著者
大熊 毅 野依 良治
出版者
社団法人 有機合成化学協会
雑誌
有機合成化学協会誌 (ISSN:00379980)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.54, no.7, pp.553-563, 1996-07-01 (Released:2009-11-16)
参考文献数
32
被引用文献数
3 5

Enantioselective reduction of prochiral ketones to optically active secondary alcohols is an important, fundamental subject in synthetic organic chemistry, because the resulting chiral alcohols are versatile building blocks for synthesis of natural or unnatural biological active compounds as well as functional materials. Asymmetric hydrogenation is particularly useful for a large-scale reduction because of the operational simplicity, economical advantage, and environmental consciousness. Enantioselective hydrogenation of simple ketones which have no heteroatoms near carbonyl groups has remained difficult. This review describes the recent development in this area. Certain chiral Ru (II) complexes exhibit an excellent catalytic activity and enantiodifferentiation ability in asymmetric hydrogenation of simple ketones in homogeneous phase.
著者
木津 純子 巨勢 典子 小林 洋一
出版者
Japanese Society of Environmental Infections
雑誌
環境感染 (ISSN:09183337)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.20, no.1, pp.44-50, 2005-03-15 (Released:2010-07-21)
参考文献数
16
被引用文献数
1

日局消毒用エタノールおよび香料添加消毒用エタノールをそれぞれ日局脱脂綿に含浸させた製剤を用い, 両薬剤の使用感と残存性を比較検討した.(1) 室温放置の質量測定で, 両製剤の残存性に差は認めなかった.(2) 医療器具 (ステンレスバット・プラスチックバット・輸液バック・ガラス輸液ボトル) の清拭について, 両薬剤を無作為に割付けた官能検査により, 外観への影響・べたつき感について清拭者, 直後の評価者, 60秒後の評価者とも両薬剤に有意差は認めなかった. 臭いの強さについては清拭者および60秒後の評価者においては差を認めなかったが, 直後の評価者における輸液バックとガラス輸液ボトル清拭直後の評価のみ, 香料添加消毒用エタノールの方が有意に強かった.(3) 皮膚消毒について, 両薬剤を無作為に割付けた官能検査により, 清拭者, 被清拭者とも清拭中の臭いの強さ, 10秒後の臭いの強さ, 臭いの好みにおいて差は認めなかった.(4) 手指消毒における使用感についてアンケート調査を実施した結果, 医療従事者は使用中の臭い, 10秒後の臭い, 臭いに関する好みに関して差を認めず, また職種による差も認めなかった. 学生では使用中および10秒後の臭いで香料添加消毒用エタノールの方に臭いを強く感じた者が多かったが, 臭いの好みには差を認めず, また性差も認めなかった.従って, 両薬剤の使用感・残存性について大きな差はなく, 香料添加消毒用エタノールは消毒用エタノールの代替として使用し得ることが示唆された.
著者
橋本 直樹 野田頭 達也 藤田 正弘 高屋 誠章 熊谷 達夫 田中 正則 佐々木 睦男
出版者
一般社団法人 日本消化器外科学会
雑誌
日本消化器外科学会雑誌 (ISSN:03869768)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.33, no.3, pp.323-327, 2000 (Released:2011-06-08)
参考文献数
26

症例は35歳の女性で, 下腹部腫瘤を主訴とし近医を受診, 卵巣腫瘍の診断で当院産婦人科にて両側付属器切除術が施行された. 組織診にて印環細胞癌と診断されたため, 当院内科にて胃内視鏡検査を施行し, 胃体中部大彎にIIc病変が認められた. 生検にて印環細胞癌と診断され, 当科にて胃全摘術3群郭清を施行, 再建はρ吻合, Roux-Y法で行った. 病理組織学的検討では深達度m, リンパ節転移n2 (+), 脈管侵襲はly (-), v (-) であった. 術後, 化学療法を施行し, 現在外来にて経過観察中である.一般にKrukenberg腫瘍は播種性転移として取り扱われているが, 本症例では肉眼的および腹水細胞診での腹膜播種は認められなかった. 検索した限りでは胃粘膜内癌によるKrukenberg腫瘍の報告は6例のみで, 本症例はまれであると考え報告した.
著者
島崎 崇史 吉川 政夫
出版者
一般社団法人 日本体育学会
雑誌
体育学研究 (ISSN:04846710)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.57, no.2, pp.427-447, 2012 (Released:2012-12-05)
参考文献数
64
被引用文献数
1 1

