著者

永田 義毅 中村 由紀夫 木田 寛 佐野 譲

出版者

公益財団法人 日本心臓財団

雑誌

心臓 (ISSN:05864488)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.33, no.2, pp.121-125, 2001-02-15 (Released:2013-05-24)

参考文献数

12

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症例は平成5年より多系統萎縮症に罹患した54歳,女性.平成9年1月頃より食事性低血圧を認めるようになった.一日の血圧最高値,血圧最低値はそれぞれ232/146mmHg,72/46mmHgであった.本例において食事が自律神経に及ぼす影響をホルター心電図を用いた心拍変動解析にて検討した.副交感神経機能,交感神経機能の指標としてHF,LF/HFを用いた.健常者では食事によりLF/HFは上昇し,交感神経活動の賦活化がみられた.本例では血圧が188/119mmHgから105/40mmHgへと低下したが,LF/HF,血漿ノルアドレナリン値は不変であった.食事性低血圧の機序の一つとして,食事による腹部内臓血流増加に対する交感神経系を介した血流再分布障害の関与が推測されている.本例の心拍変動解析の結果も,それを示唆するものと思われた.

著者

戸矢理衣奈著

出版者

講談社

巻号頁・発行日

2000

著者

棚原 慎也

出版者

日本神経回路学会

雑誌

日本神経回路学会誌

巻号頁・発行日

vol.25, no.1, pp.11-11, 2018

著者

青木 一雄

出版者

一般社団法人 日本農村医学会

雑誌

日本農村医学会雑誌

巻号頁・発行日

vol.66, no.6, 2018

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I would like to begin our discussion of rural medicine by considering rural medicine from the perspective of public health and hygiene and discuss the role of rural medicine as social medicine in relation to public health, referring to the views and efforts of doctors who worked to support the Japanese Association of Rural Medicine from its early days. The Japanese Association of Rural Medicine was founded in 1952 and the first president, Dr. Toshikazu Wakatsuki, consistently argued the need to unify treatment and prevention if we truly want to improve health and medical care for farmers in rural areas, but that conventional medicine has become highly specialized and lacks a comprehensive perspective. Dr. Wakatsuki stressed that addressing these problems requires actions from a social point of view to achieve integration of medical practice and recognition that rural medicine should be social medicine by definition. Even in those days, his argument underscored the fact that rural medicine was essentially public health. Also, his thinking clearly complied with the World Health Organization's definition of public health with minor modifications by, for example, replacing the original terms with more field-specific terms such as "communities" with "farming villages and rural areas", "residents" with occupational fields, and "workers" with "farmers". It has also been suggested that the essence of public health medicine is public health-minded professionals, as opposed to clinically-minded clinicians. Clinicians are primarily clinically and patient-oriented, while public health professionals are public health and population-oriented, focusing on communities and societies rather than on individual patients. These features of public health are also consistent with Dr. Wakatsuki's view of rural medicine. I firmly believe that Dr. Wakatsuki rightly acknowledged public health and hygiene as the origin of rural medicine. <br> As a second major topic, next we discuss how, in the midst of rapidly changing infrastructure and socioeconomic environments, the research findings, knowledge, and skills developed and accumulated by the pioneers in rural medicine can be effectively applied to advance rural medicine further. For this, we need to take a broader perspective and discard today's inter- and intra-regional disparities in health and medical care. We need to confirm the true purpose and fundamental role of rural medicine and apply information and communication technology (ICT) in the field of social welfare, including health, medical, and nursing care. It is expected that ICT will enable us take new quantum leaps forward, and it is not an overstatement that the use of ICT holds the key to addressing various problems simultaneously, such as the quantity of health, medical, and nursing care (e.g., regional disparities in medical resources including manpower and medical devices) and its quality (e.g., regional and inter-institutional disparities in medical technology). To address disparities in the quantity and quality of medical care, we need to overcome these various inter- and intra-organizational challenges through close co ordination between the government, companies, and medical institutions. As stated earlier, ICT is a major tool to more easily overcome these challenges, enabling data sharing between the government, hospitals and clinics, insurance providers, and individual healthcare professionals. The efficient and effective use of ICT in healthcare, medicine, and social welfare in farming villages and rural areas is expected to provide solutions to various problems associated with rural medicine in different fields, guiding us to the next chapter of rural medicine.

