著者

吉永 明弘

出版者

地域生活学研究会

雑誌

地域生活学研究 (ISSN:21869022)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.07, pp.77-83, 2016 (Released:2018-05-01)

参考文献数

21

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本論文では、環境倫理学のさまざまな議論を用いて、太陽光発電施設の問題を読み解くことを試みた。特に、太陽光発電施設の批判側の議論の中にある、〈環境にやさしい技術が環境を壊している〉という矛盾に対する憤りや、地域エゴ・NIMBYと言われかねない言説を取りあげ、紛争解決を考えた場合にそれらの意見をどう捉えたらよいかを考察した。そのうえで、太陽光発電施設を設置する際に考慮すべき点として、(1)太陽光発電施設が人間の利便性のための施設である点を自覚して、設置方法や設置場所、利益配分などを考慮すべきこと、(2)合意形成のためには、地域の声を圧殺してはならないことを提言した。

著者

Yasuhiro Kato Yuichi Tada

出版者

Japanese Society for Plant Biotechnology

雑誌

Plant Biotechnology (ISSN:13424580)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.38, no.4, pp.443-448, 2021-12-25 (Released:2021-12-25)

参考文献数

24

被引用文献数

4

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To prepare various root active promoters for expressing transgenes and prevent gene silencing caused by the repeated use of the same promoter, the expression characteristics of various root active promoters were comparatively evaluated using GUS as a reporter gene. The high-affinity potassium transporter (HKT1;1), the Shaker family potassium ion channel (SKOR), the Shaker family inward rectifying potassium channel (AKT1), the major facilitator superfamily protein (MFS1), and the senescence associated gene 14 (SAG14) promoter from Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) were used, and for comparison, four additional constitutive or green tissue specific promoters in the expression vectors were also employed. As the Gateway cloning technology provided by Invitrogen can offer high efficiency and cloning reliability, and easy manipulation of fusion constructs in vitro, our expression vectors are based on binary (destination) vectors compatible with this cloning technique. These destination vectors are also advantageous for stable expression of the transgene, as the heat shock protein terminator is utilized. The AtHKT1;1, SKOR, AKT1, MFS1 and SAG14 promoters were all active in roots but showed slightly different tissue specificities: AtHKT1;1, SKOR, and MFS1 were dominantly active in vascular bundle tissue, while AtHKT1;1 and MFS1— but not SKOR, AKT1, and SAG14—were active in root tips. SKOR showed the strongest root-specificity, and SAG14 showed the highest activity among the five root active promoters. The activity of MFS was developmentally regulated. These destination vectors are now available to express multiple transgenes in transgenic plants, especially in roots.

著者

Atrayee Sarkar Indhumathi Srinivasan Subhankar Roy-Barman

出版者

Japanese Society for Plant Biotechnology

雑誌

Plant Biotechnology (ISSN:13424580)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.38, no.4, pp.433-441, 2021-12-25 (Released:2021-12-25)

参考文献数

51

被引用文献数

2

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Rice is an important staple crop and fungal blast disease destroys about 10–30% of its global produce, annually. Although genetic manipulation has largely been employed in crop-improvement programmes and agricultural biotechnology, the ease of transformation of several recalcitrant indica cultivars continues to be a challenge. HR-12 and CO-39 are two indica cultivars that are commonly used in breeding programmes, but are susceptible to biotic threats like fungal blast and sheath blight disease. Here in this study, we have optimised a rapid and reproducible transformation protocol for the said cultivars, having compared both the tissue-culture and in-planta methods of transformation. Murashige & Skoog basal media supplemented with maltose and 2.5 mg l−1 2,4-D induced efficient callogenesis in HR-12, while maltose with 3 mg l−1 2,4-D gave optimum results in case of CO-39. The media containing 0.5 mg l−1 NAA, 3 mg l−1 BAP, and 1 mg l−1 kinetin yielded a maximum regeneration efficiency of 62% and 65% in HR-12 and CO-39, respectively. The studies with Agrobacterium tumefaciens, LBA4404 strain harbouring pCAMBIA1303 suggested that although these cultivars demonstrated successful gene-transfer, they failed to regenerate efficiently, post-transformation. Alternatively, our modified in-planta piercing and vacuum infiltration-based protocol resulted in 33–35% transformation efficiency in less than half the time required for tissue-culture based transformation method. As per our knowledge, it is among the highest obtained from existing piercing-based direct transformation protocols in rice, and can also be implemented in genetically manipulating other recalcitrant varieties of rice.

