著者

備前 宏紀 木村 大介 村松 歩 山本 祐輔 原地 絢斗 水野(松本) 由子

出版者

一般社団法人 日本作業療法士協会

雑誌

作業療法 (ISSN:02894920)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.42, no.3, pp.270-278, 2023-06-15 (Released:2023-06-15)

参考文献数

32

---

単一脳領域と脳内ネットワークの2つの視点から,運動学習過程における脳機能変化と運動学習の遅速の違いによる脳機能変化の差異を解明し,運動学習を作業療法に応用するための基礎資料を得ることを目的に,賦活量と媒介中心性を運動学習前後で比較検討した.その結果,運動学習後に右背外側前頭前野,左前頭眼窩,左右前頭極の賦活量は減少し,左背外側前頭前野の媒介中心性は上昇した.また,運動学習の遅速による脳機能変化の差異では,右背外側前頭前野の媒介中心性の変化に違いを認めた.これらの領域をモニタリングすることは,作業療法の実践歴に加え脳機能の観点からも,対象者に合わせた作業療法介入を検討する上での基礎資料になりうる.

著者

丸山 和容 腰原 なおみ

出版者

公益社団法人 日本薬理学会

雑誌

日本薬理学雑誌 (ISSN:00155691)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.127, no.5, pp.399-407, 2006 (Released:2006-07-01)

参考文献数

27

被引用文献数

7 5

---

塩酸ピロカルピン(販売名:サラジェン®錠5 mg)は,ムスカリンアゴニストとして作用を示す副交感神経刺激薬であり,強力な唾液分泌促進作用を有する口腔乾燥症状改善薬である.塩酸ピロカルピンは各ムスカリン受容体サブタイプ(M1,M2およびM3)に対し高い親和性を示したが,ニコチン受容体への親和性は明らかに低かった.ラット摘出唾液腺灌流標本において,塩酸ピロカルピンは濃度依存的な唾液分泌促進作用を示し,その作用はアトロピンにより著明に抑制された.さらに,塩酸ピロカルピンによる唾液分泌促進作用はムスカリンM3受容体遮断薬である4-DAMPにより強く抑制されたことから,本薬の唾液分泌作用にはムスカリンM3受容体の関与が示唆された.正常動物において,本薬は耳下腺または顎下・舌下腺からの唾液分泌を用量依存的に促進した.そして,頭頸部への放射線照射により作製した口腔乾燥症モデルラットにおいても本薬は用量依存的な唾液分泌促進作用を示し,唾液量の増加とともにその成分であるアミラーゼおよびタンパク分泌量も増加させた.国内臨床試験において,頭頸部悪性腫瘍に対する放射線治療後の口腔乾燥症患者で,口腔乾燥感の重症度VASスコアにおいて有意な改善が認められた.また,口腔乾燥症による日常生活の障害度の評価においても有意な改善効果が認められた.さらに,長期投与における安全性および有効性が確認された.以上,基礎および臨床試験成績より,塩酸ピロカルピンは放射線治療後の口腔乾燥症の諸症状に対して高い改善効果を示し,患者のQOLの向上が期待される有用な薬剤であると考えられた.

著者

齋藤 慎之介 和三 史弥 梶並 知記

出版者

一般社団法人 日本デジタルゲーム学会

雑誌

日本デジタルゲーム学会 年次大会 予稿集 第13回 年次大会 (ISSN:27586480)

巻号頁・発行日

pp.29-34, 2023 (Released:2023-03-30)

参考文献数

7

---

本稿では,ガンダムアクションゲームを対象とした,試合中の任意時間帯における優劣を可視化する振り返り支援インタフェースを提案する.対象ゲームは,味方プレイヤと連携しながら戦うゲームであるが,試合後に味方との連携に関連する要素を考慮した振り返りを行うことが難しい.本稿では,味方との連携に関係する4 つの要素に着目して,試合の優劣を判定し,優劣の度合いを可視化する.評価実験を通して提案システムの有効性を示す.