著者

安慶名 信也 金城 秀俊 真栄田 裕行 鈴木 幹男

出版者

日本内分泌外科学会・日本甲状腺外科学会

雑誌

日本内分泌・甲状腺外科学会雑誌

巻号頁・発行日

vol.35, no.1, pp.47-52, 2018

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<p>当科にて治療を行ったStageⅣの甲状腺進行癌に関して臨床的検討を行った。25例(男性14例,女性11例)あり,病理型は乳頭癌16例,濾胞癌1例,髄様癌1例,低分化癌1例,扁平上皮癌2例,未分化癌4例であった。乳頭癌はAMES分類において全例ハイリスク群の進行癌であり,根治手術を施行した。5年疾患特異的生存率は83.3%であった。扁平上皮癌と未分化癌症例は早期に原病死しており,全25例の5年粗生存率は48.4%と低かった。乳頭癌16例中9例で反回神経を切除し,4例で神経再建を施行した。再建例はいずれも良好な発声を維持できていた。反回神経非切除例の無病生存率は反回神経切除例より有意に高かった。甲状腺乳頭癌の反回神経浸潤例は遠隔転移のリスクが高いだけでなく,局所再発の指標となりうるため,十分な治癒切除と再発・転移の早期発見・治療が重要である。</p>

著者

知念 安紹 喜瀬 真雄 花城 和彦 吉田 朝秀 中西 浩一 青木 一雄

出版者

一般社団法人 日本農村医学会

雑誌

日本農村医学会雑誌

巻号頁・発行日

vol.66, no.6, 2018

著者

林 美鈴 神里 興太 照屋 孝二 渕上 竜也 垣花 学

出版者

日本蘇生学会

雑誌

蘇生: 日本蘇生学会雑誌

巻号頁・発行日

vol.37, no.1, pp.8-11, 2018

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<p>目的:内科敗血症性ショックに対しエンドトキシン吸着療法(PMX-DHP)を施行した症例を検討した。方法:過去5年間で当院ICUにおいてPMX-DHPを施行した内科患者を後方視的に検討した。結果:PMX-DHP導入の28日後死亡率は54%だった。CAI(catecholamine index)の改善は有意ではなかったが,CAIが改善した患者は28日死亡率が低かった。低心機能患者および,新規抗生剤開始からPMX-DHP導入まで1日以上経過した患者の死亡率が高かった。結論:内科敗血症性ショック患者にPMX-DHPを行っても死亡率は高いままだった。特にPMX-DHP導入が遅れた症例で死亡率が高かった。</p>

著者

三浦 正江 三浦 文華 岡安 孝弘

出版者

日本心理学会

雑誌

心理学研究 (ISSN:00215236)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.89, no.1, pp.104-110, 2018-04

著者

岩佐 和典 田中 恒彦 山田 祐樹

出版者

公益社団法人 日本心理学会

雑誌

心理学研究 (ISSN:00215236)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.89, no.1, pp.82-92, 2018

被引用文献数

6

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<p>The purpose of this study was to develop the Japanese version of the Disgust Scale-Revised (DS-R-J). The participants were 1063 Japanese people (mean age = 21.64, <i>SD</i> = 7.33, <i>range</i> = 18–77; 581 males and 482 females) and were separated into three different groups. Participants in samples 1 (<i>n</i> = 481) and 2 (<i>n</i> = 492) provided data for examining the factor structure and validity of the DS-R-J. They completed the DS-R-J as well as questionnaires assessing disgust propensity and sensitivity, anxiety sensitivity, state and trait anxiety, affective state, and obsessive-compulsive symptoms. Participants in sample 3 (<i>n</i> = 90) provided data for estimating the test–retest reliability of the DS-R-J. The exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses confirmed the three-factor structure involving core disgust, animal-reminder disgust, and physical and mental contamination disgust. Internal consistency and test–retest reliability were sufficient, and conceptual validity of the DS-R-J was also supported. The results show that the Japanese version of the DS-R-J is a reliable and valid measurement of disgust sensitivity.</p>

著者

嶋田 美和 遊間 義一

出版者

日本心理学会

雑誌

心理学研究 (ISSN:00215236)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.89, no.1, pp.71-81, 2018-04

著者

尾崎 幸謙

出版者

公益社団法人 日本心理学会

雑誌

心理学研究 (ISSN:00215236)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.89, no.1, pp.61-70, 2018