著者

横尾 隆 久保 仁 石川 匡洋 加藤 尚彦 木村 弘章 大井 景子 我那覇 文清 川口 良人 細谷 龍男

出版者

The Japanese Society for Dialysis Therapy

雑誌

日本透析医学会雑誌 (ISSN:13403451)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.33, no.7, pp.1115-1119, 2000-07-28 (Released:2010-03-16)

参考文献数

15

被引用文献数

3 3

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症例は54歳男性, 肝硬変を合併する維持透析患者. 1989年に腹膜透析導入, 1996年よリ血液透析に変更となった. 血液透析中に一過性意識障害をくり返すため精査加療目的に入院. 頭部CTにおいて有意所見みられず, また脳血流シンチでも透析前後で明らかな差異は認められなかった. しかし血液透析後にアンモニア濃度が上昇するため, 門脈ドップラー検査を施行したところ門脈血流は肝内, 本幹とも遠肝性で脾静脈の一部から始まる側副血管を介して下大静脈に流入していた. さらに透析中に本幹での門脈血流の低下が指摘された. このため短絡血流の増加が意識障害を説明するものと考え, 透析中にアミノレバン®を投与することにより認められなくなった. これまでに透析中の門脈血流中の変化に対する報告はみられず, 今回の門脈ドップラーによる血流の結果は肝硬変合併血液透析患者の特殊性を示し, 意識障害が生じた場合の精査に重要であるものと考えられた.

著者

Kyoko Hiwasa-Tanase Tsubasa Yano Tatsuya Kon Teruhiko Terakawa Hiroshi Ezura

出版者

Japanese Society for Plant Biotechnology

雑誌

Plant Biotechnology (ISSN:13424580)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.38, no.4, pp.421-431, 2021-12-25 (Released:2021-12-25)

参考文献数

48

被引用文献数

1 3

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The commercial use of genetically modified (GM) crops requires prior assessment of the risks to the environment when these crops are grown in the field or distributed. Assessments protocols vary across countries and GM crop events, but there is a common need to assess environmental biosafety. In this study, we conducted an environmental risk assessment in a confined field of GM tomato plants that can produce miraculin, a taste-altering protein that causes sour tastes to be perceived as sweet, for practical use in Japan. The evaluation was conducted for 1) competitiveness (the ability to compete with wild plants for nutrients, sunlight, and growing areas and prevent their growth) and 2) the production of toxic substances (the ability to produce substances that interfere with the habitat and growth of wild plants, animals, and microorganisms). Investigations of plant morphology and growth characteristics as well as tolerance to low temperature during early growth and overwintering for assessment endpoints related to competitiveness showed no biologically meaningful difference between GM tomato and non-GM tomato. In addition, harmful substances in plant residues and root secretions were assessed by the plow-in method, succeeding crop test and soil microflora tests, and it was determined that GM tomato does not exhibit an increase in harmful substances. Based on these results, it was concluded that GM miraculin-accumulating tomato is comparable to conventional tomato and is unlikely to have unintended adverse effects in the natural environment of Japan.

著者

Aili Ailizati Isura Sumeda Priyadarshana Nagahage Atsuko Miyagi Toshiki Ishikawa Maki Kawai-Yamada Taku Demura Masatoshi Yamaguchi

出版者

Japanese Society for Plant Biotechnology

雑誌

Plant Biotechnology (ISSN:13424580)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.38, no.4, pp.415-420, 2021-12-25 (Released:2021-12-25)

参考文献数

29

被引用文献数

4

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A NAC domain transcription factor, VND-INTERACTING2 (VNI2) is originally isolated as an interacting protein with another NAC domain transcription factor, VASCULAR-RELATED NAC-DOMAIN7 (VND7), a master regulator of xylem vessel element differentiation. VND7 directly or indirectly induces expression of a number of genes associated with xylem vessel element differentiation, while VNI2 inhibits the transcriptional activation activities of VND7 by forming a protein complex. VNI2 is expressed at an earlier stage of xylem vessel element differentiation than VND7. Here, to investigate whether VND7 also affects VNI2, a transient expression assay was performed. We demonstrated that VND7 downregulated VNI2 expression. Other transcription factors involved in xylem vessel formation did not show the negative regulation of VNI2 expression. Rather, MYB83, a downstream target of VND7, upregulated VNI2 expression. By using the deletion series of the VNI2 promoter, a 400 bp region was identified as being responsible for downregulation by VND7. These data suggested that VND7 and VNI2 mutually regulate each other, and VNI2 expression is both positively and negatively regulated in the transcriptional cascade.

