/MS分析を行った.さらに,これら化合物の水溶液を酸素ガスでバブリングし,マッシュルーム由来チロシナーゼを加えて反応させた後,LC/MSで分析した.【結果及び考察】製品に使用されていたロドデノールは光学異性体混合物であり,R:S存在比はほぼ1:1であった.ロドデノール中のラズベリーケトン,製品へのラズベリーケトンの混入はごくわずかであった.ロドデノールの酸化体はメラノサイト及びHaCaT細胞のいずれに対してもロドデノール及びラズベリーケトンに比べて強い細胞毒性が認められた.ロドデノール及びラズベリーケトンを添加した細胞の培養上清中にはそれぞれの酸化体が検出された.またこれらの化合物はチロシナーゼを直接処理すると酸化体に代謝されることを確認した.以上の結果より,ロドデノールはチロシナーゼ等により酸化体に代謝され,これらがメラノサイトの細胞死に強く関わることが示された.
著者
安部 達也 國本 正雄 鉢呂 芳一
出版者
日本大腸肛門病学会
雑誌
日本大腸肛門病学会雑誌 (ISSN:00471801)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.61, no.5, pp.247-253, 2008 (Released:2008-10-02)
参考文献数
33
被引用文献数
9 11

高齢化にともない増加が予想される便失禁患者に対応すべく便失禁専門外来を開設した.週1回の外来に2年弱で250名が受診した.女性の割合が高く,女性の方が高齢であった.便失禁症状は切迫性よりも漏出性が多かった.詳細な問診と肛門機能検査などから便失禁の原因を検討した結果,分娩損傷によるものが最多で全体の2割(48例)を占めた.その他,直腸脱(25例),肛門手術後(21例),内括約筋変性症(18例)などが多く,原因を特定できない特発性も44例あった.外科的治療は少なく,多くの症例でバイオフィードバック療法や肛門管電気刺激療法などの保存的治療を行った.高齢などを理由に無治療(31例)や,治療途中で脱落する例(20例)もあった.
著者
石崎 俊
出版者
公益社団法人 計測自動制御学会
雑誌
計測と制御 (ISSN:04534662)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.25, no.4, pp.329-334, 1986-04-10 (Released:2009-11-26)
参考文献数
18
著者
向口 武志
出版者
公益社団法人 日本造園学会
雑誌
ランドスケープ研究 (ISSN:13408984)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.75, no.5, pp.377-382, 2012 (Released:2013-08-09)
参考文献数
51

This paper discusses to examine the construction process of Shiga Park completed in 1931 in Nagoya, and to define its historical urban planning implications before World War II. Shiga Park, based on the "Master Plan of Park in Nagoya" in 1926, was the earliest project of the development through the private land readjustment in Japan at that time. KANO Tsutomu, who was the planner of the “Master Plan of Park in Nagoya”, designed Shiga Park as a natural combined with modern park facilities and deciduous forests. Although Shiga Park was opened as part of park planning areas, integrated garden paths constructed on both the parkland and the remaining land of park planning areas that provided for development of park in the future. As work progress, the land readjustment union deepened their understanding of the significance of a modern park, decided to make two small parks voluntarily. Both the economic success of Shiga Park and Park promotion measures from 1932 amended the civil recognition of a modern park in Nagoya before World War II, and this trend prompted the donation of land by beneficiaries in cases such as Higashiyama Park completed in 1937.
著者
Naho Maruyama Shigeru Tansho-Nagakawa Chizuru Miyazaki Kazuyuki Shimomura Yasuo Ono Shigeru Abe
出版者
公益社団法人日本薬学会
雑誌
Biological and Pharmaceutical Bulletin (ISSN:09186158)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.40, no.2, pp.161-168, 2017-02-01 (Released:2017-02-01)
参考文献数
29
被引用文献数
14

