著者

坂下 寛悟 根本 雄一 野嶋 義教

出版者

公益社団法人 日本水道協会

雑誌

全国会議(水道研究発表会)講演集 令和2年度水道研究発表会講演集 (ISSN:24361496)

巻号頁・発行日

pp.210-211, 2020 (Released:2021-10-31)

著者

黒田 清彦

出版者

南山大学法学会

雑誌

南山法学 = Nanzan Law Review (ISSN:03871592)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.3, no.1, pp.135-194, 1979-05-20

著者

会田 薫子

出版者

一般社団法人 日本在宅救急医学会

雑誌

日本在宅救急医学会誌 (ISSN:2436066X)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.4, no.1, pp.31-37, 2020-12-31 (Released:2021-07-20)

参考文献数

11

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臨床現場における治療やケアに関する意思決定のあり方は、パターナリズムから患者の自己決定、そして共同 意思決定へと変遷してきた。本人の意思の尊重を中心に据えつつ、本人だけに意思決定の役目を負わせずに、本人にとっての最善を実現するために、家族や医療・ケア従事者も情報を共有しながら一緒に考え、悩ましい場面も共有して意思決定する共同意思決定が現代の標準とされるようになった。共同意思決定においては、可能な限り医学的証拠vidence)を土台として治療法の選択肢をあげきり、本人の生活と人生の物語り(narrative)の視点でもっとも適切な選択肢を見出す。こうした考え方は、本人が意思決定困難となる人生の最終段階における医療とケアのための事前の備えのあり方にも影響を及ぼしている。患者の自己決定の時代に考案された事前指示の不足を補い、対話のプロセスを重視するadvance care planning(ACP)が発展してきたのである。在宅医療は本人が家族らと人生の物語りを紡いでいる場所で行われており、ACP の実践の舞台として最適といえる。ACP を適切に行うと、それは家族ケアにもなり、また、医療・ケア従事者の仕事満足度の向上にもつながる。

著者

田原 英一 新谷 卓弘 森山 健三 中尾 紀久世 久保 道徳 斉藤 大直 荒川 龍夫 寺澤 捷年

出版者

The Japan Society for Oriental Medicine

雑誌

日本東洋医学雑誌 (ISSN:02874857)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.54, no.5, pp.957-961, 2003-09-20 (Released:2010-03-12)

参考文献数

8

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療養型病床群における高齢者の性的逸脱行動に桂枝加竜骨牡蛎湯が有効であった2例を報告する。症例1は71歳男性で, 前立腺肥大症の術後リハビリテーション目的で入院となった。入院後まもなくから自慰行動が出現し, 他の女性入院患者や介護職員が不快感を訴えるようになった。桂枝加竜骨牡蛎湯を投与したところ自慰行動は消失した。症例2は90歳男性で, 脳梗塞のリハビリテーションのために入院となった。入院後半年ほどして卑猥な言葉を言ったり, 他の女性患者の体を触るようになった。桂枝加竜骨牡蛎湯を投与したところ, 性的逸脱行動は軽減した。桂枝加竜骨牡蛎湯は痴呆による高齢者の性的逸脱行動に有効な治療法となると示唆される。

著者

早瀬 良 坂田 桐子 高口 央

出版者

日本グループ・ダイナミックス学会

雑誌

実験社会心理学研究 (ISSN:03877973)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.50, no.2, pp.135-147, 2011 (Released:2011-03-08)

参考文献数

47

被引用文献数

2 1

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医療機関では,安全で質の高い医療サービスの提供が求められている。そのためには,医療機関のスタッフが,職種の異なるスタッフと協力することや,自発的に役割外行動に従事することが不可欠である。本研究の目的は,社会的アイデンティティ理論に基づき,看護師が安全で質の高いサービスを提供する心理過程について検討することである。調査対象者は看護職者217名であった。分析の結果,以下のことが示された。(1)自分の職種に誇りを感じることと同僚から尊重されることの両方が職種アイデンティティを増加させ,職種アイデンティティは協力行動を増加させた。(2)また,同僚から尊重されていることは役割外協力行動を増加させた。(3)さらに,職種アイデンティティは職種間協力行動を増加させ,病院アイデンティティは病院への定着意志を増加させた。以上の結果から,安全で質の高いサービスを提供するためには,看護師が職種と病院の両方に同一視することが有益である可能性が示唆された。

著者

中村 憲三

出版者

公益財団法人 日本醸造協会

雑誌

日本釀造協會雜誌 (ISSN:0369416X)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.57, no.10, pp.877-879, 1962-09-15 (Released:2011-11-04)

