著者

ギュヴェン デヴリム C

出版者

東京大学大学院総合文化研究科言語情報科学専攻

雑誌

言語情報科学 (ISSN:13478931)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.6, pp.101-116, 2008-03-01

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1994 Nobel laureate Kenzaburo Oe's short novel Kakoseikatsusha (1960) (Falling Man) portrays at first a deliberate, then an unavoidable, "fall" of a prestigious assistant professor at a government university in Tokyo. Betraying his rural origins including his family members, as a result of a rapid and successful ascent, he experiences an identity crisis which forces him to suspend this ascent. Such a "fall" accompanied by a homo-social solidarity and collision which constitutes the main theme of this novel reflects remarkably contemporary socio-political developments of the era which the novelist was a part of. As is the case of Oe's other works, the theme of sexuality is used as a metaphor for socio-political and international power relations ; with a difference though in this short novel, being the adoption of the theme of homo-social, solidarity and rivalry between men throughout the struggle for power in a hierarchical social and/or international system.

著者

市野 順子

出版者

香川大学

雑誌

基盤研究(C)

巻号頁・発行日

2012-04-01

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身体的インタラクションが,人がデジタル環境とインタラクションする際の身体・心理・認知・感情を統合する分野として注目されている.本研究では,Vusik-ユーザーが全身を使ってお絵描きしながら音楽を編集・作曲するアプリケーション-を開発した.Vusikは,子どもの創造的な体験を促進することを目的としている.アプリケーションは,ユーザーがパレットと筆や指を使ってキャンバスに見立てた大型ディスプレイに絵を描く行為を通して,音楽パラメータを変えることによってユーザーの動きに反応する.従来手法との比較評価実験より,Vuzikがユーザーの全体的なイメージの構成を促進し,学習容易性を向上させることを確認した.

著者

野中 俊介 境 泉洋

出版者

The Japanese Psychological Association

雑誌

心理学研究 (ISSN:00215236)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.85, no.3, pp.313-318, 2014

被引用文献数

18

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The purpose of the present study was to examine the effect of hikikomori, a Japanese term denoting "prolonged social withdrawal", on quality of life (QOL). Individuals with hikikomori at present (<i>n</i> = 26) and in the past (<i>n</i> = 31), as well as mildly depressed individuals without hikikomori (<i>n</i> = 114) and highly depressed individuals without hikikomori (<i>n</i> = 27) were requested to complete the WHO Quality of Life 26 (QOL26).The results of MANOVA indicated that the present hikikomori group's scores on the social relationships domains of the QOL26 were significantly lower than the scores of the highly depressed group.The results of this study suggest that it might be important to intervene to improve QOL in individuals with hikikomori.

著者

伊藤 大幸 松本 かおり 髙柳 伸哉 原田 新 大嶽 さと子 望月 直人 中島 俊思 野田 航 田中 善大 辻井 正次

出版者

The Japanese Psychological Association

雑誌

心理学研究 (ISSN:00215236)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.85, no.3, pp.304-312, 2014

被引用文献数

13

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We examined the psychometric properties of the Japanese version of the Autism Spectrum Screening Questionnaire (ASSQ) and developed a short-form. This study included 157 children with autism spectrum disorders (ASD, ages 7–18, 128 boys) and 4,101 healthy controls (ages 7–15, 3,344 boys) from a general population with a controlled male-female ratio. Four factors (Unusual Interests, Sociality, Peer Relations, and Repetitive Behaviors) were extracted by exploratory factor analysis of control group data. Confirmatory factor analysis revealed that the 4-factor model fit well with data for another sample of the control and ASD groups. Logistic analysis showed that the former 3 factors could significantly predict ASD diagnosis. Thus, a short form of the ASSQ was developed, consisting of 11 items for these 3 factors. This short form showed sufficient internal consistency and high discrimination power for ASD diagnosis that was comparable to that of the 22-item version. Receiver operating characteristic analysis indicated an optimal cut-off of 7 for the 22-item version (sensitivity .949, specificity .801) and 5 for the short-form (sensitivity .936, specificity .818).