Hydrosol prepared from the flowers of Rosa damascena (rose water) has been traditionally used for various health-related issues, including skin troubles such as erythema, itchiness, swelling. For the care of these skin troubles caused by microbial infection, both antimicrobial and antiinflammatory effects are required. Here, we investigated the effects of rose water on the growth of Candida albicans and methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), which cause skin infections, and on the function of neutrophils, which play a major role in the regulation of inflammatory reactions. To assess its modulatory effects on neutrophils, the effects of rose water against neutrophil adhesion response were evaluated. Rose water inhibited mycelial growth of C. albicans at a concentration of ca. 2.2%, and reduced viability of MRSA within 1 h. Rose water suppressed neutrophil activation induced by lipopolysaccharide (LPS), tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α), and N-formyl-Met-Leu-Phe (fMLP) at 5–15%. It also reduced the LPS- and TNF-α-induced cell surface expression of the adhesion-related molecule, cluster of differentiation (CD) 11b, but did not affect the migratory capacity of neutrophils with or without chemoattractant. These results suggest that rose water may reduce the pathogenicity of microbes, and attenuate neutrophil stimulation, which is involved in inflammatory responses. These findings suggest that rose water has a potential effect to inhibit skin inflammation caused by microbes.
著者
Yoshiko Wada Yuko Wada Satoko Ennyu Ken-ichi Shimokawa Fumiyoshi Ishii
出版者
バイオ&ソーシャル・サイエンス推進国際研究交流会
雑誌
Drug Discoveries & Therapeutics (ISSN:18817831)
巻号頁・発行日
pp.2016.01075, (Released:2017-02-08)
参考文献数
17
被引用文献数
4

This study was conducted in order to establish a health management method for the elderly in a community through follow-ups of bone mineral density (BMD) measurement results over a 1-year period based on BMD measurements performed by pharmacists and a guidance program. Regarding BMD measurement results, the percent young adult mean (%YAM: mean BMD in healthy persons of the same sex aged between 51 and 82 years old) significantly increased in Period I, during which the intervention by pharmacists was performed (6 months after the start of measurements), but significantly decreased in Period II, during which this intervention was not performed (between 7 and 12 months after the start of measurements). Based on these results, lifestyle improvements were effective in Period I regardless of sex or age; however, it may be important to maintain an improved diet and subject motivation in the future. The results of this study suggest that community pharmacists play an important role in community medicine through positive intervention for local residents' health support.
著者
揖場 和子 川崎 勲 山本 秀樹 魚井 孝悦 木下 迪男
出版者
一般社団法人 日本老年医学会
雑誌
日本老年医学会雑誌 (ISSN:03009173)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.36, no.5, pp.365-368, 1999-05-25 (Released:2009-11-24)
参考文献数
7
被引用文献数
2 1

銅を含まない濃厚流動食を経鼻にて数年間投与され血清銅の著減を示した三症例のうち二症例が白血球減少を合併した. 銅を豊富に含む流動食に変更後, 血清銅は正常範囲に上昇し, 白血球数は正常化した. その結果, 白血球減少が銅の欠乏による可能性が高いと考えられた. 経口摂取不可の寝たきり症例はチューブによる強制的な栄養に依存する. 管理栄養下ではカロリーだけでなく, 銅をはじめとする微量元素の内容にも配慮することが重要である.
著者
森山 昭雄 淺井 道広
出版者
The Association of Japanese Geographers
雑誌
地理学評論 (ISSN:00167444)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.53, no.9, pp.557-573, 1980-09-01 (Released:2008-12-24)
参考文献数
18
被引用文献数
1 2

これまでに調べられた多くの河川堆積物は, -2~0φの粒径がヒストグラムの谷となるのに対して,矢作川河床堆積物はおよそ-2φおよび0φの付近にピークが現われる.その原因について,粒径別に礫種・鉱物種の構成比を調べ,さらに流域の大半を占める花醐岩類の造岩鉱物とその風化マサの粒度組成を調べた結果,次の結論を得た.すなわち, -2φおよび0φ付近にピークを持つB・C集団は,それぞれ伊那川・小原岩体の粗粒花歯岩と武節・下山岩体の細粒花歯岩類の造岩鉱物およびその風化マサの粒度組成と密接な関係があり,両岩体の岩石が流送過程で破砕・分解されて鉱物粒子となり,それに風化マサが加わって河床で混合したものであると解した.
著者
長峯 聖人 外山 美樹
出版者
日本感情心理学会
雑誌
感情心理学研究 (ISSN:18828817)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.24, no.1, pp.22-32, 2016-11-30 (Released:2017-02-22)
参考文献数
27
被引用文献数
2

