著者
Satoshi Aoki Tetsuo Ohi-Toma Jin Murata
出版者
The Japanese Society for Plant Systematics
雑誌
Acta Phytotaxonomica et Geobotanica (ISSN:13467565)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.70, no.3, pp.159-172, 2019-10-31 (Released:2019-11-28)

The classification of Oxalis subsect. Oxalis (Oxalidaceae) is revised based on phylogenetic, cytological and morphological evidence. For the flora of Japan, one new species and one new variety are described, and five new combinations are proposed. The new species, O. nipponica, resembles O. griffithii, but is distinguished by its unique phylogeny, larger genome and distribution. Oxalis nipponica is subdivided into two subspecies, nipponica and kantoensis based on phylogeny and fruit length. Subsp. kantoensis is further divided into two varieties based on ploidy level, length of the fruit and seeds and habitat. While diploids correspond to var. kantoensis, the tetraploids correspond to the newly described var. alpigena. Variety alpigena resembles O. acetosella and has been confused with it. Fourteen taxa, including one hybrid, are recognized in subsect. Oxalis.
著者
久保寺 逸彦
出版者
日本文化人類学会
雑誌
民族學研究 (ISSN:24240508)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.16, no.3-4, pp.230-236, 1952 (Released:2018-03-27)

According to the standard literature, the Ainu are indifferent to ancestor worship, as evidenced by the fact that they do not visit the graves of the dead. This judgement is mistaken. It will be shown here that they practice the worship of the souls of their ancestors with no less proper ceremony and frequency than other peoples. The ceremony in question is divided into two categories : nurappa and shi-nurappa. (1) When the Ainu brew a small quantity of sake, or they are presented with it, they hold a small-scale nurappa. (2) Periodically in spring and autumn, and most ceremoniously in winter, each family of the village brews a large quantity of sake and invites many relatives and neighbors and holds a large-scale shi-nurappa. These ceremonies may be performed by themselves or as part of other religious services such as the iomante (bear-festival). Since the dead are considered deities who live in the subterranean divine land in the same way as they did on earth, the souls of the ancestors should be worshipped along with other deities, and other deities are usually worshipped along with the souls of the ancestors. The ceremony for the souls of the ancestors is performed before a special altar, which is erected between the sacred window on the east side of the house and the nusa-san altar in front of the window (Fig.3 on p.53). One male and several females participate in the ceremony. The former is the family-chief, or a representative of his who is aged, eloquent, and well versed in ritual formulae, and should belong to the patrilineal descent of the male ancestors of the family ; the female participants have, as a rule, the same upshor forms (s. p.69) as those of the female ancestors being worshipped on that occasion, that is to say, they belong to their matrilineal descent. The male worshipper erects ceremonial shaved sticks (inau), makes libations, offers prayers to the ancestral souls, and crushes sake-lees, tobacco, cakes, and other offerings in his hand and scatters them around. The female participants also take these offerings in their hand, and crush and scatter them ; in former days, however, they seem to have offered prayers, too. After this the women have a drink by themselves, eat some of the offerings, and dance solace to the ancestral souls ; in the house the men have a feast toward nightfall. Another prevalent misconception is that Ainu women are not qualified to participate in religious ceremonies. Therefore, it is all the more significant that in fact the matrilineal female descendants worship the souls of their female ancestors during these ceremonies. One of the chief findings of our 1951 joint research on the Ainu is the fact that in their social structure matrilineal descent prevailed for females and patrilineal descent for males. The author intends to take this peculiar feature of their social structure into consideration in analyzing their religious rites and ceremonies.
著者
栗田 茂二朗
出版者
The Japan Society of Logopedics and Phoniatrics
雑誌
音声言語医学 (ISSN:00302813)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.29, no.2, pp.185-193, 1988-04-25 (Released:2010-06-22)
参考文献数
5
被引用文献数
3 3