The purposes of this study were to construct a Nonverbal Communication Scale for Coaches (NCSC) and to examine relationships among nonverbal communication (NVC), communication ability and coaching evaluation. Study 1 involved construction of the NCSC. Adolescent athletes (n=166) completed a questionnaire that assessed their coach's nonverbal communication (perceived frequency and impression). Exploratory factor analysis yielded eight factors: negative NVC (unfavorable impression formation, negative attitude, unacceptable attitude and exhibition of perplexity) and positive NVC (positive distance, positive gesture, positive touching and positive expression). Study 2 involved testing the reliability and validity of the NCSC, and examining the relationships among NVC, communication ability and coaching evaluation. Adolescent athletes (n=276) estimated their coach's NVC, verbal communication and coaching using the NCSC, Communication Ability Evaluation Scale (Negishi and Kikkawa, 2006) and Coaching Evaluation Scale (Tanaka et al., 1996). Structural equation modeling demonstrated: 1) the reliability and validity of the NCSC for measuring the coach's NVC, 2) relationships among NVC, communication ability and coaching evaluation, and 3) mediation of coaching ability in the relationships. These findings provide a model of relationships among NVC, communication ability and coaching evaluation.
著者
武田 隆宏 谷口 和彦 浅利 一成 倉本 圭 小橋 昌司 畑 豊
出版者
日本知能情報ファジィ学会
雑誌
日本知能情報ファジィ学会 ファジィ システム シンポジウム 講演論文集 第25回ファジィ システム シンポジウム
巻号頁・発行日
pp.46, 2009 (Released:2009-12-15)

近年,様々なシステムの自動化に伴い利便性の高い個人認証技術が必要とされている.本論文では利用者の行動的な特徴を用いる生体認証の一つとして歩行時の足裏荷重分布を用いた生体認証手法を提案する.本手法では連続した歩行中より一歩分の荷重分布を抽出し認証に用いる.歩行行動の特徴として体重移動に基づく特徴および足形に基づく特徴を算出し,それぞれの特徴量において特徴量に関する二つの知識より導出されたファジィIF-THENルールに基づく分類器を作成する.これらの分類器を人工免疫システムを利用し学習させ個人認証を行う.男女30名の被験者よりそれぞれ6回分の荷重分布データを取得し本手法による認証性能の評価実験を行った.その結果,1対1照合である検証では15.0%のEER(Equal Error Rate),1対N照合である識別では7.0%のFAR(False Rejection Rate)の誤認証率により個人認証が行えた.
著者
笠原 義正 伊藤 健
出版者
公益社団法人 日本食品衛生学会
雑誌
食品衛生学雑誌 (ISSN:00156426)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.50, no.4, pp.167-172, 2009-08-25 (Released:2009-09-10)
参考文献数
7
被引用文献数
3 15