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<p>Short-version questionnaires are often used in psychological research dealing with constructs, because the number of questions that the respondent must answer can be reduced. However, because such questionnaires do not include all of the items of the original scale, it is questionable whether the results have sufficient validity. In this research, a separate-version questionnaire was introduced, which can reduce the number of items in the same way as a short-version questionnaire, but is expected to have a higher degree of validity. A statistical comparison was performed between a short-version questionnaire and the introduced separate-version questionnaire, both by simulation and using real data, where the analysis model was a confirmatory factor analysis. The simulation considered the situation where the data used in a scale development study were different for the short-version and separate-version questionnaires. The results showed that the separate-version questionnaire had smaller biases than the short-version questionnaire, which indicates the usefulness of the separate-version questionnaires.</p>

著者

蔵永 瞳 樋口 匡貴 福田 哲也

出版者

公益社団法人 日本心理学会

雑誌

心理学研究 (ISSN:00215236)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.89, no.1, pp.40-49, 2018

被引用文献数

2

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<p>The purpose of this study was to explain the psychological process of exhibiting prosocial behaviors after a person receives gratitude. The results of a preliminary survey indicated that psychological responses are organized into six categories for people who receive gratitude and five categories for those who do not receive it. Participants who participated in this study's two main surveys completed questionnaires measuring their psychological responses and prosocial behaviors after receiving or not receiving gratitude. Participants in Survey 1 recalled their experiences of receiving or not receiving gratitude from their friends after exhibiting prosocial behaviors, whereas Survey 2 participants recalled their experiences of receiving or not receiving gratitude from strangers. Regression analysis showed that among participants who received gratitude from others, the "affirmative responses to one's own behavior" promoted a wide variety of prosocial behaviors. Furthermore, a "desire to receive gratitude" promoted prosocial behaviors toward another person after not receiving gratitude.</p>

著者

宮崎 弦太 佐伯 大輔 矢田 尚也 池上 知子

出版者

公益社団法人 日本心理学会

雑誌

心理学研究 (ISSN:00215236)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.89, no.1, pp.50-60, 2018

被引用文献数

3

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<p>Previous findings regarding the effects of living in urban environments on residents' subjective well-being have been inconsistent. The present study developed a scale to measure the multifaceted nature of urban living environments and investigated the aspects of urban environments that enhance or reduce residents' life satisfaction. We conducted two online surveys in which adults living in urban or rural areas in Japan (1,000 participants for each survey) completed the Multifaceted Urban Living Environment Scale and the Life Satisfaction Scale. Results indicated that urban living environments are characterized by quality of facilities, life convenience, life unpleasantness, and easy accessibility to public transportation. Of importance, each of these aspects affected residents' life satisfaction differently. Specifically, the quality of facilities was positively associated with life satisfaction, whereas life convenience was negatively associated. However, life unpleasantness and easy accessibility to public transportation had no effect on life satisfaction. These results suggest that it is important to measure the multifaceted nature of urban living environments to gain a deeper understanding of the effects of urbanization on residents' subjective well-being.</p>

著者

西村 多久磨 福住 紀明 藤原 和政 河村 茂雄

出版者

公益社団法人 日本心理学会

雑誌

心理学研究 (ISSN:00215236)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.89, no.1, pp.29-39, 2018

被引用文献数

2

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<p>The present study investigated the longitudinal changes in social skills among junior high school students. A total of 505 students (boys = 266, girls = 239) participated in a questionnaire survey every year from the first to third year of junior high school. The results of latent growth curve model indicated a decrease in <i>kakawari</i> skills consisting of assertion and developing relationships with peers, and an increase in <i>hairyo</i> skills consisting of compassion and maintaining relationships with peers. The model also revealed a positive relation between longitudinal changes in <i>kakawari</i> and <i>hairyo</i> skills. However, the results of growth mixture model extracted a profile characterized by increase in both skills and another profile characterized by a decrease in <i>kakawari</i> skills only. Considering the estimated mean level and changes of both skills, we found a widening gap in social skills among students. Furthermore, multi-group analysis for the growth mixture model indicated a sex-based difference in the changes. Overall, educational practices to facilitate <i>kakawari</i> skills are necessary for junior high school students, particularly for girls.</p>