剖検より得られた男63個, 女59個の喉頭を肉眼的, 組織学的に観測し以下の結果を得た.1) 声帯の長さ, 声帯膜様部の長さは, 新生児より年齢とともに増大し, 20歳頃に成人の長さに達する.2) 声帯粘膜の厚さは, 新生児でも0.75~0.95mmでかなり厚く, 年齢に伴う増大はわずかである.3) 新生児では声帯靱帯が形成されていない.靱帯の発達は, まず線維束が膜様部全長に連なり, 次に弾性線維, 膠原線維の層が分化し, さらに密度を増すという過程をとおって完成する.4) 粘膜固有層浅層は, 加齢とともに浮腫状となって厚くなる.中間層は弾性線維の萎縮のため薄くなり, 深層は膠原線維の増生によって厚くなる.これらの傾向は男の方で顕著であった.
著者
兼岡 理恵
出版者
日本文学協会
雑誌
日本文学 (ISSN:03869903)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.62, no.5, pp.2-9, 2013 (Released:2018-05-18)

環境をどのように表現するか。特に自然環境においては、実際の景・事象を客観的に描く立場と、理想の景・イメージとして文芸的に表現する、という二つの立場がある。古代散文における雪の記事をみると、たとえば六国史の雪は、災厄の予兆・雪害から儀式に関するものへと変容しており、朝廷における雪への関心の変化が窺える。一方『摂津国風土記』逸文には、鹿の背に積もる雪が塩の譬喩として表現されるが、その聯想の背景には、野に降り積む雪の文芸的イメージ、さらに同地の地理的環境がふまえられており、文芸的観点から雪を描いた記事といえる。
著者
谷 淳
出版者
一般社団法人 日本ロボット学会
雑誌
日本ロボット学会誌 (ISSN:02891824)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.28, no.4, pp.522-531, 2010 (Released:2012-01-25)
参考文献数
32

The current paper reviews neuro-robotics studies by the author's group by which possible neuro-phenomenological accounts are explored for “symbolic” processes assumed in various aspects in human cognition. The reviews on the series of studies elucidate that many of “symbolic” computation scheme can be alternated by neuro-dynamic systems approach utilizing self-organization. It is concluded that “symbols” can be obtained just as an immanent property in the consequences of self-organization when natural interactions between the top-down intention and the bottom-up sensory-motor processes are allowed in embodied neuronal systems.

7 0 0 0 OA 電気年報

著者
電気新報社 編
出版者
電気新報社
巻号頁・発行日
vol.昭和13年版, 1938
著者
河村 賢
出版者
日本社会学理論学会
雑誌
現代社会学理論研究 (ISSN:18817467)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.7, pp.80-93, 2013 (Released:2020-03-09)

「ルールに従うこと」は社会的現実の基礎をなす原初的行為として、多くの社会学者たちの関心を捉えてきた。そこで焦点となったのは、ルールに従うことはルールによって因果的に引き起こされた行動として記述できるのかという論点であった。本稿はルールに従うことの因果的描像を最も一貫した形で提示した哲学者であるジョン・サールの社会哲学を批判的に検討することによって、この古典的な議論に決定的な結論を与えることを試みる。サールは、現実に存在する様々なルールを区分するための理念型として、統制的規則/構成的規則の二分法を導入した上で、構成的規則の持つ「新たな行為可能性を作り出す」という性質こそが、社会制度に関わる諸事実の基盤であるとした。この統制的規則/構成的規則という区分は、1950年代にロールズが「二つのルール概念」論文で展開したルールの要約的見方/実践的見方という区分を着想の源としている。だが、サールとロールズの間には、ルールとそれによって描かれる行為の関係を因果関係として捉えるか、ルールを人々が用いて様々な活動を営むという実践的関係として捉えるかという差異が存在する。そして本稿はサールのような外在的・因果的記述の立場ではなく、ロールズのような内在的・実践的記述の立場を取ることによって、社会的現実が編成される場面を、その場面に外的な装置を持ち込まずに分析することが可能になると論ずる。
著者
池田 朋矢 一川 誠
出版者
日本感性工学会
雑誌
日本感性工学会論文誌 (ISSN:18845258)
巻号頁・発行日
pp.TJSKE-D-22-00052, (Released:2023-04-13)
参考文献数
19
被引用文献数
1