Japanese people’s experience of nostalgia was investigated and difference between nostalgia in Japan, and in English-speaking countries were compared. Undergraduate student participants (N=61) were divided into three conditions: “nostalgic recollection”, “ordinary recollection”, and “positive recollection”. Content analysis indicated that consistent with previous studies, Japanese students describe more about themselves, or about a relationship with a specific person during nostalgic narratives than in other narratives. However, the proportion of description including acceptance of the past was lower than in previous studies. Results also indicated that less positive and more negative affect were observed in the nostalgic recollection condition than in the other two conditions. In addition, there was more “bittersweet” affect in the nostalgic recollection condition. Furthermore, no appreciable differences were observed in the three conditions in relation to the three major functions of nostalgia―self-esteem, meaning in life, and perceived social support. We have discussed the necessity for exploring the uniqueness of nostalgia in Japan compared to that in English-speaking countries.
著者
Moeko KOHYAMA Masato KITAGAWA Hiroaki KAMISHINA Yui KOBATAKE Akira YABUKI Mariko SAWA Shusaku KAKITA Osamu YAMATO
出版者
公益社団法人 日本獣医学会
雑誌
Journal of Veterinary Medical Science (ISSN:09167250)
巻号頁・発行日
pp.16-0391, (Released:2016-12-12)
被引用文献数
4

Canine degenerative myelopathy (DM) is an adult-onset, progressive neurodegenerative disease that occurs in multiple dog breeds. A DM-associated mutation of the canine superoxide dismutase 1 (SOD1) gene, designated as c.118G>A (p.E40K), has been implicated as one of pathogenetic determinants of the disease in many breeds, but it remains to be determined whether the c.118G>A mutation is responsible for development or progression of DM in Collies. Previously, a Rough Collie was diagnosed clinically and histopathologically as having DM in Japan, suggesting the possibility that the Collie breed may be predisposed to DM due to the high frequency of c.118G>A in Japan. In this study, accumulation and aggregate formation of SOD1 protein were retrospectively demonstrated in the spinal cord of the DM-affected dog by immunohistochemical analysis. Furthermore, a molecular epidemiological survey revealed a high carrier rate (27.6%) and mutant allele frequency (0.138) of c.118G>A in a population of Collies in Japan, suggesting that the Collie breed may be predisposed to DM associated with c.118G>A, and the prevention of DM in Collies in Japan should be addressed through epidemiological and genetic testing strategies.
著者
中村 伸
出版者
日本マイコトキシン学会
雑誌
マイコトキシン (ISSN:02851466)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.50, no.2, pp.101-104, 2000-07-31 (Released:2009-08-04)
参考文献数
16

スギ花粉症などの即時型アレルギー反応は,抗原(スギ花粉症では,スギ花粉中に含まれる塩基性蛋白質のCryj.IならびにCryj.IIが抗原となる)に対する特異的IgE抗体の産生が原因となる免疫異常で,近年こうしたアレルギー疾患が急増し,全人口の約20%が何らかのアレルギー症に悩まされている.アレルギー疾患は,欧米や日本等の"先進国"で多い事から"文明病"的位置づけにあるが,野生動物のサル類でもスギ花粉症が見られる.我々は準野性状態で飼育されているニホンザルの中に,ヒトと同様なスギ花粉症を見い出し,それを契機にサルモデル系でのIgE産生応答やアレルギー反応に関する研究を進めている.その過程で,ヒトの場合,過去数十年間の衛生環境の変化(原虫や寄生虫感染の低下など)が細胞性免疫応答(Th1)/液性免疫応答(Th2)のインバランス(Th2亢進)を惹起し,抗原特異的IgE抗体の産生亢進→花粉症・アレルギー疾患の増大要因となっていることを明らかにした.
著者
田原 誠 柴田 篤 桂 紳矢
出版者
公益社団法人 日本薬理学会
雑誌
日本薬理学雑誌 (ISSN:00155691)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.147, no.5, pp.311-318, 2016 (Released:2016-05-13)
参考文献数
27