著者

田戸岡 好香 樋口 収 唐沢 かおり

出版者

公益社団法人 日本心理学会

雑誌

心理学研究 (ISSN:00215236)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.89, no.1, pp.22-28, 2018

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<p>This study investigated the consequences of suppressing negative thoughts about the food products. Consumers are still concerned about food safety after the Great East Japan Earthquake. Given that attempting to suppress stereotypical thoughts ironically leads to increased stereotype accessibility and use (rebound effect), this may be one of the reasons for continued concern. Participants were asked to describe their impressions about food coming from the disaster area. Half were instructed to suppress any negative impressions in their descriptions, whereas the other half did not receive this instruction. Participants then rated another food product from the same area. The results indicated that among participants with a low perceived vulnerability to disease, the group that was asked to suppress any negative thoughts rated the food more negatively than participants in the control group. However, among participants with a high perceived vulnerability to disease, there was no difference between the two groups because their negative impressions were likely readily accessible. We discuss the necessity of investigating a resolution for reputational damage in terms of suppression.</p>

著者

山本 真菜 岡 隆

出版者

公益社団法人 日本心理学会

雑誌

心理学研究 (ISSN:00215236)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.89, no.1, pp.12-21, 2018

被引用文献数

1

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<p>Suppressing stereotypic thoughts leads to paradoxical effects (i.e. suppressing a stereotype facilitates the use of the stereotype itself). Recent research on paradoxical effects in stereotype suppression has demonstrated that replacement thoughts decrease its paradoxical effects. This study examined the effectiveness of female counterstereotypes, major non-dominant female stereotypes, and minor non-dominant female stereotypes as replacement thoughts in suppressing dominant female stereotypes. In a lexical decision task, the participants were primed with either female counter-stereotypes, major non-dominant female stereotypes, minor non-dominant female stereotypes, or non-human objects, and thus they were likely to use those that were activated as replacement thoughts. Next, they were given a sentence-stem completion task that served as a manipulation of female stereotype suppression. Finally, they were given another lexical decision task and the response latencies of the stereotypic vs. non-stereotypic words were recorded. The results indicated that regardless of major or minor nondominant female stereotypes as replacement thoughts decreased the paradoxical effects of suppressing dominant female stereotypes. We discussed the way of activation of replacement thoughts and the role of non-dominant stereotypes as replacement thoughts in suppressing dominant stereotypes.</p>

著者

柳田 宗孝 荒井 崇史 藤 桂

出版者

日本心理学会

雑誌

心理学研究 (ISSN:00215236)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.89, no.1, pp.1-11, 2018-04

巻号頁・発行日

vol.第1冊, 1000

著者

竹井 真理 柳田 紀之 佐藤 さくら 海老澤 元宏

出版者

日本小児アレルギー学会

雑誌

日本小児アレルギー学会誌 (ISSN:09142649)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.32, no.1, pp.22-26, 2018 (Released:2018-03-31)

参考文献数

16

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2008年に二重抗原曝露仮説が提唱され, 抗原に対する感作経路および食物アレルギー発症経路として炎症のある皮膚面, つまり湿疹の存在が重要視されるようになった. 乳児期の湿疹・アトピー性皮膚炎の存在は食物アレルギー発症のリスク因子であることはすでに報告されている. われわれが行った乳児湿疹を認める生後1か月児のコホート研究の中間解析結果からは, 乳児期早期発症の湿疹は食物アレルギー発症のリスク因子であり, 特に持続する湿疹病変, 皮膚バリア機能異常の存在が食物アレルギー発症にかかわる重要な因子であることが示唆された. 皮膚バリア機能を念頭においた乳児の湿疹に対する早期介入が食物アレルギーの発症予防につながる可能性が示唆されるが, 今後の前向き研究での検証が期待される. また湿疹病変がなくても食物アレルギーを発症している児がいることは事実であり, 感作経路や発症経路の解明も含め, まだ検討されるべき課題は多い.

著者

柳田 優子

出版者

筑波大学現代語文化学系

雑誌

言語文化論集 (ISSN:03867765)

巻号頁・発行日

no.64, pp.19-40, 2003

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上代語の格序詞「が・を」の研究は日本語の句構造の変化を知る上で重要なテーマであるが、伝統文法の枠組みでは「が・を」を個別に調査分析している為、句構造の特徴について正確な情報を得ることができない。そこで、本研究では ...