著者

下田 俊介 大久保 暢俊 小林 麻衣 佐藤 重隆 北村 英哉

出版者

The Japanese Psychological Association

雑誌

心理学研究 (ISSN:00215236)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.85, no.3, pp.294-303, 2014

被引用文献数

7

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The Implicit Positive and Negative Affect Test (IPANAT) is an instrument for the indirect assessment of positive and negative affect. A Japanese version of the IPANAT was developed and its reliability and validity were examined. In Study 1, factor analysis identified two independent factors that could be interpreted as implicit positive and negative affect, which corresponded to the original version. The Japanese IPANAT also had sufficient internal consistency and acceptable test–retest reliability. In Study 2, we demonstrated that the Japanese IPANAT was associated with explicit state affect (e.g., PANAS), extraversion, and neuroticism, which indicated its adequate construct validity. In Study 3, we examined the extent to which the Japanese IPANAT was sensitive to changes in affect by assessing a set of IPANAT items after the presentation of positive, negative, or neutral photographs. The results indicated that the Japanese IPANAT was sufficiently sensitive to changes in affect resulting from affective stimuli. Taken together, these studies suggest that the Japanese version of the IPANAT is a useful instrument for the indirect assessment of positive and negative affect.

著者

榊原 雅人 寺本 安隆 谷 伊織

出版者

公益社団法人 日本心理学会

雑誌

心理学研究 (ISSN:00215236)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.85, no.3, pp.284-293, 2014

被引用文献数

9

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The present study aimed to develop a short-form self-report measure to assess relaxation effects (S-MARE). Participants (<i>N</i> = 190) responded to a questionnaire comprised of 45 items assessing relaxation and non-relaxation based on the Relaxation Inventory (Crist et al., 1989). Exploratory factor analysis identified three factors: physiological tension, psychological relaxation, and anxiety. Each factor was related to 5 items and each had an acceptable Cronbach's coefficient (α = .93, .94, and .85). S-MARE scores pre- and post- relaxation instruction were significantly correlated with the Emotional Relaxation Scale (Tokuda, 2011) (<i>r</i> = .446) and with State Anxiety (<i>r</i> = –.531) (<i>N</i> = 172). There was a significant correlation between the amplitude of the high frequency component of heart rate variability during relaxation instruction and physiological tension scores on the S-MARE (<i>r</i> = .456—.474, <i>N</i> = 24). These results confirmed the reliability and validity of the S-MARE in terms of physiological correlation with cardiac parasympathetic tone, suggesting that the S-MARE is a valid measure of relaxation effects.

著者

竹谷 隆司 河西 哲子

出版者

公益社団法人 日本心理学会

雑誌

心理学研究 (ISSN:00215236)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.85, no.3, pp.276-283, 2014

被引用文献数

2

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It has been suggested that uniform connectedness is the most fundamental factor in forming units of attentional selection, while there are evidences that attention can select a perceptual group that consists of separate elements with similar features. The present study examined the effects of connectedness and a boundary-feature similarity on early spatial-selection processes using a sustained-focal-attention paradigm of event-related potentials (ERPs). Bilateral stimuli were manipulated to have an orthogonal combination of connectedness (C–, C+) and a similarity in boundary feature (S–, S+). ERPs were recorded from 15 participants who were instructed to pay attention to the left or the right visual field and to respond to a target shape that appeared infrequently in the attended field. The ERP attention effect in the N1 latency range (125–185 ms) was decreased for stimuli with connectedness and/or boundary-feature similarity, and the effects of the two grouping factors were independent of each other. The present result suggests that multiple grouping factors, including connectedness, operate in parallel in early processes of object-based attention-spreading.

著者

外山 美樹

出版者

公益社団法人 日本心理学会

雑誌

心理学研究 (ISSN:00215236)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.85, no.3, pp.257-265, 2014

被引用文献数

3

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Prior research has reported that dispositional optimists tend to take approach-type coping strategies in response to health threats, and as a result, experience positive health benefits. This study investigated whether dispositional optimism or pessimism interacted with the importance that a participant assigned to stressful events to predict their coping behavior. College students (<i>N</i> = 178) participated in the study. The results indicated that the importance participants assigned to stressful events moderated the relationship between dispositional optimism and positive interpretations, as well as the relationship between dispositional pessimism and positive interpretations, abandonment, and avoiding of responsibility. It was concluded that optimistic individuals used positive interpretations for highly important events but not for less- important events. Moreover, less pessimistic individuals also used positive interpretations for highly significant events, and did not use abandonment or avoidance of responsibility; there was no such relationship with less- important events. These findings suggest that individuals high in optimism and low in pessimism are flexible, which plays a valuable role in their self-regulatory behavior.