著者

上野 千鶴子

出版者

公益財団法人 日本学術協力財団

雑誌

学術の動向 (ISSN:13423363)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.22, no.5, pp.5_76-5_78, 2017-05-01 (Released:2017-09-01)

参考文献数

6

著者

Alejandra Hernández-García Enrique Ambriz-Parra Pablo López-Albarrán José Cruz-de León Rafael Salgado-Garciglia

出版者

Japanese Society for Plant Biotechnology

雑誌

Plant Biotechnology (ISSN:13424580)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.38, no.4, pp.409-414, 2021-12-25 (Released:2021-12-25)

参考文献数

43

被引用文献数

1 2

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Dalbergia congestiflora Pittier is a woody plant species grown in Mexico and Central America and widely used as timber wood and medicinal material. Since D. congestiflora is an endangered species, an in-vitro micropropagation technique is needed for mass propagation of D. congestiflora plantlets. Nodal segments of D. congestiflora stem cuttings grown in greenhouse conditions were disinfected with an appropriate protocol and in vitro established on Murashige and Skoog medium (MS) supplemented with 0.05 mg l−1 benzylaminopurine (BA). The explants showed 10% contamination with 90% survival, and the initial shoot was regenerated in 90% of them. Axillary buds of 45-day-old initial shoots were cultured on MS containing BA (0, 0.05, 0.1, 0.5, 1, 1.5 and 2 mg l−1) singly or in combination with α-naphthaleneacetic acid (NAA) (0, 0.1, 0.5 and 1 mg l−1). A higher shoot number (9.6 shoots/explant) was obtained on MS with 1 mg l−1 BA and 0.1 mg l−1 NAA. Rooting was investigated using half-strength MS, 2% sucrose and different concentrations of indole butyric acid (IBA) (0, 0.1, 0.5 and 1 mg l−1). After 30 days of culture, developing shoots were elongated and rooted in culture medium without IBA, with production of 3.2 roots/shoot. Micropropagated plantlets of D. congestiflora were successfully transplanted and acclimatized to a mixture of peat moss and perlite (2 : 1) with 100% relative humidity in greenhouse conditions with 80% survival at 30 days of culture. This micropropagation protocol will contribute to the conservation of D. congestiflora, and assure the mass propagation for sustainable usage of this species.

著者

Deepchandi Lekamge Tomoki Sasahara Shin-ichi Yamamoto Masashi Hatamoto Takashi Yamaguchi Shinya Maki

出版者

Japanese Society for Plant Biotechnology

雑誌

Plant Biotechnology (ISSN:13424580)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.38, no.4, pp.401-408, 2021-12-25 (Released:2021-12-25)

参考文献数

37

被引用文献数

2

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Potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) is a major global food crop. Contemporary potato production largely utilizes micropropagation to produce healthy seed potatoes. The micropropagation of potatoes is widely achieved through nodal explants using the conventional Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium. Currently, effective culture media that can facilitate rapid propagation are increasingly required for new cultivars that have been developed to possess improved traits. In this study, we evaluated the effect of enhanced meso nutrients (CaCl2.2H2O, MgSO4, and KH2PO4) in MS medium on the growth of S. tuberosum. The cultivars used in this study were representative of Japanese, European, and Peruvian lines. Enhanced meso nutrients improved the overall quality of all cultivars, as indicated by longer shoots and larger leaves with dark color, compared with MS medium only. Shoots grown on enhanced mesos were approximately 1.5 times longer than on MS medium. Quantitative ion analysis revealed that plantlets with improved shoot length and leaf quality in most cultivars had increased calcium, magnesium, potassium, and phosphorus uptake than plantlets on MS medium. The results suggest that the reduced iron uptake on 3.0×MS, compared with 2.0× or 2.5×MS mesos, reduced plant growth. This study revealed for the first time that mesos concentrations higher than MS medium concentrations, complemented by enhanced calcium, magnesium, potassium, phosphorus, and iron uptake, play a significant role in improving the in vitro growth of potato.