We have found that various cognitive biases would interfere with evacuation behavior during a disaster, and this have caused many casualties. In this study, we focused on the conformity bias, one of the cognitive biases, which is introduced by evacuation order sentences with information about other residences’ behavior, to facilitate evacuation behavior. In the experiment, we presented the evacuation order sentences, and pictures which depict the scene of disaster, or normal situation. Participants evaluated the degree of risk for the picture, and degree of necessity of evacuation from the scene. Our results demonstrated that the conformity bias would facilitate evacuation especially for the low-risk situation. In addition, we found that judgments of the need for evacuation can be predicted by the rating of the degree of danger, disaster experience, sense of crisis about disasters, and the other-personality-orientations of the participants.
著者
Elmina Rayah Dizon Maniago
出版者
Center for Southeast Asian Studies, Kyoto University
雑誌
東南アジア研究 (ISSN:05638682)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.44, no.4, pp.494-518, 2007-03-31 (Released:2017-10-31)

What conditions have made it possible for television celebrities to enter politics? Why are there many Filipino celebrities who are elected as national government officials? Most political analysts and media critics devoted time in analyzing public approval ratings and ad spending during the campaign period to understand voting behavior and political choice. While those studies may also be helpful, they do not cover the overall set-up that contributes to the rising trend of celebrity politicians. This article offers to fill a gap in current scholarship on celebrity politician phenomenon by identifying factors that affect the communication process between the celebrity candidate and voters even BEFORE the official campaign starts. For this reason, I chose to loosely base my framework on DavidBerlo's Source-Message-Channel-Receiver (SMCR) communication model. I found out that 1) the socio-cultural and political backgrounds of Source and Receiver; 2) the social role and spectatorship in relation to Message; and, 3) the television's nature as a Channel and its socio-economic background were critical communication factors in paving the way for Philippines to have 11 celebrity politicians as president, vice president and, senators during the 1998 and 2004 elections combined.
著者
ロス バリー
出版者
The Malacological Society of Japan
雑誌
貝類学雑誌 (ISSN:00423580)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.37, no.4, pp.223-229, 1978-11-30 (Released:2018-01-31)

Type material of tellinacean bivalves Nuttallia japonica (REEVE, 1857) and Nuttallia obscurata (REEVE, 1857) is illustrated and characterized. A figured specimen is designated lectotype of Psammobia olivacea JAY, 1857, which is a junior synonym of Nuttallia obscurata (REEVE).
著者
辻 竜平
出版者
近畿大学総合社会学部
雑誌
近畿大学総合社会学部紀要:総社る = Kindai Applied Sociology Review : Social (ISSN:21866260)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.11, no.2, pp.31-38, 2023-03-31

[Abstract] How much did the evaluation of the cabinet ministers and the specialists who engaged in the control of COVID-19 affect voting behavior in the House of Representatives in October 2021? An online survey (CAWI) was conducted in late November 2021 to examine the effect. Analyses showed that 1) those who voted for the ruling parties were those who gave high evaluations of the current and former minister, 2) those who voted for the reformist opposition parties were those who gave low evaluations of the current and former minister, but did high evaluations of specialists of infectious diseases, 3) those who voted for the conservative opposition parties did not have a particular tendency but have a relatively similar tendency with those who voted for the ruling parties.
著者
朝野 維起
出版者
首都大学東京
雑誌
基盤研究(C)
巻号頁・発行日
2012-04-01

昆虫の外骨格は、キチン及びキチン結合性タンパク質を主成分とするマトリクスである。脱皮に伴って外骨格が硬化する際に、カテコールアミン類がラッカーゼによっての酸化される反応を経るとされている。その結果生じるキノン、およびキノンが異性化されて生じるキノンメチドは反応性が高く、周囲の成分と共有結合的に架橋構造をつくる事で、外骨格が硬くなると考えられている。本研究は、キノンメチド生成に関わるキノンイソメラーゼの単離を目的とした。家蚕蛹外骨格の抽出物を出発材料に、各種クロマトグラフィーによる分離操作を行った結果、キノンイソメラーゼ活性を示す因子をほぼ単離した。
著者
日下 九八
出版者
デジタルアーカイブ学会
雑誌
デジタルアーカイブ学会誌 (ISSN:24329762)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.2, no.2, pp.120-123, 2018-09-03 (Released:2018-05-18)

初回の企画立ち上げから、各地のウィキペディアタウンをサポートし、またファシリテーター養成講座や甲州エディットソンなど関連イベントにも関わってきた経験から、各事例を報告し、ウィキペディアタウンに期待されるもの、得られるものを、デジタルアーカイビングの観点から整理する。