著者

中島 正夫 内山 哲史 足立 淳 内迫 博幸

出版者

日本臨床外科学会

雑誌

日本臨床外科学会雑誌 (ISSN:13452843)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.74, no.4, pp.994-997, 2013 (Released:2013-10-25)

参考文献数

14

被引用文献数

2

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症例は49歳,女性.直腸癌,多発肝肺転移に対して原発巣切除D3リンパ節郭清術施行後FOLFOXレジメンによる化学療法を開始した.治療効果としてはRESIST評価上PRであったが,19クール施行後に血小板減少により化学療法が継続不能となった.原因検索として各種検査施行し,オキサリプラチン関連脾腫による血小板減少と診断した.肝転移巣が切除可能となったこと,肺転移巣は制御されていること,以降も継続した化学療法が必要であることを考慮し,肝部分切除術,肝ラジオ波焼灼術,脾臓摘出術を施行した.術後血小板数は速やかに上昇を得て,化学療法を再開・継続することができた.オキサリプラチンは肝の類洞内皮細胞障害・閉塞を引き起こし門脈圧亢進,脾腫をきたす.血小板減少が化学療法継続の律速段階となる場合は,原因として脾腫を鑑別に挙げることが重要である.脾摘によって速やかに血小板数は増加し,化学療法を再開・継続できたことから有用な選択肢の一つとなり得ると考えた.

著者

Sho YOSHIMOTO Daiki KATO Satoshi KAMOTO Kie YAMAMOTO Masaya TSUBOI Masahiro SHINADA Namiko IKEDA Yuiko TANAKA Ryohei YOSHITAKE Shotaro ETO Kohei SAEKI James Kenn CHAMBERS Ryohei KINOSHITA Kazuyuki UCHIDA Ryohei NISHIMURA Takayuki NAKAGAWA

出版者

JAPANESE SOCIETY OF VETERINARY SCIENCE

雑誌

Journal of Veterinary Medical Science (ISSN:09167250)

巻号頁・発行日

pp.19-0019, (Released:2019-05-29)

被引用文献数

12

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Canine anal sac gland carcinoma (ASGC) frequently occurs in the apocrine glands of the canine anal sac and shows aggressive biological behavior. The expression of human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) has been reported in various human and canine tumors. HER2 is a promising therapeutic target of these tumors, and HER2-targeted drugs, such as trastuzumab and lapatinib, have improved the outcome of these patients. In this study, HER2 expression in ASGC was evaluated to investigate its potential as a therapeutic target for canine ASGC. HER2 mRNA expression in surgically resected ASGC tissues was significantly higher than that in normal anal sac tissue. To evaluate the expression of HER2 protein, paraffin-embedded ASGC tissues were immunohistochemically evaluated. Strong and broad staining of HER2 was detected in ASGC tissues, while HER2 was weakly to moderately stained in normal anal sac apocrine glands and squamous epithelia. The degree of HER2 expression in ASGC tissues was scored based on its intensity and positivity (score: 0–3+). Scoring of HER2 expression revealed 6 samples (24%) scored 3+, 14 (56%) scored 2+, and 5 (20%) scored 1+, with no samples scoring 0. In all, 80% of canine ASGC tissues were positive for HER2 (scored ≥2+). Furthermore, putative HER2-overexpressed cells in ASGC were detected with trastuzumab by flow cytometry. These preliminary data may lead to further evaluation of the role of HER2 in canine ASGC as a mechanism of malignancy and as a therapeutic target for HER2-targeted therapy.

著者

深谷 達史 戸部 栄子 立見 康彦

出版者

一般社団法人 日本教育心理学会

雑誌

教育心理学研究 (ISSN:00215015)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.65, no.3, pp.414-428, 2017 (Released:2018-02-21)