著者

楊 昊軒 貝沼 重信 鈴木 啓介 楊 沐野 豊田 雄介

出版者

公益社団法人 土木学会

雑誌

土木学会論文集 (ISSN:24366021)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.79, no.6, pp.22-00288, 2023 (Released:2023-06-20)

参考文献数

27

---

鋼道路橋において,溶射皮膜上に塗装が塗布され,重ね皮膜になる場合があるが,その重ね皮膜の耐久・防食特性については不明な点が多い.そこで,本研究ではAlとZnの溶射と重防食塗装の重ね皮膜部の耐久・防食特性を解明するために,クロスカット傷を導入した溶射単膜,および溶射と塗装の重ね皮膜部を有する鋼板試験体を用いて複合サイクル腐食促進試験を行った.また,重ね皮膜部の膨れ性状の測定,分極特性などの電気化学測定,SEM-EDXによる断面元素分析およびXRDによる生成物の同定分析を実施した.これらの結果から,溶射と塗装の重ね皮膜では,Al溶射の重ね皮膜がZn溶射に比べて早期に劣化し,耐久性が低下することなどを明らかにした.また,塩類に曝される腐食性の高い環境におけるAlとZnの溶射と塗装の重ね皮膜の劣化機構を示した.

著者

Ayu Kasamatsu Kazuhiko Kanou Munehisa Fukusumi Yuzo Arima Shun Omori Haruna Nakamura Tetsuro Sato Yusuke Serizawa Asuka Takeda Hiroyuki Fujikura Chiaki Ikenoue Shingo Nishiki Yoshihiro Fujiya Takeshi Arashiro Takuri Takahashi Tomoe Shimada Motoi Suzuki Tomimasa Sunagawa

出版者

Japan Epidemiological Association

雑誌

Journal of Epidemiology (ISSN:09175040)

巻号頁・発行日

pp.JE20230025, (Released:2023-06-17)

参考文献数

21

---

Background: Little is known about the trends of imported infectious diseases among travelers to non-endemic countries during the COVID-19 pandemic. This article aimed to describe those among travelers to Japan.Methods: This is a descriptive study based on national surveillance data. Imported infectious disease cases were defined as those with a reported overseas source of infection among 15 diseases pre-selected based on the probability and impact of importation. The number of notified cases from April 2016 to March 2021 were described by disease and time of diagnosis. The relative ratio and absolute difference in case counts—both by number and per arrival—were calculated by disease comparing those from the pandemic period (April 2020–March 2021) to the pre-pandemic period (April 2016–March 2020).Results: A total of 3524 imported infectious disease cases were diagnosed during the study period, including 3439 cases before and 85 cases during the pandemic. The proportionate distribution of diseases changed but notification counts of all 15 diseases decreased during the pandemic. Accounting for arrivals, however, seven diseases showed a two-fold or greater increase, with a notable absolute increase per million arrivals for amebiasis (60.1; 95%CI, 41.5–78.7), malaria (21.7; 10.5–33.0), and typhoid fever (9.3; 1.9–16.8).Conclusion: The epidemiology of imported infectious diseases changed during the pandemic. While the number of imported infectious disease cases decreased, the number of cases per arrivals increased considerably both in relative and absolute terms for several diseases of public health and clinical importance.

著者

乘本 秀樹 Hideki NORIMOTO

出版者

三重大学教育学部

雑誌

三重大学教育学部研究紀要, 自然科学・人文科学・社会科学・教育科学 (ISSN:18802419)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.64, pp.159-167, 2013-03-31

---

The author previously reported various types of meanings of the things developing in daily consumption life. In this paper, one more type has been found, on the basis of the implications from the actions of kinder garten children. Through the addition of a meaning type, the understanding of human life will be more deepened.

著者

Lipeng Zheng Fumitaka Abe Mariko Nonogaki Yuri Kanno Mitsunori Seo Hiroyuki Nonogaki Naoto Kawakami

出版者

Japanese Society for Plant Biotechnology

雑誌

Plant Biotechnology (ISSN:13424580)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.40, no.1, pp.31-41, 2023-03-25 (Released:2023-03-25)

