著者
中西 喜彦 吉永 健一郎 小川 清彦
出版者
鹿児島大学
雑誌
鹿兒島大學農學部學術報告 (ISSN:04530845)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.35, pp.81-88, 1985-03-15

雄ミニ豚について, 体尺測定値, 精液採取の状況, 精液性状および精液性状の季節変動について追究した.その結果は次のとおりである.1.体重は12カ月齢で37.8kg, 36カ月齢で76.5kgであった.体高と体長は12カ月齢で47.9cmと93.7cmであり, 36カ月齢で59.2cmと112.0cmであった.2.精液は擬ひん台を用いて, 手圧法で容易に採取できた.精液採取は4〜5カ月齢から可能であるので, ミニ豚は一般豚より数カ月性成熟が早いと思われる.3.射精時間は5分52秒(n=86)であり, 一般豚より1〜2分短かった.濃度精液の分画数で分類した射精型は1回型;52.3%, 2回型;33.8%および3回型;1.9%であった.4.精液量は10〜20カ月齢で134ml(n=57), 液体部量;99.6ml(n=86)および膠様物量;20.6g(n=84)であった.1ml当りの精子濃度は1.5億であり, 液体部のpHは7.8であった.さらに, 28〜38カ月齢では精液量;152.0ml(n=63), 液体部量;120.0ml(n=61)および膠様物量;26.0g(n=59)と精液量は月齢とともに若干増加する傾向が認められたが, 精子濃度やpHは変らなかった.5.精子全長をミニ豚, ハンプシャー種およびバークシャー種で測定した.平均精子長はそれぞれ56.4μm, 55.0μmおよび55.8μmであった.精子長はミニ豚で他の2品種より若干長かった.6.ミニ豚の精液性状の季節変動について2年間にわたって調べた.精液量, 精子濃度およびpHでは季節変動ははっきりしなかった.しかし, 奇形精子率が冬季に増加した.これは制限給餌で飼育しているので, 雄豚が低栄養状態になったためと考えられる.
著者
泉 徳和
出版者
石川県農業短期大学
雑誌
石川県農業短期大学特別研究報告 (ISSN:03899985)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.9, pp.a-85, 1980-12-25

The mechanism of ejaculatory reflexes is characteristic in bulls as reported by previous workers. Wilcox and coworkers reported that about 10% of the culled bulls were due to the difficulty of semen collection. For the resolution of the problem and to improve the efficiency of semen collection, the mechanisms of ejaculatory reflexes in this species should be clarified neuro-anatomically. At the present study the effects of auditory, olfactory and visual stimuli concerned with the cerebral cortex on the sexual drive and on the ejaculatory reflex were systematically investigated. Then, a location where the terminal nerve receptors involved in ejaculation existed was peripherally demonstrated. Furthermore a silver impregnation method was devised to stain the peripheral nerves of the bull penis. With this method, the author made clear the sensory nerve endings, the nerve supply and the nerve development of the bull penis. The results are summarized as follows. I. Studies on the effects of stimuli concerned with the cerebral cortex on the mechanisms of ejaculatory reflexes. 1. Auditory stimuli from the specific calls of cow significantly reduced sexual reaction time (P <0.01), but these were not effective for the semen characteristics. 2. Auditory stimuli from the noises of tractor (about 85 phon) significantly inhibited the sexual reaction (P <0.05), but these were not effective for the semen characteristics. 3. Auditory stimuli from shouting caused delay in sexual reaction time (P <0.01). However in some cases these auditory stimuli reduced the reaction time for the first ejaculation (P <0.01). 4. The olfactory stimuli from the mucus or urine of the estrous cow elicited sexual drive in some bulls, but did not in most other bulls. 5. The mucus of the estrous cow reduced sexual reaction time in some bulls, but did not in the majority of the bulls. 6. It was demonstrated that visual stimuli were highly effective for a sexual reaction including ejaculation. The relationship between sexual reaction time and semen characteristics is analyzed and classified to the following three types. 1) Type I : Bulls showing significant positive correlation between both parameters, i.e., a longer reaction time resulted in larger volume of semen. This type of bulls was most popular. 2) Type II : Bulls showing no significant correlation between both parameters, i.e., semen volume was not influenced by the reaction time. 3) Type III : Bulls showing negatively significant correlation between both parameters, i.e., a longer reaction time resulted in smaller volume of semen and inferior semen quality. This type of bulls was more sensitive especially to the visual stimuli than other type of bulls. Excessive visual stimuli to these bulls by restraining or false mounting were not favorable at the semen collection barn, because they had already been in the sexual preparatory process on the way to the collection barn from their pens. II. Studies on the localization of the sensory nerve endings which induce ejaculation. 1. The galea glandis of the bull did not contact with anything during masturbation, but a bull usually rubbed his erected penis with his dewlap at the portion of the collum glandis or at the more proximal part of the penis. This suggests that the sensory nerve endings locate at the collum glandis. 2. When a massage on the galea glandis or on the prepenile sheath was applied the bull did not cause ejaculation. The semen was obtained by massaging the collum glandis, but in this case, the massage might have been applied simultaneously on the penile sheath. 3. Ejaculation did not occur when the inner temperature of artificial vagina was at 18℃, but the semen was successfully obtained at 40℃. This suggests that the temperature also plays an important role on eliciting ejaculation. 4. Anesthesia on the surface of galea glandis with Lidocaine did not block the ejaculatory reflex. On the other hand, ejaculation did not occur when this case
著者
宮家 準
出版者
慶應義塾大学
雑誌
哲學 (ISSN:05632099)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.91, pp.353-374, 1990-12