参考文献数

30

被引用文献数

3

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説明行為に関する知識である説明スキーマは, 説明的な文章の読解と表現に共通して働く知識である。例えば, 説明的な文章が主に「問い-説明-答え」の要素からなるという知識に基づき, 説明的文章の内容を整理して読んだり, 書いたりできると想定される。本研究では, 小学4年生の1学級を対象に, 説明スキーマに基づく方略使用を促し, 論理的な読み書き能力を育成することをねらいとする, 2つの説明的文章の単元の実践を行った。2つの実践では, 単元の前半に説明スキーマを明示的に教授し, 問いの文を同定した上で, 説明と問いへの答えをまとめるなど, 説明スキーマを活用して教科書の教材を読み取らせた。単元の後半では, 問い-説明-答えの要素に基づき, 授業時間外に読んだ関連図書の内容を説明する文章を作成した。また, 実践においては, ペアやグループで読んだことや書こうとしていることを説明, 質問しあう言語活動を行い, 内容の精緻化を図った。質問紙やテストによる調査結果から, 実践後には説明スキーマを活用する態度やスキルを表す得点が高くなったことが示された。今後, 他教科や探究的な学習においても説明スキーマに基づく指導を展開していくことが期待される。

著者

石井 雅治

出版者

一般社団法人 日本応用数理学会

雑誌

日本応用数理学会論文誌 (ISSN:24240982)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.17, no.1, pp.1-26, 2007-03-25 (Released:2017-04-08)

参考文献数

10

被引用文献数

1

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In this paper, we set some assumptions for properties of neurons and study global structure of neurovarieties in a function space of 3-layered neural-networks by using these properties. Firstly we determine structure of regular points in neurovarieties as a submanifold of the function space by particularly using one of the properties "differentially strong non-degeneracy". Next we show a distribution of all singular points in the neurovarieties and internal structure of the singular points. Furthermore we show by using one of the properties "approximate degeneracy" that neurovarieties have folded structure.(Theory)

著者

別府 哲

出版者

心理学評論刊行会

雑誌

心理学評論 (ISSN:03861058)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.40, no.1, pp.145-157, 1997 (Released:2019-04-23)

著者

高橋 哲 西原 舞

出版者

公益社団法人 日本心理学会

雑誌

心理学研究 (ISSN:00215236)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.88, no.5, pp.460-469, 2017 (Released:2017-12-25)

参考文献数

33

被引用文献数

1

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It is widely accepted that sex offenders frequently deny their offense or minimize their responsibility, and there is controversy regarding how this should be approached in psychological interventions. However, few studies have examined the relationship between denial/minimization and recidivism, and the results are inconsistent across the limited body of research. The purpose of this research was to estimate the prevalence of denial/minimization in sex offenders and examine its relationship with recidivism. We examined 1,484 sex offenders who had been convicted from July 2008 to June 2009 in Japan. The prevalence of both denial and minimization was 16.3% overall. In addition, the relationship between denial/minimization and recidivism was investigated for 753 convicts whose sentences had been suspended. Controlling for possible confounding variables, including empirically known risk factors, logistic regression revealed that denial/minimization did not significantly increase the possibility of both any and sexual recidivism during the 5-year follow-up period. Implications for psychological intervention and future research are discussed.

著者

濱田 藍 寅丸 敦志

出版者

特定非営利活動法人 日本火山学会

雑誌

日本火山学会講演予稿集 2014 (ISSN:24335320)

巻号頁・発行日

pp.163, 2014-11-02 (Released:2017-02-10)

著者

本多 正喜 城田 陽子 金子 鈴 高橋 滋

出版者

The Japanese Society of Health and Human Ecology

雑誌

民族衛生 (ISSN:03689395)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.61, no.2, pp.115-123, 1995 (Released:2011-02-25)

参考文献数

14

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We studied 388 cases who have consulted by telephone twice or more, and were selected from records kept at the Gunma Prefectural Mental Health Center since its opening (1986) until March 1993. For many cases, such series of consultations ended after no more than four calls, but 19 cases have lasted over several years or over a hundred calls. The most frequent type was related to mental illness of various sourts; the second most frequent concerned problems of children. Among the first type, many cases had visited psychiatric hospitals or clinics, increasing percentage wise as they passed the stages of their condition; first, anxiety overhaving fallen mentally ill; second, dissatisfaction or doubt about psychiatric treatment; third, anxiety over rehabilitation. Many cases felt completely at a loss over difficulties in finding solutions to their problems even after consulting with mental hospitals, clinics, or other counseling facilities. Cases continually used telephone for a sense of ease and/or familiarity with counselors of the Center. It was suggested that these continuing telephone consultations followed public relations that the Center's services were available without charge, and especially that they were so easily accessible by telephone.