著者

奥村 優子 鹿子木 康弘 竹内 祥惠 板倉 昭二

出版者

公益社団法人 日本心理学会

雑誌

心理学研究 (ISSN:00215236)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.85, no.3, pp.248-256, 2014

被引用文献数

3

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Recent research demonstrates that social preferences for native language speakers emerge early in development, indicating that infants prefer speakers from their own society. Dialect may also be a reliable cue to group membership because it provides information about an individual's social and ethnic identity. We investigated whether infants showed social preferences toward native-dialect speakers over those with unfamiliar dialects. Infants at 9 and 12 months of age were shown videos in which two adults (a native-dialect speaker and an unfamiliar-dialect speaker) each spoke to and then offered an identical toy to the participating infants. Next, two real versions of the toys were presented to the infants in person. The 12-month-old infants preferentially reached for the toy offered by the native-dialect speaker. The 9-month-old infants also showed a preference for native-dialect speakers but this finding was not statistically significant. Our results suggest that dialects may be a reliable cue to group membership, and that infants' orientation toward members of their native community may guide their social and cultural learning.

著者

松田 憲 楠見 孝 細見 直宏 長 篤志 三池 秀敏

出版者

公益社団法人 日本心理学会

雑誌

心理学研究 (ISSN:00215236)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.85, no.3, pp.240-247, 2014

被引用文献数

1

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This study examined the influence of familiarity and novelty on the mere exposure effect while manipulating the presentation of background information. We selected presentation stimuli that integrated cars and backgrounds based on the results of pilot studies. During the exposure phase, we displayed the stimuli successively for 3 seconds, manipulating the background information (same or different backgrounds with each presentation) and exposure frequency (3, 6, and 9 times). In the judgment phase, 18 participants judged the cars in terms of preference, familiarity, and novelty on a 7-point scale. As the number of stimulus presentations increased, the preference for the cars increased during the different background condition and decreased during the same background condition. This increased preference may be due to the increase in familiarity caused by the higher exposure frequency and novelty resulting from the background changes per exposure session. The rise in preference judgments was not seen when cars and backgrounds were presented independently. Therefore, the addition of novel features to each exposure session facilitated the mere exposure effect.

著者

大濱 知佳 小野 史典

出版者

公益社団法人 日本心理学会

雑誌

心理学研究 (ISSN:00215236)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.85, no.3, pp.233-239, 2014

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A large number of studies have demonstrated the sequential effect, in which the response in the current trial is assimilated towards that of the immediately preceding trial in a decision making task. However, most previous studies have only examined the effect in situations where the response was given after each stimulus presentation. In this study, we examined whether the sequential effect existed when observers responded after the presentation of two stimuli. After two pictures of male faces were presented successively, participants rated the attractiveness of each face on a 9-point scale. The results showed that the second response was assimilated towards the first (Experiment 1), but the first response contrasted with (shifted away from) the second (Experiment 2). These findings suggest that preceding and succeeding contexts may differentially modulate our decision making.

著者

堀内 明子 島崎 崇史 竹中 晃二

出版者

一般社団法人 日本健康心理学会

雑誌

健康心理学研究 (ISSN:09173323)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.27, no.1, pp.63-76, 2014

被引用文献数

1

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Little is known about how children's physical activities are related to their cognitive performance and academic achievement. Therefore, we reviewed research investigating the effects of physical activity levels of children on cognitive performance and academic achievement and identified research trends. We searched electronic databases for literature published between 2000 and 2011 using the following key words: "children," "physical activity," "academic," "school," and "intervention". As a result, 10 studies were identified. Seven of these studies recognized improvements in children's cognitive performance and academic achievement. Moreover, it is suggested that schools are optimum places for conducting physical activity programs for children.

著者

尼崎 光洋 煙山 千尋 森 和代

出版者

一般社団法人 日本健康心理学会

雑誌

健康心理学研究 (ISSN:09173323)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.27, no.1, pp.53-62, 2014

被引用文献数

4

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This study examined the applicability of the health action process approach (HAPA) for determining the prevalence of physical exercise among Japanese workers (<i>N</i>=2,200; 1,100 men and 1,100 women; Mean age=39.89 years, <i>SD</i>=10.44), who participated in the study. They completed a packet of questionnaires that included an assessment of socio-demographic variables, such as gender and age, a modified physical exercise index, and an assessment of socio-cognitive variables, such as risk perception, outcome expectancies, self-efficacy, behavioral intention, and planning. Structural equation modeling using the maximum likelihood estimation method was employed to examine the HAPA. Results indicated satisfactory fit indices (GFI=.997, AGFI=.989, CFI=.997, RMSEA=.031). Moreover, results confirmed the applicability of HAPA, which explained 34% of the variance in physical exercise among Japanese workers. Each path between observed variables in the HAPA model had a significantly positive influence on the corresponding variable, with the exception of the path from negative outcome expectancy to behavioral intention, which had a significantly negative effect. It is concluded that the HAPA is a useful framework for identifying the determinants of physical exercise prevalence among Japanese workers.