著者

Hon-Kan Yip Pei-wen Wang Li-Teh Chang Ali A. Youssef Jiunn-Jye Sheu Fan-Yen Lee Chiung-Jen Wu

出版者

The Japanese Circulation Society

雑誌

Circulation Journal (ISSN:13469843)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.71, no.8, pp.1213-1218, 2007 (Released:2007-07-25)

参考文献数

43

被引用文献数

8 9

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Background Cytotoxic T lymphocyte antigen 4 (CTLA-4) is a particularly important molecule in down-regulating T-cell expansion and cytokine production. The purpose of the present study was to determine the frequency distribution of an A/G single nucleotide polymorphism at position 49 in exon 1 of the CTLA-4 gene, which may be a functional related-genetic risk marker for the development of ST-segment elevation (ST-se) acute myocardial infarction (AMI). Methods and Results A total of 503 consecutive patients, consisting of 250 ST-se AMI patients undergoing primary coronary angioplasty (group 1), 203 angina pectoris patients undergoing elective coronary angioplasty (group 2) and 50 patients with chest pain and normal coronary angiographic findings (group 3), were enrolled in the present study. The frequency of the G/G genotype was significantly higher in group 1 (53.2%) than in groups 2 (33.0%) and 3 (36.0%) (p=0.0005). In group 1, patients with a G/G genotype had significantly higher levels of high-sensitivity C-reactive protein and white blood cell counts, and much higher incidences of multi-vessel disease, greater lesion lengths, advanced congestive heart failure (≥ class 3) and 30-day mortality, than patients with G/A or A/A genotypes (p values<0.05 in all cases). Multivariate analysis of the enrolled baseline variables (age, gender, diabetes mellitus, smoking, hypertension and hypercholesterolemia) and the genotypes (G/G, A/G and A/A) demonstrated that G/G genotype is the only independent predictor of development of AMI (p<0.0001). Conclusion The G/G genotype polymorphism of the CTLA-4 gene is associated with increased risk of AMI. (Circ J 2007; 71: 1213 - 1218)

著者

福島 紀子 松本 佳代子 山崎 恒義

出版者

公益社団法人 日本薬学会

雑誌

ファルマシア (ISSN:00148601)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.39, no.12, pp.1187-1191, 2003-12-01 (Released:2018-08-26)

参考文献数

3

被引用文献数

1

著者

田中 勝博 土田 恭史 今野 裕之 丹 明彦 赤坂 澄香

雑誌

目白大学心理学研究 = Mejiro journal of psychology (ISSN:13497103)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.(8), pp.1-14, 2012

著者

山野 貴史 宮城 司道 樋口 仁美 梅崎 俊郎 中川 尚志

出版者

耳鼻と臨床会

雑誌

耳鼻と臨床 (ISSN:04477227)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.56, no.5, pp.206-211, 2010 (Released:2011-09-01)

参考文献数

11

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気管内挿管による合併症の一つである披裂軟骨脱臼を診断する上で喉頭ストロボスコピー、喉頭 3D-CT が有用であった。当科での症例は全 6 例すべてが前方脱臼であり、新鮮例では喉頭直達鏡下整復術、陳旧例では音声治療を行うことにより良好な成績を上げることができた。また、受傷後できるだけ早い時期に対応できるように他科医師にも当疾患について積極的な啓蒙が必要と考えた。

著者

鈴川 佳吾 鈴木 光也

出版者

耳鼻咽喉科臨床学会

雑誌

耳鼻咽喉科臨床 (ISSN:00326313)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.96, no.5, pp.435-439, 2003-05-01 (Released:2011-10-07)

参考文献数

13

被引用文献数

3 1

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We report a case of arytenoid dislocation, which may have been caused by endotracheal intubation.A 44-year-old man underwent surgery for middle ear cholesteatoma under general anesthesia with endotracheal intubation. The intubation was performed with no difficulty, but at the end of the operation the patient moved strongly before extubation. Postoperatively, he presented hoarseness. Fiberscopic study revealed immobility of the right vocal cord but normal mobility of right arytenoid cartilage, suggesting that the right crico-arytenoid joint may have been dislocated. After two weeks, there was no improvement, and we performed closed reduction. Immediately after fixation with laryngomicrosurgery, there was neither improvement of voice nor mobility of right vocal cord. After he started voice therapy, his voice began to improve, three weeks after the last surgery. Four weeks later, fiberscopic examination showed almost normal mobility of the right vocal cord.From the literature review, we concluded that closed reductions should be performed as soon as possible after such an incident.