著者

Takashi KURAMOTO Mayuko YOKOE Kayoko YAGASAKI Tatsuya KAWAGUCHI Kenta KUMAFUJI Tadao SERIKAWA

出版者

公益社団法人 日本実験動物学会

雑誌

Experimental Animals (ISSN:13411357)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.59, no.2, pp.147-155, 2010 (Released:2010-05-19)

参考文献数

33

被引用文献数

6 23

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To collect rat mutations and increase the value of the rat model system, we introduced fancy-derived mutations to the laboratory and carried out genetic analyses. Six fancy rats were shipped from a fancy rat colony in the USA and used as founders. After initial crosses with a laboratory strain, TM/Kyo or PVG/Seac, inbreeding started and 6 partially inbred lines, including 2 sublines, were produced as Kyoto Fancy Rat Stock (KFRS) strains. During inbreeding, we isolated 9 mutations: 5 coat colors, American mink (am), Black eye (Be), grey (g), Pearl (Pel), siamese (sia); 1 coat pattern, head spot (hs); 2 coat textures, Rex (Re), satin (sat); and an ear pinnae malformation, dumbo (dmbo). Genetic analyses mapped 7 mutations to particular regions of the rat chromosomes (Chr): am to Chr 1, sia to Chr 1, sat to Chr 3, Re to Chr 7, g to Chr 8, dmbo to Chr 14, and hs to Chr 15. Candidate gene analysis revealed that a missense mutation in the tyrosinase gene, Ser79Pro, was responsible for sia. From mutant phenotypes and mapping positions, it is likely that all mutations isolated in this study were unique to the fancy rat. These findings suggest that fancy rat colonies are a good source for collecting rat mutations. The fancy-derived mutations, made available to biomedical research in the current study, will increase the scientific value of laboratory rats.

著者

長谷川 雄太 青木 尊之 小林 宏充 白﨑 啓太

出版者

一般社団法人 日本機械学会

雑誌

日本機械学会論文集 (ISSN:21879761)

巻号頁・発行日

pp.18-00441, (Released:2019-02-07)

参考文献数

18

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We implement and perform large-scale LES analysis for running groups of cyclists. The mesh-refined lattice Boltzmann method (LBM) and coherent-structure Smagorinsky model (CSM) are adopted for the simulations to achieve a high performance computing on the recent GPU supercomputer. In the simulation with 16 cyclists, the mesh spacing around cyclists is 4 mm, and the total number of the mesh is up to 8.1×108 and the number of GPUs utilized is up to 64. Each calculation took 4 or 5 days for the 8~11 seconds of physical duration. The flow around 16 cyclists in various arrangement is calculated, and the results show that the in-line arrangement is more effective than the rhomboid arrangement in the viewpoint of the total aerodynamic drag of the group; however, a specific person in rhomboid arrangement can obtain larger drag reduction and save the endurance. Results on two groups also suggest that the frontal group in rhomboid arrangement will be exploited as the wind protection of the backward groups.

著者

Atsushi Ishihara Kana Ando Anna Yoshioka Koichi Murata Yu Kokubo Noriko Morimoto Naoki Ube Yukinori Yabuta Makoto Ueno Shin-ichi Tebayashi Kotomi Ueno Kumiko Osaki-Oka

出版者

Pesticide Science Society of Japan

雑誌

Journal of Pesticide Science (ISSN:1348589X)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.44, no.2, pp.89-96, 2019-05-20 (Released:2019-05-20)

参考文献数

36

被引用文献数

10

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We investigated the effect of treatment with hot water extracts from the spent mushroom substrates (SMSs) of Lentinula edodes and Hypsizygus marmoreus on the resistance of rice leaves to Pyricularia oryzae infection. The spraying of the SMS extracts clearly suppressed the development of lesions caused by Py. oryzae infection. The accumulation of phytoalexins momilactones A and B, oryzalexin A, and sakuranetin was markedly induced by the spraying of extracts. The enhanced expression of defense related genes PR1b and PBZ was also found in leaves sprayed with the extracts. Treatments with the extracts also affected phytohormone levels. The levels of N6-(Δ2-isopentenyl)adenine and trans-zeatin markedly increased in response to treatment, whereas the levels of salicylic and jasmonic acids were largely unchanged.