LC/MS/MSを用いてツキヨタケおよびその食中毒原因食品に含まれるilludin Sの定量法を開発した.試料をメタノールで抽出し,Oasis HLBを用いて精製し,LCのカラムにはInertsil ODS-3を使用し,移動相には0.1%ギ酸-メタノール(7 : 3)を用いた.MS/MSの条件はESIポジティブモード,測定はMRMモードで行った.本法では他のキノコに添加した場合のilludin Sの回収率は84~94%で,検出限界は0.08~0.10 μg/gであった.食中毒原因食品からilludin Sの測定は可能であり,食中毒食品を想定したキノコ汁についてはilludin Sの回収率は74.8%であった.本法はツキヨタケおよび食中毒原因食品中のilludin Sの分析に有用な方法である.
著者
Young Tae PARK Shozo OKANO
出版者
公益社団法人 日本獣医学会
雑誌
Journal of Veterinary Medical Science (ISSN:09167250)
巻号頁・発行日
pp.14-0687, (Released:2015-05-31)
被引用文献数
11

We investigated the influence of pneumoperitoneum#(PP) and postural change under inhalation anesthesia with isoflurane, which is routinely used in dogs, on the cardiovascular and respiratory systems. As test animals, 6 adult beagles were used. To induce anesthesia, atropine, butorphanol and propofol were intravenously injected. Anesthesia was maintained with 1.3 MAC (1.7%) isoflurane. The following were the experiment conditions: I:E ratio, 1:1.9; tidal air exchange, 20 ml/kg; and ventilation frequency, 14 times/min. Respiration was regulated so that the PaCO2 was approximately 35 to 40 mmHg before the start of the experiment. PP with CO2 (intraperitoneal pressure 15 mmHg) and a postural change (15 degrees) was performed during the experiment. As parameters of circulatory kinetics, heart rate (HR), mean aortic pressure (MAP), mean pulmonary arterial pressure (MPAP), central venous pressure (CVP), femoral venous pressure (FVP), and cardiac output (CO) were measured. As parameters of respiratory kinetics, airway pressure (PAW) and blood gas (BG) were measured. There were significant increases in HR, MAP, MPAP, CVP, FVP, CO, PAW and PaCO2 after PP in the horizontal position. There were significant increases in CVP, FVP, PAW and PaCO2 after PP in the Trendelenburg position. There were significant increases in the MPAP, CVP, FVP, PAW and PaCO2 after PP in the inverse Trendelenburg position. There was a significant difference in FVP after PP between the Trendelenburg position and inverse Trendelenburg position. The results of this experiment suggest that appropriate anesthesia control such as changing the ventilation conditions after PP is required for laparoscopic surgery under inhalation anesthesia with isoflurane.
著者
Yasuharu Mamiya Miyuki Hiratsuka Masao Murata
出版者
日本線虫学会
雑誌
日本線虫学会誌 (ISSN:09196765)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.35, no.1, pp.21-30, 2005-06-25 (Released:2011-08-11)
参考文献数
12
被引用文献数
5 9

The purpose of the study was to determine the extent and ability of wood-decay fungi to attack and kill the pinewood nematode, Bursaphelenchus xylophilus, and to determine the possibility of fungi that inhabit wood to affect the population dynamics of the pinewood nematode in diseased and dead pine trees. The ability of Pleurotus ostreatus, P. pulmonarius, P. eryngii, Lentinula edodes, Lampteromyces japonicus, Neolentinus lepideus, Trichaptum abietinum, Pholiota nameko and Cryptoporus volvatus to prey on the pinewood nematode was confirmed. Nematodes were inoculated on water agar plates on which a single, sparse fungal colony of one of the basidiomycetous fungus grew. Nematodes were immobilized and killed quickly after being inoculated onto plates of the each of the first five fungal species listed above. The other four species of fungi were less effective in attacking and destroying nematodes. The results of multiplication experiments of the pinewood nematode on a fungal colony grown together with Botrytis cinereaon potato dextrose agar paralleled those of the nematophagous ability of each fungus. Nematodes did not reproduce on the fungal colonies of the five species that rapidly killed the nematodes. Jpn. J. Nematol. 35 (1), 21-30 (2005).
著者
真宮 靖治
出版者
日本線虫学会
雑誌
日本線虫学会誌 (ISSN:09196765)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.36, no.1, pp.1-9, 2006-06-30 (Released:2007-11-22)
参考文献数
7
被引用文献数
5 7