文学部創設百周年記念論文集ITreatise序1. 熊野別当系図の種類2. 初代と中興者3. 別当職継承の論理結The Kumano betto (steward) families controlled the "Theree Mountains of Kumano" (Kumano Sanzan) from the beginning of the 11th century until the end of the thirteenth century. This essay analyzes the social meaning of the Kumano Betto lineage chart. This lineage has its origin in the conferring of a public rank (sogo) on the fifteenth betto Chokai (1037-1123) in 1090 by the imperial family (the retired emperor Shirakawa). After this the betto status became hereditary. We can thus divide the history of the Kumano betto into those before and those after this time. In the earlier period there were the first to fourteenth betto, when the betto were chosen from among the people in general at Kumano. However, the lineage chart claims that the first betto was either the daughter of a powerful provincial family which served the Fujiwara aristocracy and the Kumano avator (gongen), or a shugenja (ascetic) who practiced asceticism on Mt. Omine and worshiped the Kumano avatar. The next betto in turn up to the fourth betto were the eldest son, second son, third son, and son of the eldest son (of the first betto). Later betto also followed this pattern, with brothers taking precedence over father-son succession. This kind of succession was of the same type as the succession of the betto post which was made hereditary after the time of Chokai. Thus the Kumano betto lineage chart sought to show that, first, the betto family has its origins in the powerful provincial family which served the Kumano avator in the distant past, and is thus most eminent of all families in that area. Second, in order to assure a smooth hereditary succession, it attempted to show that traditionally the succession of the betto followed rules of seniority. On the basis of these two points, the Kumano betto family was able to control the Kumano area through hereditary succession; it is here that we find their soial meaning.
著者
曽根原 寿明 井澤 康哲 祁 華 神津 和磨 向山 浩行 広田 雅和 遠藤 高生 神田 寛行 森本 壮 不二門 尚
出版者
日本眼光学学会
雑誌
視覚の科学 (ISSN:09168273)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.38, no.4, pp.114-121, 2017 (Released:2017-12-29)
参考文献数
20

眼疲労を定量化するための方法として, 自然な両眼視下での測定を利用した報告はあまりされていない。そこで我々は, 18名の被験者に視負荷として市販の携帯型3Dゲーム機を30分間使用させ, 両眼波面センサーを用いて視負荷前後での調節および輻湊応答の変化を調べた。測定時の固視標の動きは, 奥行き方向に反復する定屈折駆動刺激(±0.25D/秒)およびステップ状刺激(2.0/0.2D)を与えた。定屈折の反復刺激において, 輻湊と開散の潜時が視負荷後に統計的に有意に長くなることがわかった(P<0.05)。ステップ状刺激では, 調節弛緩応答量の80%から10%に変化するのに要する時間が視負荷後に長くなった(P<0.05)。以上より, 両眼波面センサーによって測定された調節と輻湊の応答は, 眼の疲労の客観的評価に適用できることが示唆され, とくに年齢の影響を受けにくい輻湊は中高年者への適用に有望であると考えられる。
著者
勝部 裕
出版者
宮城教育大学
雑誌
宮城教育大学紀要 (ISSN:13461621)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.40, pp.27-52, 2005