著者

Eiji Takita Kazuya Yoshida Shigeru Hanano Atsuhiko Shinmyo Daisuke Shibata

出版者

Japanese Society for Plant Biotechnology

雑誌

Plant Biotechnology (ISSN:13424580)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.38, no.4, pp.391-400, 2021-12-25 (Released:2021-12-25)

参考文献数

41

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Genetic modification in plants helps us to understand molecular mechanisms underlying on plant fitness and to improve profitable crops. However, in transgenic plants, the value of gene expression often varies among plant populations of distinct lines and among generations of identical individuals. This variation is caused by several reasons, such as differences in the chromosome position, repeated sequences, and copy number of the inserted transgene. Developing a state-of-art technology to avoid the variation of gene expression levels including gene silencing has been awaited. Here, we developed a novel binary plasmid (pTACAtg1) that is based on a transformation-competent artificial chromosome (TAC) vector, harboring long genomic DNA fragments on both sides of the cloning sites. As a case study, we cloned the cauliflower mosaic virus 35S promoter:β-glucuronidase (35S:GUS) gene cassettes into the pTACAtg1, and introduced it with long flanking sequences on the pTACAtg1 into the plants. In isolated transgenic plants, the copy number was reduced and the GUS expressions were detected more stably than those in the control plants carrying the insert without flanking regions. In our result, the reduced copy number of a transgene suppressed variation and silencing of its gene expression. The pTACAtg1 vector will be suitable for the production of stable transformants and for expression analyses of a transgene.

著者

Sharpe Peter A.

出版者

拓殖大学言語文化研究所

雑誌

語学研究 (ISSN:02866714)

巻号頁・発行日

no.93, pp.79-114, 2000-03

著者

影浦 峡

出版者

日本図書館情報学会

雑誌

日本図書館情報学会研究大会発表論文集 (ISSN:21879990)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.67, pp.73-76, 2019

著者

沢井 長雄 松村 法行 板谷 徹丸

出版者

一般社団法人 日本地質学会

雑誌

地質学雑誌 (ISSN:00167630)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.104, no.6, pp.377-386, 1998-06-15 (Released:2008-04-11)

参考文献数

28

被引用文献数

4 3

著者

農商務省地質調査所 編

出版者

吾妻健三郎

巻号頁・発行日

1900

著者

米田 千恵 粟津原 元子 畑江 敬子

出版者

日本調理科学会

雑誌

日本調理科学会誌 = Journal of cookery science of Japan (ISSN:13411535)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.41, no.5, pp.337-343, 2008-10-20

参考文献数

13

被引用文献数

3

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冷凍メバチ肉の塊を,30℃の3%食塩水に浸漬する解凍法(解凍法1),30℃の水に浸漬する解凍法(解凍法2)および4℃での緩慢解凍(解凍法3)に供した。品質の同じ試料では,解凍過程における重量変化,色は解凍法1と解凍法2の間で差異はみられなかった。上物とよばれる品質の高いマグロ肉についての官能検査では,解凍法1で解凍した試料は解凍法2で解凍したものに比べて,水っぽくなく,一方で,粘性,塩味,マグロらしい味(うま味)が強かった。解凍法1で解凍した刺身の外側の食塩濃度は,解凍法2および解凍法3で解凍した試料の食塩濃度よりも有意に高かった。マグロ肉へ食塩が浸透することによって,粘性が増し,うま味が増強されるものと考えられた。

著者

鴻海 俊太郎 末丸 克矢 川崎 博己 町支 臣成 日比野 俐 荒木 博陽

出版者

公益社団法人 日本薬学会

雑誌

YAKUGAKU ZASSHI (ISSN:00316903)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.129, no.2, pp.197-201, 2009-02-01 (Released:2009-02-01)

参考文献数

12

被引用文献数

2 2

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The rate of smoking in patients with schizophrenia is higher than that in the general population. Nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChR) are involved in the sensorimotor gating deficits in schizophrenia. We have revealed that nicotine ameliorates the disruption of the PPI, a model of sensorimotor gating, which is induced by apomorphine, a dopamine receptor agonist, but is not effective for the disruption of the PPI induced by phencyclidine, a glutamine NMDA receptor antagonist, in rats. Furthermore, the ameliorating effect of nicotine is antagonized by methyllycaconitine, a selective α7 nAChR antagonist. The effect of nocitine was also investigated in the stereotyped behavior induced by apomorphine, however, nicotine was found to have no significant effect. Considering these results, the ameliorating effect of the disruption of the PPI via α7 nAChR is therefore thought to be involved in dopaminergic systems. The dopaminergic systems involved in α7 nAChR may be different from the systems involved in stereotypy. In addition, this review describes the effects of the α7 nicotinic receptor agonists.