参考文献数

62

被引用文献数

1

---

Pre-harvest sprouting of cereals greatly reduces yield and quality of the grains. Abscisic acid (ABA) is an essential phytohormone for the induction and maintenance of seed dormancy. In this study, the ABA responsive promoter-driven ABA biosynthesis gene system was introduced to common wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) to enhance ABA production in the embryos and pre-harvest sprouting tolerance of the grains. This system consists of a wheat ABA responsive element containing Early-Methionine-labelled (EM) promoter and a sorghum 9-cis-epoxycarotenoid dioxygenase (SbNCED) gene which encodes an ABA biosynthesis rate-limiting enzyme. Twenty-three independent single-insertion lines were obtained, from which five homozygous lines showing various SbNCED expression levels were selected. Correlations were observed between SbNCED expression, ABA accumulation in the embryos and enhanced dormancy levels of the grains. The engineered wheat grains exhibited a few day-delay in germination, which should be effective in reducing pre-harvest sprouting damage. However, the increase in ABA levels in the recombinant grains was moderate, which explains why germination was not completely suppressed. Further analysis indicated a concomitant increase in the expression of the ABA catabolic enzyme gene TaABA8′OH1 and in the levels of isoleucine-conjugated jasmonic acid, implying the presence of possible negative feedback regulation in the innate system, which should be overcome for future technology development. These findings advance an understanding of the regulatory mechanisms of hormone metabolism in seeds and facilitate the development of pre-harvest sprouting tolerance in cereal grains.

著者

Yongzhi Niu Chengjing Wang Wenlong Suo Guoping Wang Jia Zhao Zhoufei Wang Yunye Zheng

出版者

Japanese Society for Plant Biotechnology

雑誌

Plant Biotechnology (ISSN:13424580)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.40, no.1, pp.43-49, 2023-03-25 (Released:2023-03-25)

参考文献数

22

---

Seed vigor is an important trait for tobacco production. However, the evaluation of seed vigor using molecular biomarkers is scarcely reported in tobacco. In this study, the development of molecular marker isopropylmalate synthase NtIPMS was conducted to detect seed ageing degree and seed priming effect in tobacco. Quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR) analysis showed that the expression of NtIPMS was significantly induced at the initial imbibition stage during seed germination. The NtIPMS expression was positively correlated with the degree of seed ageing in non-pelleted and pelleted seeds. The mRNA level of NtIPMS was gradually increased with the increasing degree of seed ageing. The early best effect of gibberellin priming was observed in 30-h primed seeds, and the highest expression of NtIPMS was observed in 12-h primed seeds. The best stop time-point of seed priming is likely at the time 18 h after the relatively higher NtIPMS expression occurred during seed priming process. The NtIPMS mRNA detection has the potential usage as a potential molecular marker for the evaluation of seed vigor in tobacco.

著者

Nazmul Hasan Naoki Tokuhara Takayuki Noda Nobuhiro Kotoda

出版者

Japanese Society for Plant Biotechnology

雑誌

Plant Biotechnology (ISSN:13424580)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.40, no.1, pp.51-62, 2023-03-25 (Released:2023-03-25)

参考文献数

66

---

Shortening the juvenility is a burning issue in breeding fruit trees such as Satsuma mandarin (Citrus unshiu Marc.). Decreasing the breeding period requires a comprehensive understanding of the flowering process in woody plants. Throughout the Arabidopsis flowering system, FLOWERING LOCUS T (FT) interacts with other transcription factors (TFs) and functions as a transmissible floral inducer. In a previous study, a VASCULAR PLANT ONE-ZINC FINGER1 (VOZ1)-like TF from the Satsuma mandarin, CuVOZ1, showed protein–protein interaction with two citrus FTs in a yeast two-hybrid (Y2H) system and precocious flowering in Arabidopsis. In this study, another VOZ, CuVOZ2, was isolated from the Satsuma mandarin ‘Aoshima’ and protein–protein interaction was confirmed between CuVOZ2 and CuFTs. No apical meristem (NAM) and zinc coordination motifs were identified within the N-terminal of CuVOZ2. Docking simulation predicted that interactions between CuVOZ2 and CuFTs might occur in domain B of CuVOZ2, which contains a zinc finger motif. According to docking predictions, the distances between the amino acid residues involved ranged from 1.09 to 4.37 Å, indicating weak Van der Waals forces in the interaction. Cys216, Cys221, Cys235, and His239 in CuVOZ2 were suggested to bond with a Zn2+ in the Zn coordination motif. Ectopic expression of 35SΩ:CuVOZ2 in Arabidopsis affected the flowering time, length of inflorescence and internode, and number of siliques, suggesting that CuVOZ2 might regulate both vegetative and reproductive development, act as a trigger for early flowering, and be involved in the elongation of inflorescence possibly in a slightly different way than CuVOZ1.