Woher die feudalistische Nationalitat oder der anti-deutsche "Schauvinismus" eigentlich in der sogenannten Dalimil-Chronik herkommt, lasst das Problematik in der Beziehung zur Investitur des Prager Bischofs betrachten. Um der letztere in Keime des Investiturstreits geht es auch der Cosmas-Chronik, der genau Dalimil folgend bis zum ersten Viertel des 12. Jh. verarbeitet wurde, wie der Streit erst deutlich im Laufe des kommenden Jahrhundertlang ausbrach. Bei der Reihe der Verfahren von der Wahl, Investitur und Ordination musste der Prager Bischof sich in der Spaltung unter den bohmischen Fursten mit ihren eigenen Kirche und in der unmittelbaren Auswirkung der deutschen Konigen zwischen Sachsen und Bayern befinden. Im Vergleich zur Fremden von aussen in der Dalimil bedeutet also das, dass die sozialen verschiedenen Umstande innerhalb des bohmischen Land besonders im Mittelpunkt von hohen Geistlichkeit zu betrachten sind, wie es der Bischof Vojtech zum Gegenstand machte.
著者
竹中 規訓
出版者
japan association of food preservation scientists
雑誌
日本食品低温保蔵学会誌 (ISSN:09147675)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.21, no.3, pp.143-151, 1995-08-31 (Released:2011-05-20)
参考文献数
27
被引用文献数
1
著者
宮﨑 真二
出版者
社団法人 日本写真学会
雑誌
日本写真学会誌 (ISSN:03695662)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.80, no.1, pp.46-52, 2017

<p>日本カメラ博物館が2012年に寄贈を受けた『寫眞雜誌(脱影夜話)』は,以前から「日本最古の写真雑誌」として認識されているが,本寄贈品を内容調査した結果,再考すべき点が複数見出された.これについて検証と考察を行った.また後継誌との関連や,発行年と誌名の変遷,装丁などについても考察を行った.</p>
著者
泉 正樹
出版者
経済理論学会
雑誌
季刊経済理論 (ISSN:18825184)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.41, no.1, pp.63-73, 2004-04-20 (Released:2017-04-25)

In the theory of commodity money, money is determined as commodity. This prescription, 'money is commodity', entails that even if the 'money' is no longer money, the 'money' is still commodity. But if we strip its function from today's 'money', it is no longer commodity. After the stripping, we get a mere paper, poor metal and the number written on bankbook. From this point, the persuasion of the theory of commodity money is simply questioned. But the theory of commodity money has two contents. One is to consider about essence of money. Another is to consider about reason for existence of money. The question about the theory of commodity money is turned to consideration about the essence of money. In general opinion, this question is the question against metallism. Another content of this theory, consideration about reason for existence of money, treats of logical generation of money. It insists that money generates spontaneously in the market. In this logic, the generation of money is considered from the perspective of exchange itself. As a result, we get commodity money, as it were, automatically. But this prescription, 'money is commodity', is different from the prescription, 'money is commodity', which is drawn from the consideration about essence of money. Obviously these two prescriptions are same phrase. But the content of these prescriptions are different. The matter is how we interpret these same and different prescriptions. In this paper, I consider the theory of commodity money from the viewpoint of reason for existence of money. And this theme is considered as generation of money. In this framework, as I have already mentioned, certain commodity becomes money automatically. But it does not mean that the essence of money is commodity. The theory of commodity money, as reason for existence of money, is the description of human nature, which is given conditions of private property and social division of labor. If say in other words, it describes principle of market. In other theory, 'contract' is the moment of reason for existence of money. It insists that money is the external existence of market. So, money is not able to generate from exchange itself. From this point, this theory requests the power of generating money for 'contract'. In this paper, I try to unify with this theory and the theory of commodity money. It is a trial to unify with internal generation of money and external generation of money. I base internal generation on external generation. It comes from interest to the awareness of real economic phenomenon. If there is the principle behind various economic phenomena, we will be able to comprehend them on the basis of the principle. We should be able to grasp real economy as an amalgam the principle and factors, which bring various phenomena. On this hypothesis, in this paper, I aim to consider influence of the principle upon reason for existence of money.
著者
近藤 裕陽 木下 光
出版者
公益社団法人 日本都市計画学会
雑誌
都市計画論文集 (ISSN:09160647)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.43.3, pp.475-480, 2008-10-25 (Released:2017-01-01)
参考文献数
16