著者

和田 正義 井上 雄介 平間 貴大

出版者

一般社団法人 日本ロボット学会

雑誌

日本ロボット学会誌 (ISSN:02891824)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.31, no.6, pp.591-598, 2013 (Released:2013-08-15)

参考文献数

14

被引用文献数

1 1

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This paper presents a new wheel mechanism for the active-caster drive system. The active-caster provides omnidirectional mobility with no using free rolling mechanism. The original active-caster equips with an absolute encoder to detect a wheel orientation and two motors for driving wheel and steering axis independently. A computer system needs to detect an absolute wheel orientation and coordinate velocity components for wheel and steering drive to provide wheel motion in an arbitrary direction. To simplify the wheel control system, a new active-caster mechanism is proposed. A proposed active-caster system includes a ball transmission to distribute a traction velocity to wheel and steering axis mechanically without using an angle sensor or coordinated motor control. In this paper, kinematics of the proposed wheel mechanism is analyzed and mechanical condition for realizing the caster motion is derived. A kinematic model of the proposed active-caster mechanism with a ball transmission is analyzed and a mechanical condition for realizing caster motion is derived. Based on the kinematic model and the mechanical condition, computer simulations of the mechanism are performed. In the simulations, the active-caster shows successful caster motions with no sensor or computer system.

著者

安里 龍二 長谷川 英男 池城 毅

出版者

Japanese Society of Tropical Medicine

雑誌

Japanese Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene (ISSN:03042146)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.12, no.4, pp.239-246, 1984-12-15 (Released:2011-05-20)

参考文献数

24

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沖縄県に収容されたベトナム難民662名について消化管寄生蠕虫類の調査を行い, 444名 (67.1%) に寄生を認めた。回虫が最も高率 (56.3%) で, 次いで鞭虫 (21.8%), 鉤虫 (18.4%), 糞線虫 (2.3%) の順であり, 他に小形条虫 (3名), 無鉤条虫, 肥大吸虫, 肝吸虫 (各1名) がみられた。年齢別ではほとんどの年齢層で50%以上の高い保有率を示し, 性別では男子の保有率が高かった。これら蠕虫類の寄生状況はベトナム国内での都市部のものに類似していた。消化管寄生原虫類の調査は274名について行い, 50名 (18.2%) に原虫嚢子を認めた!内訳はランブル鞭毛虫 (3.6%), 大腸アメーバ (4.7%), 小形アメーバ (11.3%) で, 赤痢アメーバは検出されなかつた。住血性寄生虫の検査は311名について行ったが, マラリア原虫, ミクロフィラリアは証明されなかった。ベトナム難民の寄生虫が難民自身並びに収容施設周辺の住民に与える影響, 及び対策等について論じた。

著者

松原 仁

出版者

一般社団法人 人工知能学会

雑誌

人工知能学会全国大会論文集 第28回全国大会(2014)

巻号頁・発行日

pp.1C2OS14a1, 2014 (Released:2018-07-30)

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「きまぐれ人工知能 作家ですのよ」のプロジェクトでは星新一らしいショートショートをコンピュータに自動生成させることを目指している。。扱っているテーマ、出てくる単語、文体、落ちのパターンなどさまざまな要素が星新一らしさに関係していると考えられる。本稿ではショートショートが星新一らしいというのはどういうことか、いくつかの観点から考察する。

著者

新城 明久

出版者

公益社団法人 日本畜産学会

雑誌

日本畜産学会報 (ISSN:1346907X)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.47, no.7, pp.423-429, 1976-07-25 (Released:2008-03-10)