著者

德丸 晋虫 静川 幸明

出版者

日本応用動物昆虫学会

雑誌

日本応用動物昆虫学会誌 (ISSN:00214914)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.67, no.2, pp.53-56, 2023-05-25 (Released:2023-06-16)

参考文献数

24

---

To evaluate the dietary antioxidant content of insects, we analyzed the hydrophilic oxygen radical absorbance capacity(H-ORAC) of silkworms(Bombyx mori Linnaeus), and rice grasshoppers(Oxya yezoensis Shiraki), which have been used as edible insects in Japan for many years, and Japanese buff-tip moths, Phalera flavescens(Bremer et Grey), which feed on cherry blossom tree leaves. Among these three insects, the H-ORAC value was highest(7455±185 µmol Trolox eq./100 g FW)in O. yezoensis adults, followed by B. mori pupae(4417.5±270.1), B. mori larvae(4280±189.1), and P. flavescens larvae(4112.5±409.4). The H-ORAC of all three insect species were more than twice those of most fresh vegetables, suggesting high antioxidant potential.

著者

大貫 良夫 Yoshio Onuki

出版者

国立民族学博物館

雑誌

国立民族学博物館研究報告 = Bulletin of the National Museum of Ethnology (ISSN:0385180X)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.3, no.4, pp.709-733, 1979-03-30

---

Murra's study, published in 1972, on the nature of environmentalexploitation among the Central Andean highlanders haselicited considerable interest in the cultural ecology of the Andesin an attempt to clarify the notion of "vertical control". Thisarticle (1) outlines the classification of natural or ecological zonesmost relevant to human life; (2) considers several cases of "verticalcontrol"; (3) analyzes, in a historical perspective, some tentativetypes of environmental exploitation; and (4) indicates some problemsfor future study.Although more individual case studies_are needed for a-precisediscussion, Brush has postulated three types for "vertical control",or "the manifold exploitation of multiple ecological zones", of theAndean Highlands. It is suggested here that a fourth type, "thespecialized type", may exist. In this type at least two differentethnic groups occupy different ecological zones, each devotingthemselves to the exploitation of natural resources of their particularzone of occupancy and exchanging specialized products.It should also be noted, that the four types, together with otherswhich may exist, are the products of historical conditions as wellas local circumstances, as is illustrated by the case of theChaupiwaranga, or the Huaris and the Llacuaces. However, itseems generally apparent that in the Central Andes there firstexisted the compressed type of exploitation, whereby each householdsought to maintain economic self-sufficiency, and that later whenthis became impossible, it was replaced by economic self-sufficiency on the community level, and a variety of exploitative types appeared.Where even this was difficult or impossible the specialized type wasfavored.Apart from the accumulation of precise data on individualcases, some of the tasks remaining are to clarify the local and historicalsituations that caused a shift from one type to another, and torelate types of vertical. control to various aspects or specific featuresof a given society and culture. It is also of great significance torelate such kinds of economic behavior to a people's system ofsymbols or cosmology, for the historical and present day basic unityof the cultures of the Central Andes may depend on the sharing ofthe essential nature of the system of symbols.

著者

清水 則夫

出版者

日本思想史研究会

雑誌

年報日本思想史 (ISSN:13472992)

巻号頁・発行日

no.8, pp.24-39, 2009-03-25

著者

辻 英明

出版者

日本ペストロジー学会

雑誌

ペストロジー (ISSN:18803415)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.35, no.1, pp.15-17, 2020-03-25 (Released:2021-03-12)

参考文献数

4

被引用文献数

1

---

現場で粘着捕獲された幼虫など,頭幅測定の手間をかけることは困難で,大型,中型,小型,などの記載ですますケースが多い.なるべく齢期やその範囲を推定したいので,頭幅測定せずに判断することをクロゴキブリで試みた.体色や斑紋のパターンは若齢の判断に特に有効であった.前胸背板の幅は安定しており,不安定な体長による判断の補正に役立った.触角の根元に近い白色あるいは淡色部分の状況や有無の判断も有効であった.