数種木材腐朽菌の菌糸に対するマツノザイセンチュウ (以下線虫) の集合現象を検証する目的で、寒天平板上における線虫の行動を追跡した。これまでに、線虫に対する強い捕食効果を明らかにしてきたヒラタケ、ウスヒラタケ、エリンギ、シイタケ、ツキヨタケの菌糸では、線虫の顕著な集合現象が確認された。捕食効果が小さいか、あるいはほとんどないマツオウジ、シハイタケ、ヒトクチタケ、ナメコの各菌では、菌糸への線虫の集合は認められなかった。捕食効果がやや強いマツオウジでは、その他の各菌とは異なる菌糸に対する線虫の反応が観察された。Botrytis cinerea の菌糸に対して、捕食効果の強い各菌の場合ほど顕著ではなかったが、線虫の集合現象が認められた。これは食餌となる糸状菌に対する菌食性線虫の反応としてこれまで明らかにされたこととの一致と考えられた。本研究の結果から、線虫に対して強い捕食効果をもつ各種木材腐朽菌の菌糸には線虫誘引効果のあることが示された。
著者
福井 博
出版者
一般社団法人 日本肝臓学会
雑誌
肝臓 (ISSN:04514203)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.43, no.2, pp.84-93, 2002-02-25 (Released:2009-03-31)
参考文献数
88
著者
ガンガ 伸子
出版者
一般社団法人 日本家政学会
雑誌
日本家政学会誌 (ISSN:09135227)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.61, no.7, pp.417-420, 2010-07-15 (Released:2013-05-15)
参考文献数
8
被引用文献数
1

When the revised and enlarged 5th edition of the food composition table is compared with the fourth one, a decrease in the nutrition of vegetables due to seasonality and other factors can be observed. In order to measure the ways in which the fall in nutritive value might have influenced household food expenditure, I estimated the minimum value of food expenditure according to both the 4th and the 5th edition of the food composition tables by using linear programming. It was used to calculate the minimum cost of diet based on conditions which required the adequate intake of nutrition, sodium and PFC energy balance. The menu with the minimum cost consisted of wheat flour, eggs, cabbages and bean sprouts etc., and the main ingredients were starchy foods and eggs. While the minimum cost of diet in 2008 was 325.7 yen per day using the 4th edition of the food composition table, it was 372.7 yen per day with the 5th edition, an increase of 47.0 yen or 14.4 percent. Thus it was clear that the fall in various foods' nutritive value caused the household food expenditure increase. It means that people have to pay more if they wish to maintain the same nutritious level of diet as before.
著者
岩佐 翼 高宮 朋子 大谷 由美子 小田切 優子 菊池 宏幸 福島 教照 岡 浩一朗 北畠 義典 下光 輝一 井上 茂
出版者
一般社団法人日本体力医学会
雑誌
体力科学 (ISSN:0039906X)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.64, no.1, pp.145-154, 2015-02-01 (Released:2015-01-25)
参考文献数
37
被引用文献数
1 1