著者

本吉 大介 細野 広美

出版者

一般社団法人 日本健康心理学会

雑誌

健康心理学研究 (ISSN:09173323)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.27, no.1, pp.45-52, 2014

被引用文献数

1

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Cognitive appraisal of interpersonal stress in childcare workers was investigated from the perspective of interpersonal stress situations and social skills. Participants were kindergarten teachers (<i>n</i>=57) and nursery teachers (<i>n</i>=91). They responded to the Stress Cognitive Appraisal Scale and Kikuchi's Scale of Social Skills. Results indicated that dealings with parents and children were considered important sources of interpersonal stress, whereas dealings with superiors at the workplace were considered more difficult to control. The results of correlation analysis between social skills and cognitive appraisal of controlling interpersonal stress situations indicated that the two were positively correlated. These results indicate that childcare workers are positively involved in dealing with children and parents. Moreover, they have difficulties in controlling interpersonal stress with their superiors and colleagues. Positive correlations were found between the sense of controlling interpersonal stress situations and social skills. Therefore, it is suggested that improving social skills might enhance cognitive appraisal of controlling interpersonal stress.

著者

大平 雅子 須栗 一路 野村 収作

出版者

公益社団法人 日本生体医工学会

雑誌

生体医工学 (ISSN:1347443X)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.49, no.6, pp.798-804, 2011-12-10 (Released:2012-04-10)

参考文献数

32

被引用文献数

1

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(OBJECTIVE) The change in the secretion of stress-related bio-chemical substances, which are cortisol, immunoglobulin A (sIgA), and alpha-amylase, while asleep was regarded. As for the sample collection, we developed and proposed a saliva collection technique as a non-invasive and non-disturbing manner of sample collection while asleep, whereas the blood collection should impose greater psycho-physiological stresses to subjects. (METHOD) Subjects, 10 male university students, were instructed to take a 6-hour of sleep from 0:00 of the midnight to 6:00 in the morning at the environmental controlled room, where electrocardiogram (ECG) and blood pressure (BP) were measured, and saliva collection was made continuously in the time series. (RESULT) Salivary sIgA and alpha-amylase concentration obtained by saliva samples depicted a similar profile in the time series, i. e. gradually increase while subjects were asleep, and dropped to the initial level right after awakening. Meanwhile cortisol remained the same level while asleep and got started to increase right after awakening and reached at a peak around 40 minutes later. (CONCLUSION) We developed and proposed our own saliva collection technique for the purpose of non-invasive sample collection while asleep. As a developing result, the distinctive difference in the secretion of stress-related substances was illustrated;which might be derived from the difference in the stress-reaction pathways in our body.

著者

杉浦 康則

出版者

北海道大学ドイツ語学・文学研究会

雑誌

独語独文学研究年報 (ISSN:13480413)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.34, pp.1-18, 2008-03

著者

橡谷 真由 浅原(佐藤) 哲子 姫野 亜紀裕

出版者

高尿酸血症・メタボリックシンドロームリサーチフォーラム

雑誌

メタボリックシンドローム (ISSN:13497286)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.7, no.1, pp.46-49, 2010

著者

池内 孝啓

出版者

一般社団法人情報処理学会

雑誌

情報処理 (ISSN:04478053)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.55, no.9, pp.958-963, 2014-08-15

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ビッグデータを活用したマーケティングが普及しつつある今,マーケティング施策の効果測定を行う手法もまた,ビッグデータの3V(3V=Volume/Variety/Velocity)に対応する必要が生じている.多様な大量データを用い,高い頻度かつ柔軟な軸でKPIのモニタリングを行うために,ダッシュボードがどのように進化してきたか,ビッグデータを取り巻く環境とダッシュボートという軸で解説する.

著者

當仲 寛哲

出版者

一般社団法人情報処理学会

雑誌

情報処理 (ISSN:04478053)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.55, no.9, pp.982-988, 2014-08-15

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ビッグデータ処理といえば,Hadoopを用いた分散ファイルシステムや分散処理が頭に浮かぶが,一方で,UNIX系OS(Linux,FreeBSD等)の基本機能であるシェルスクリプトを用いてテキストデータを処理し,コンピュータの性能を最大限に活かすプログラミング手法にも注目が集まっている.本稿はシェルスクリプトをベースにしたビッグデータ処理の事例として「ユニケージ開発手法」やシェルスクリプトによる並列処理,シェルスクリプトで動作する統計コマンド群などについて紹介する.