参考文献数

9

被引用文献数

1

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宮古群島に飼養されている馬を年齢と改良の程度により,在来種,小型,中型および大型に分け体尺測定を行うとともに毛色および改良の経過を調査した.1) 体各部位は改良に伴いいずれの部位も著しく増大し,在来馬と大型馬の差は雌雄それぞれ体高は25,24cm,体長は19,20cm,胸囲は26,27cmであり,腰角幅は11,9cmであった.2) 体格は胴長で,頭が大きく,前躯が充実し,後躯の貧弱な在来馬から後躯の充実した大型馬へと変化した.3) 毛色は栗毛55%,鹿毛33%,青毛6%で粕毛,河原毛,月毛は少なかった.4) 昭和3年から50年までに外部から移入された種雄馬は合計48頭,そのなかで楽霧号,松風号,初輝号および賛宝号,いずれも宮崎県産の種雄馬が宮古馬の改良に大きく寄与した.5) 移入種雄馬の産地は宮崎県が24頭と最も多く,毛色は栗毛23頭,鹿毛21頭と多かった.品種はアングロアラブ系雑種とアングロノルマン系雑種の中半血種がほとんどで,ブルトン種は少なかった.6) 第二次世界大戦後,宮古島で生産された種雄馬は45頭であった.そのうち楽霧号の系統が父方と母方合せて28頭となっていた.さらに体型の変化と農耕の様式との関連について考察した.

著者

大道寺 隆也

出版者

日本EU学会

雑誌

日本EU学会年報 (ISSN:18843123)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.2017, no.37, pp.134-153, 2017-05-25 (Released:2019-05-25)

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This paper analyses the formation process of the Common European Asylum System (CEAS), with particular focus on the interaction between international organizations (IOs), namely, inter-organizational relations. It attempts to answer why and how the fundamental rights protection under the Dublin system has been improved. Section 1 exhibits the background of the research. The Dublin system, which allocates the responsibility to examine an application for international protection lodged in an EU member state, has been criticized for the insufficient protection of asylum-seekers’ fundamental rights in particular member states. Although this problem emerged through interrelations vis-à-vis external actors other than EU institutions nor member states, such interaction has been largely ignored. As a corollary, the existing explanations for the formation of the CEAS have not paid due attention to the intersection of multiple actors as well as the outcome thereof. Against this background, Section 2 briefly reviews the existing literature with regard to the CEAS formation. It begins by criticizing the traditional debate between the member-state-governments-centric approach and the supranational-organizations-centric one. They are, so to speak, inward-looking thus cannot duly consider the interaction with external actors nor the information inflow from outside. Then the paper examines the external governance approach, thereby theoretically justifies focusing on inter-organizational relations. Particularly, this paper highlights the mode that can be called contestation between IOs, such as reference, criticism and indirect review. Drawing on that framework, Section 3 traces how the legislation process of Dublin III regulation was influenced by criticism and indirect review by other IOs, specifically the Council of Europe (CoE) and the UN High Commissioner for Refugees (UNHCR). These organizations criticize some member states, specifically Greece, for the inadequate reception conditions, based on the information they gain on the ground. Although these criticisms themselves are not legally-binding, they gradually gained legal relevance by being referred to by the European Court of Human Rights, as well as the Court of Justice of the EU. Consequently, the recast regulation substantively reflected the criticisms raised by other IOs. After describing the development, this paper mentions twofold theoretical implications. First, it restates the contributions to the literature reviewed above. Second, it suggests connecting the viewpoint of inter-organizational relations with the literature on global constitutionalism and global democracy. In the end, Section 4 summarizes the overall argument, and shows some remaining agenda.

著者

Keisuke MORI Tomonori SATO

出版者

Meteorological Society of Japan

雑誌

気象集誌. 第2輯 (ISSN:00261165)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.92, no.4, pp.327-346, 2014 (Released:2014-09-26)