The purpose of this cross-sectional study is to investigate the difference in physical activity among elderly living in different areas in Japan (“Bunkyo Ward in Tokyo” (Bunkyo) and “Fuchu City in Tokyo” (Fuchu) as urban areas, and “Oyama Town in Shizuoka” (Oyama) as a non-urban area). Participants were 1859 community-dwelling residents aged 65-74 years, randomly selected from the residential registry (response rate: 68.9%). A mail survey using self-administered questionnaires was conducted. Multivariate logistic regression analyses were used to calculate the adjusted odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (95% CI) of various types of physical activity (eg, walking (Walking), going out (Going-out), bicycling (Bicycling), exercise habits (Exercise)), according to residential areas (reference category: Fuchu), stratified by gender, adjusting for socio-demographic variables. There was a significant difference in Going-out (ORs = 0.61 (95% CI: 0.44-0.86) for men, 0.48 (0.33-0.69) for women)), and Bicycling (0.04 (0.03-0.07) for men, 0.04 (0.02-0.07) for women) in Oyama compared to Fuchu. Furthermore, for women, there was a significant difference in Walking (0.56 (0.38-0.81)) and Exercise (0.59 (0.41-0.85)) in Oyama compared to Fuchu. There was a significant difference in Bicycling and Going-out for men in Bunkyo compared to Fuchu, but there was not a significant difference in other items. Low physical activity levels were observed in the elderly in the non-urban area compared to urban areas. The association was stronger in women. Regional difference might need to be taken into account for an effective physical activity intervention.
著者
丸山 大輔 東山 哲也
出版者
公益社団法人 日本農芸化学会
雑誌
化学と生物 (ISSN:0453073X)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.52, no.6, pp.380-386, 2014-06-01 (Released:2015-06-01)
参考文献数
24

一つの卵に対して一つの精子が受精すること,これは一部の例外を除き,正しく次世代の個体を形作るうえで必須の条件である.動物の卵は熾烈な競争を勝ち抜いた最初の精子だけを受精させる,多精拒否という仕組みを備えている.植物の生殖においても,卵細胞を内部にもつ胚珠に対して,精細胞を運ぶ花粉管が通常1本しか侵入しないように調節する「多花粉管拒否」現象が存在する.本総説では,この細胞レベルのメカニズムと,受精の成功率を高める植物の戦略について解説する.
著者
村上 暁信
出版者
農村計画学会
雑誌
農村計画学会誌 (ISSN:09129731)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.24, no.3, pp.169-176, 2005 (Released:2007-03-01)
参考文献数
13

The symbiosis of town and country has learnt to be an important issue in Japanese planning. Thus, it is needed to reexamine the history of Japanese planning system from the viewpoint of town-country relationship. In this study, regional improvement movement and the journal entitled “Shi-min” were taken up to be studied in the context. When scrutinized the visions on town, country and town-country relationships expressed in the articles of the journals, the following findings were obtained. The town was neglected at first, and then it was seen with aggression. On the other hand, a concrete image on a model country was created and remained with little change in the image.
著者
木下 衆
出版者
社会学研究会
雑誌
ソシオロジ (ISSN:05841380)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.57, no.1, pp.93-109,177, 2012-06-30 (Released:2015-05-13)
参考文献数
14
被引用文献数
1 2

In this article, the subject of my analysis is “how does the category become relevant, initially, at different times, and in different ways, in the life of a person?” (See Lynch2001: 249 about “dementia”.) Sociological studies on early dementia (Deguchi 1999; Amada 2007; Iguchi 2007) focus on conflicts among family members. The early symptoms of dementia are always vague (e.g., forgetfulness, character change). Therefore, family members may differ in regarding whether certain “troubles”(Emerson & Messinger1977)can be termed dementia symptoms; this will lead to conflicts among the family members. While considering the abovementioned studies, I examine how Ms. J and Ms.I define their mother, Ms. K, as being demented, despite the inconsistency in their early decisions. I emphasize the following two points. First, considering the accountability of family members regarding the “deviances” in the elderly, a family member’s perception of “deviance” in the behavior of an elderly person does not necessarily imply that the elderly person is demented, because there are many possible interpretations of such behavior besides dementia; the behavior could result from non-dementia illnesses or factors such as family discord. So family members attribute the elderly person’s “deviance” to dementia and disregard other possible causes for such behavior, only when the context of social interaction suggests it. Second, considering the importance of acknowledging social settings, the mere “deviances” noticed in behavior cannot be categorized as the symptoms of clinical disorders such as dementia. As suggested above, family members’ decisions regarding the symptoms of dementia should always be based on an elderly person’s pattern of everyday life and the context of any specific interaction. Therefore, they must consider the social settings that form the context of social interaction.