慢性骨髄性白血病(CML)患者の95%以上で発現しているBcr-Abl融合遺伝子は,その恒常的な活性化が白血病細胞の増殖に関与しており,Bcr-AblチロシンキナーゼはCMLの治療における分子標的と考えられている.ボスチニブ水和物(以下ボスチニブと記す)はCMLの治療薬として開発された,AblおよびSrcを選択的に阻害する経口チロシンキナーゼ阻害薬(TKI)である.ボスチニブは酵素レベルではAblおよびSrcに加えて数種のイマチニブ耐性型Bcr-Ablに対しても阻害作用を示し,細胞レベルでは種々の野生型およびイマチニブ耐性のCML細胞株に対して増殖阻害作用並びにシグナル伝達阻害作用を示した.一方ボスチニブは,イマチニブ,ダサチニブおよびニロチニブと異なり,c-Kitおよび血小板由来成長因子受容体(PDGFR)に対しては阻害作用を示さず,骨髄抑制および体液貯留に起因する副作用の軽減が期待された.In vivoにおいてもボスチニブはCMLを始めとする種々の異種移植モデルにおいて,臨床的に到達可能な血漿中濃度で抗腫瘍作用を示した.臨床試験では,2次治療および3次治療のCML患者を対象として国内外で実施した第Ⅰ/Ⅱ相試験の第Ⅱ相部分(有効性検討試験)で主要評価項目に設定した2次治療の慢性期CML患者の24週時点での細胞遺伝学的大寛解(MCyR)率は,海外試験では35.5%,国内試験では35.7%であった.また忍容性は全般的に良好であり,安全性プロファイルは許容可能であった.さらに骨髄抑制および体液貯留に起因するボスチニブの副作用の発現率はイマチニブ,ダサチニブおよびニロチニブより低く,非臨床試験で示された標的阻害プロファイルの違いが臨床的に裏付けられた.これらの非臨床および臨床試験成績からボスチニブの有用性が確認され,本邦では前治療薬に抵抗性又は不耐容の慢性骨髄性白血病を適応症として2014年9月に承認された.
著者
Shigeto Morita So Sugiyama Yoshihiro Nomura Takehiro Masumura Shigeru Satoh
出版者
一般社団法人 園芸学会
雑誌
The Horticulture Journal (ISSN:21890102)
巻号頁・発行日
pp.OKD-007, (Released:2017-02-22)
被引用文献数
3

2,4-Pyridinedicarboxylic acid (2,4-PDCA) extends the vase life of cut flowers of spray-type carnations by accelerating flower opening as well as retarding senescence. Since 2,4-PDCA can inhibit 2-oxoglutarate-dependent dioxygenases, which include enzymes for gibberellin (GA) biosynthesis and catabolism, we hypothesized that GA might be involved in the enhancing effect of 2,4-PDCA on the flower opening of carnation. In this study, we tested this possibility by examining the changes in gene expression of DELLA protein (GAI), a negative regulator of GA signaling, and GA levels in carnation (Dianthus caryophyllus L. ‘Light Pink Barbara (LPB)’) flowers treated with 2,4-PDCA. We also analyzed the expression of cell expansion-related genes, xyloglucan endotransglucosylase/hydrolase (XTH), and expansin genes as markers of flower opening in the treated flowers. The transcript level of GAI gene was increased, whereas that of expansin was decreased, in petals of the 2,4-PDCA-treated flowers compared to those of the control, which was contrary to the enhancement of flower opening. Our results suggest that the changes in the expression of these genes are not associated with the enhancing effects of 2,4-PDCA. In addition, GA3 content tended to be decreased by 2,4-PDCA treatment in the petals of opening flowers. Flower opening was not accelerated, but rather delayed, by treatment of flower buds with exogenous GA3 and not affected by paclobutrazol, an inhibitor of GA biosynthesis, in ‘LPB’ carnation. These results suggest that endogenous GA is not associated with the enhancement of flower opening by 2,4-PDCA in carnation.
著者
亀井 隆幸 八木 保樹
出版者
公益財団法人 パブリックヘルスリサーチセンター
雑誌
ストレス科学研究 (ISSN:13419986)
巻号頁・発行日
pp.2016004, (Released:2016-12-29)
参考文献数
15