参考文献数

39

被引用文献数

3 9

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This study investigated the spatiotemporal characteristics of high-temperature events in Hokkaido, Japan, using observational data of 26 years. Statistical analyses revealed that the annual mean frequency of these events was lower (higher) at stations on the western (eastern) side of Hokkaido. The frequency of these events showed clear seasonal variation with two distinct peaks occurring in January and May. In addition, the local time of the high-temperature onset was strongly dependent on the season; the onset occurred more frequently from 1600 to 0400 Japan Standard Time (JST) in January and from 0700 to 1300 JST in May. The seasonal dependence mechanism of the high-temperature onset was investigated in eastern Hokkaido, where the frequencies of both January and May high-temperature events were the highest. In January, an extratropical cyclone passage caused intensified warm advection and increased precipitable water vapor, leading to weakened radiative cooling during the night. In May, the high-temperature events were triggered by two different mechanisms related to solar insolation. The first mechanism is explained by dynamic foehn, which forms the subsidence of the high potential temperature layer on the lee of mountains. However, the nocturnal inversion layer prevented vertical mixing of the foehn-induced warm air aloft and cold air near the ground. The surface air temperature dramatically increased after sunrise when the nocturnal inversion layer disappeared. The second mechanism is explained by the combination of airflow diabatically heated by surface sensible heat flux and dynamic foehn. Therefore, solar insolation is the key factor that controlled the diurnal variation in high-temperature events in May.

著者

渡部 雅之 高松 みどり

出版者

一般社団法人 日本発達心理学会

雑誌

発達心理学研究 (ISSN:09159029)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.25, no.2, pp.111-120, 2014 (Released:2016-06-20)

参考文献数

45

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空間的視点取得は,他視点への仮想的な自己身体の移動と,それ以外に必要とされる認知的情報処理の2つの過程から構成される。多くの先行研究では,これらの過程を適切に分離できておらず,使用された実験課題によって互いに矛盾する結果が得られることも多かった。特に,空間的視点取得の本質と目される仮想的身体移動がどのように発達するのかについては,今日でも十分には解明されていない。本研究では,両過程を分離して捉えるために,反応時間と視点の移動距離との間に成立する一次関数関係を利用した手法を考案した。さらに,子ども達にも容易に理解できるように,この手法を組み込んだビデオゲーム形式の課題を作成した。3–4歳群,5歳群,6歳群,13歳群,21歳群の各群20名ずつ,合計100名が課題を行った。仮想的身体移動過程もしくはそれ以外の認知的情報処理過程のみを意味する各1種類の指標と,両過程を含む従来型の反応時間と正答数との,合計4種類の指標が分析に用いられた。その結果,仮想的身体移動に関わる能力が思春期以降に発達すること,それ以外の認知的情報処理に関わる能力は児童期後期から思春期頃に大きく伸張することが示された。これらを踏まえて,仮想的身体移動の発達研究の重要性を,身体性や実行機能の観点から考察した。

著者

神谷 健一 田中 省作 北尾 謙治

出版者

一般社団法人 言語処理学会

雑誌

自然言語処理 (ISSN:13407619)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.16, no.2, pp.2_45-2_58, 2009 (Released:2011-09-01)

参考文献数

13

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本稿ではデータベース・ソフトウェアの1つである FileMaker Pro による,英語学習教材の自動作成における言語処理技術と教材作成の連携可能性を提案する.著者は,実際の英語の授業でも利用しやすいプリント教材や簡易 E-learning 教材を出力できるツールを開発し,無料公開している.これらのツールでは GUI 環境での操作が可能であるため,パソコン利用スキルが限られる一般の英語教員にも利用しやすく,任意の英文素材から Phrase Reading を軸とした精読教材および Cloze テストを利用した学習教材を短時間で作成することができる.

著者

廣谷 真 佐々木 秀直

出版者

一般社団法人 日本内科学会

雑誌

日本内科学会雑誌 (ISSN:00215384)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.102, no.8, pp.1986-1993, 2013-08-10 (Released:2014-08-10)

参考文献数

8

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ミオパチーは非常に多くの疾患を含んだ筋疾患の総称である.炎症性筋疾患では多発筋炎と皮膚筋炎が大半を占めるが,封入体筋炎との鑑別も重要である.多くが日常生活に支障を来すため,日常生活動作を意識した病歴聴取を行い,身体診察と併せて迅速に診断・治療を行う必要がある.治療の中心はステロイドであるが免疫抑制薬や免疫グロブリン大量静注療法も有効とされており,早期に正確な診断と適切な治療を行うことが重要である.