著者

荒谷 明日兒

出版者

一般財団法人 林業経済研究所

雑誌

林業経済 (ISSN:03888614)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.65, no.10, pp.1, 2013-01-20 (Released:2017-05-15)

被引用文献数

1

著者

Mi Sang Lim Sun Hee Choi

出版者

The Japanese Society for Horticultural Science

雑誌

The Horticulture Journal (ISSN:21890102)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.87, no.1, pp.132-139, 2018 (Released:2018-02-06)

参考文献数

24

被引用文献数

1 2

---

The genetic diversity and relationships among plants belonging to the subfamily Sedoideae (Crassulaceae), some of which are indigenous to Korea or introduced from other countries, were determined using chloroplast (cp) nucleotide sequence analysis. To analyze genetic diversity and variation among 19 plants including species belonging to Sedum, Hylotelephium, and Phedimus, the tRNA-Leucine gene (trnL [UAA]) and adjoining spacer in chloroplast DNA (cpDNA) were sequenced and compared across species. Species were divided into two main groups based on the cpDNA sequence comparison. The generated phylogeny indicated that many native Sedum species had diverged from S. album. Members of the Phedimus and Hylotelephium species, and several Sedum species analyzed here, clustered distinctively in different groups. Using cpDNA sequence analysis, we successfully discriminated Sedoideae plants cultivated in Korea from each other, even at the intraspecific level, and the results were reflective of the morphological and biogeographical characteristics. These findings could be useful for classifying samples for proper naming, choosing breeding materials for new cultivars, or identifying species for conservation of horticultural crop resources.

著者

Thein LIN Shizuka NOMURA Suzuka SOMENO Takahiro ABE Miyuki NISHIYAMA Shunya SHIKI Hayato HARIMA Kanako ISHIHARA

出版者

JAPANESE SOCIETY OF VETERINARY SCIENCE

雑誌

Journal of Veterinary Medical Science (ISSN:09167250)

巻号頁・発行日

pp.23-0135, (Released:2023-06-20)

---

We focused on streptomycin resistance because of the high percentage of streptomycin-resistant Escherichia coli concerning the amount used of streptomycin. Antimicrobial resistance and horizontal transfer were identified in 117 isolates of coliform bacteria from chicken meat to identify the factors that increase streptomycin resistance. Escherichia (45 isolates) was the predominant genus. Most streptomycin-resistant Escherichia isolates were resistant to other antimicrobials (17/18), suggesting that using various antimicrobials could select streptomycin-resistant Escherichia isolates. Resistance was transferred from 7 out of the 18 streptomycin-resistant isolates. The transconjugants acquired strA/strB (7/7), blaTEM (5/7), aphA1 (5/7), tetB (3/7), dfrA14 (1/7) and/or dfrA17 (1/7). The co-resistance of streptomycin resistance with other resistances would also increase streptomycin resistance.

著者

笹本 裕子

出版者

公益社団法人 日本心理学会

雑誌

日本心理学会大会発表論文集 日本心理学会第82回大会 (ISSN:24337609)

巻号頁・発行日

pp.3AM-016, 2018-09-25 (Released:2019-07-19)

著者

巽 好幸 後藤 篤 須藤 章

出版者

特定非営利活動法人 日本火山学会

雑誌

日本火山学会講演予稿集 1988.2 (ISSN:24335320)

巻号頁・発行日

pp.80, 1988-11-29 (Released:2017-02-10)

著者

前澤輝政著

出版者

随想舎

巻号頁・発行日

2017

著者

進藤 智彦 安田 聡 下川 宏明

出版者

日本脈管学会

雑誌

脈管学 (ISSN:03871126)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.61, no.12, pp.131-137, 2021-12-10 (Released:2021-12-10)

参考文献数

46

---

世界的な高齢化の進展とともに,さまざまな合併症を有する心血管病患者は増加の一途を辿っている。近年,生体において音波の繰り返し刺激が血管内皮細胞を伸展させ,内皮型一酸化窒素合成酵素や血管増殖因子の発現を誘導させることがわかってきた。これを応用し,われわれは音波を用いた低侵襲性血管新生療法を開発し,基礎・臨床の両面で研究を進めてきた。本稿では,音波を用いた血管新生治療の開発について概説する。