Consistent with the concept of security priming, it was hypothesized that reminders of significant others providing sense of security would invite individuals to be tolerant of a romantic partner’s lies. Two experiments were conducted to test this hypothesis. Security priming was performed by asking participants to recall a real life experience suggesting their own significant others’ supportiveness. Dependent variables were the responses to hypothetical situations in which a romantic partner had lied and the deception had been discovered. Experiment 1 showed that security priming could reduce the degree of ungenerosity interference in forgiving a partner, after the deception had been discovered. Experiment 2 showed that this effect did not result from the mildness of threat stimuli attributed to the fact that hypothetical situations were written in third person. Taken together, these results suggested that the effect of security priming ease a self-threat produced by a romantic partner’s lies.
著者
江木 盛時 内野 滋彦 森松 博史 後藤 幸子 中 敏夫
出版者
一般社団法人 日本集中治療医学会
雑誌
日本集中治療医学会雑誌 (ISSN:13407988)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.16, no.1, pp.21-26, 2009-01-01 (Released:2009-07-25)
参考文献数
30
被引用文献数
2 1

過去に報告された無作為化比較試験(randomized controlled trial, RCT)で有効であるとされた治療法が,その後に行われたRCTで否定されることがある。その原因として,過去のRCTが有意差の得られやすい条件で施行されていることが挙げられる。RCTは,この条件を踏まえた上で考察することが重要である。その三要素として,(1)subgroup analysis, (2)single center open label study, (3)early terminationが挙げられる。(1)Subgroup analysisは,統計学的検討回数を増やすことで,(2)single center open label studyは,ホーソン効果と治療の浸透性により,(3)early terminationは,random highと統計学的検討回数の増加により,偽陽性の確率を高める。これらの手法を用いて得られたRCTの結果は,慎重に吟味する必要がある。
著者
Utaroh Motosugi Diego Hernando Curtis Wiens Peter Bannas Scott. B Reeder
出版者
日本磁気共鳴医学会
雑誌
Magnetic Resonance in Medical Sciences (ISSN:13473182)
巻号頁・発行日
pp.mp.2016-0081, (Released:2017-02-13)
参考文献数
47
被引用文献数
9

Purpose: To determine whether high signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) acquisitions improve the repeatability of liver proton density fat fraction (PDFF) measurements using confounder-corrected chemical shift-encoded magnetic resonance (MR) imaging (CSE-MRI).Materials and Methods: Eleven fat-water phantoms were scanned with 8 different protocols with varying SNR. After repositioning the phantoms, the same scans were repeated to evaluate the test-retest repeatability. Next, an in vivo study was performed with 20 volunteers and 28 patients scheduled for liver magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Two CSE-MRI protocols with standard- and high-SNR were repeated to assess test-retest repeatability. MR spectroscopy (MRS)-based PDFF was acquired as a standard of reference. The standard deviation (SD) of the difference (Δ) of PDFF measured in the two repeated scans was defined to ascertain repeatability. The correlation between PDFF of CSE-MRI and MRS was calculated to assess accuracy. The SD of Δ and correlation coefficients of the two protocols (standard- and high-SNR) were compared using F-test and t-test, respectively. Two reconstruction algorithms (complex-based and magnitude-based) were used for both the phantom and in vivo experiments.Results: The phantom study demonstrated that higher SNR improved the repeatability for both complex- and magnitude-based reconstruction. Similarly, the in vivo study demonstrated that the repeatability of the high-SNR protocol (SD of Δ = 0.53 for complex- and = 0.85 for magnitude-based fit) was significantly higher than using the standard-SNR protocol (0.77 for complex, P < 0.001; and 0.94 for magnitude-based fit, P = 0.003). No significant difference was observed in the accuracy between standard- and high-SNR protocols.Conclusion: Higher SNR improves the repeatability of fat quantification using confounder-corrected CSE-MRI.