本研究は、坂出人工土地の開発手法の意義と限界をその計画、事業プロセスの変遷を通して明らかにしたものである。結論は主に以下の三点である。1)坂出人工土地は公共用地を生み出す実験的な開発手法であったが、予定以上に事業が遅延し、事業途中の1969年都市再開発法が施行されたため、特殊解として位置づけられることになった。2)坂出人工土地はすべての土地の買収を前提としない画期的な開発手法であり、区分所有や立体換地による今日の再開発手法とは異なるものであった。3)坂出人工土地は構造や設備の観点において、土地と同等として捉える試みがなされたが、法的には位置づけられることがなかったため、結果的には建築床と同じ扱いになっている。
著者
渡邊 伸行 河崎 翔太
出版者
日本認知心理学会
雑誌
日本認知心理学会発表論文集 日本認知心理学会第17回大会
巻号頁・発行日
pp.138, 2019 (Released:2019-10-28)

本研究では、顔面表情の感情的評価にしぐさが及ぼす影響について検討することを目的とした。モデル2名に表情4種類 (喜び、驚き、怒り、無表情)、しぐさ9種類 (手で口を覆う、後ろ髪を触る、腕を組む、など) を組み合わせた演技をしてもらった静止画像、計72枚を刺激として用いた。実験では、刺激をランダムに呈示し、実験参加者はセマンティック・ディファレンシャル (SD) 法 (Osgood et al., 1957) に基づいて、12項目の形容詞対を用いて7件法で評価してもらった。実験で得られた評定値の平均値を用いて、因子分析を実施した結果、従来の表情認知研究 (Russell, 1997; Takehara et al., 2002など) で繰り返し見出されてきた、評価性 (快—不快)、活動性の2因子が抽出された。因子空間における刺激の布置を確認したところ、しぐさが表情に対する感情的評価に何らかの影響を及ぼすことが示され、例えば腕組みの動作では表情が示す感情をより強調する効果があることが示唆された。
著者
蜂谷 清人
巻号頁・発行日
no.114, 1995
著者
竹友 一成
出版者
長崎大学教育学部
雑誌
長崎大学教育学部自然科学研究報告 (ISSN:0386443X)
巻号頁・発行日
no.25, pp.69-78, 1974-03

有機塩基のライネッケートを試料とするイオン交換ぺ一パークロマトグラフィーを試み,次の結果を得た。(1)イオン交換紙としてアンバーライトSA-2を,展開液として1M-Na2HPO4-NaOH:緩衝液(pH15.50)を用いて,有機塩基のラィネッケートからもとの有機塩基を遊離再生せしめるための特別の操作を行なうことなく,有機塩基の分離,検出および定量を迅速かつ簡単に行なうことができた。(2)有機塩基の遊離再生に関与する因子は光エネルギーおよびアンバーライトSA-2であった。(3)本法をアキのノゲシおよびオニタビラコに適用し,それぞれコリンを迅速かつ簡単に検出することができた。
著者
Senju Hanahara
出版者
Global Business Research Center
雑誌
Annals of Business Administrative Science (ISSN:13474464)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.20, no.2, pp.47-62, 2021-04-15 (Released:2021-04-15)
参考文献数
28
被引用文献数
3

Interdepartmental collaboration is considered to be critical to innovation and efficiency. This paper differentiated industrial design (ID) and engineering design (ED), which differ in their nature and are handled by different departments, and reviews in the literature on the impact that interdepartmental collaboration among industrial designers and other areas involved in product development has on innovation and efficiency. We found that: (1) regarding innovation, interdepartmental collaboration has a positive effect on design innovation, and CE type interdepartmental collaboration has a positive effect on technology innovation. (2) Regarding efficiency, we found that the effect on the efficiency of the product development process was not consistent, and production efficiency was not looked into in prior research.
著者
甘利,俊一
出版者
物性研究刊行会
雑誌
物性研究
巻号頁・発行日
vol.52, no.1, 1989-04-20