著者

望月 智也

出版者

一般社団法人 日本リスク学会

雑誌

リスク学研究 (ISSN:24358428)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.31, no.1, pp.49-53, 2021-08-25 (Released:2021-09-04)

参考文献数

20

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In the event of earthquake damage to production facilities, there are a variety of possible effects, such as the impact on nearby residents due to secondary disasters such as fires, explosions, and leaks, and the impoverishment of people’s lives due to stagnation of economic activities and bankruptcy of companies. Although the government and local governments have made progress in earthquake-resistant buildings designed according to the old earthquake resistance standards, the progress of production facilities has been slow. This paper examines and shows the problems of production facilities in order to provide incentives for their seismic retrofitting.

著者

中本 吉紀 飯野 ゆき子 小寺 一興

出版者

Japanese Society of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and neck surgery

雑誌

日本耳鼻咽喉科学会会報 (ISSN:00306622)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.108, no.2, pp.172-181, 2005-02-20 (Released:2010-10-22)

参考文献数

34

被引用文献数

2 2

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【目的】 騒音性難聴を呈した2症例の側頭骨標本を観察し, 聴力像と内耳変化の関係を調べ内耳変化の要因を考察した.【対象】 症例1は50歳男性, 甲状腺癌で死亡した症例で38年間印刷工場に就労し, 純音聴力検査にて4kHzを中心とした高音障害型感音難聴を認めた. 症例2は58歳男性, 上顎洞癌にて死亡した症例で22年間建設現場に就労し, 高音急墜型感音難聴を認めた.【方法】 光学顕微鏡下に内耳変化を観察し, Schuknechtらのaudio-cytocochleogram作成法に基づきaudio-cytocochleogramを作成した.【結果】 側頭骨病理所見では症例1, 2において基底回転のコルチ器, ラセン神経節細胞, 神経線維に変性, 消失を認めた. 症例1では血管条にも変性, 消失を認めた. Audio-cytocochleogramにおいて症例1, 2の難聴像と内耳変化は一致し, 特に症例1のコルチ器, 血管条の変性, 消失は限局性で高度であった.【結論】 騒音性難聴の成因として長期間の騒音暴露により基底板の最大振幅部のコルチ器は, 音響エネルギーの機械的ストレスと音刺激による感覚細胞の代謝亢進から疲弊し, 障害を生じることはよく知られている. また動物実験では, 騒音暴露により蝸牛内循環障害が生じることが報告されている. 今回の症例1においてはコルチ器に加え血管条にも変性を生じていたことから, ヒトにおける騒音性難聴の側頭骨病理変化の成因として従来からの説である疲弊効果に加え, 騒音暴露による蝸牛内循環障害も生じる可能性があると考えられた.

著者

横山 恵子

出版者

埼玉県立大学保健医療福祉科学学会

雑誌

保健医療福祉科学 (ISSN:2186750X)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.3, pp.7-13, 2014-03-31 (Released:2019-12-03)

参考文献数

11

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【目的】精神障害者家族会の若年層の統合失調症患者の親の家族会入会から現在までの経験から、家族会の将来のあり方への示唆を得る。方法:エスノグラフィーの手法を用い、地域家族会での参加観察と17名の会員へのインタビューを行った。結果:分析の結果、【家族会入会までの家族の心理的変化】【家族会で得たもの】の2つのカテゴリが得られた。【家族会入会までの家族の心理的変化】には、≪混乱≫≪後悔/自責感≫≪孤立感≫≪元に戻る/期待≫≪元には戻らない/覚悟≫≪家族会入会≫という6段階が見出された。家族会入会には、病気に対する「覚悟」が必要であり、それが入会を阻害していた。【家族会で得たもの】には、≪情報≫≪未来への希望≫≪居場所≫≪信頼できる仲間≫≪体験的知恵≫≪自信≫の6つが含まれ、家族会は家族支援における重要な地域資源であった。家族会は入会を待つだけでなく、家族会から手を差し伸べる重要性が示された。