著者

シュラトフ ヤロスラブ

出版者

北海道大学スラブ・ユーラシア研究センター

雑誌

スラヴ研究 (ISSN:05626579)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.67, pp.59-81, 2020-07-16

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Sakhalin occupies a special place in the history of relations between Russia and Japan. Depending on the times, the island has been a battlefield or a place for cooperation; the rivalry over Sakhalin was often an agenda-setting factor for bilateral relations. The island could be set as a sort of “crossroad,” where Russia and Japan interacted variously; a “mirror,” reflecting the condition of Russo-Japanese contact. The situation over Sakhalin was particularly dynamic in the first half of the twentieth century. The island became the last battlefield in the Russo-Japanese War, and then the final crucial problem at the peace conference. According to the Portsmouth Peace Treaty, Sakhalin was divided between the two empires, which created a precedent of revising the Russo-Japanese borderline with military force?since 1905, it has been changed only by wars. Still, the demarcation of a new border took place in a peaceful atmosphere, symbolizing the cooperative trend in the bilateral relations after the war. The situation seemed to have been resolved. Yet the collapse of the Russian Empire in 1917 rendered Sakhalin the subject of Russo-Japanese bargaining again. Then, with the outbreak of civil war in Russia, Japan took an active part in intervention, deploying the largest contingent of troops to Siberia and the Far East. The center of Sakhalin Oblast, Nikolaevsk, was occupied by Japanese troops in 1918. After the clashes with partisans and annihilation of the Japanese garrison and its inhabitants in 1920 (the “Nikolaevsk Incident”), Japan occupied Northern Sakhalin, making it the hostage of settlement with Russia. After the USSR was established and Soviet-Japanese negotiations launched officially, Sakhalin became the key problem, particularly at the final stage. After reaching a compromise on this issue, the Peking Convention was signed in 1925. A new “Soviet” Russia repossessed Northern Sakhalin, and the USSR was officially acknowledged by Japan, which carved out concession rights for Sakhalin oil and coal, effective until 1944. These events became the subject of attention by many prominent scholars, including John Stephan, Teruyuki Hara, Takashi Murakami, Naoki Amano, etc. However, mostly due to lack of archival sources, the period of 1917-1922 remains insufficiently researched, particularly from the viewpoint of diplomatic history. What place did Sakhalin occupy in the negotiations between Japan and its Russian counter-partners, especially given the enormous dynamics of changes and diversity of political actors involved? This article analyzes the role and evolution of the Sakhalin issue in Russo-Japanese relations after the collapse of the Russian Empire in February 1917 to the establishing of the USSR in late 1922. The author conducts multi-archival research and examines the position of the provisional government, the Kolchak administration, Russian military circles, and local authorities, as well as the Bolsheviks and Soviet officials in Moscow and the Far East, providing analysis of the complicated “mosaic” over Sakhalin in Russo/Soviet relations during the abovementioned period. The article uses various declassified files mostly from Russian archives (AVP RI, AFP RF, RGIA, and RGASPI), as well as materials of the Diplomatic Archives of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Japan (Gaimush? Gaik? Shiry?kan) and published documental collections. The issue of Sakhalin appeared on the table of negotiations with Japan soon after the February Revolution. Japan worried about the US involvement in developing the island’s resources, and encouraged the provisional government to exclude American capital and provide the Japanese with prerogatives, but Petrograd was reluctant to do so. The Russian military also took a cautious stance towards Japan, suspecting it of using Russia’s weakening position and expanding its influence over her eastern territories including Sakhalin. After the Bolsheviks took power in November 1917, the situation became more complicated. Amid the collapse of governance and the state system in Russia, Japan actively engaged in the intervention and intensified her attempts to participate in mining at Sakhalin. Yet Kolchak and his administration, which subsequently took control of most of Siberia and the Far East, generally inherited a guarded attitude toward Japan, suspecting her of using Russia’s weakness and seizing key positions in the economy of its eastern territories, including purchase of Northern Sakhalin and obtainment of wide concessional rights. Despite the Japanese bids, the Omsk government eventually decided to employ the “free hands” principal in Sakhalin, denying exclusive rights to the Japanese. Tokyo’s hopes of gaining the privileges in fact turned out to be a false dawn. Ironically, except for Japanese-backed G. Semyonov, it was the Bolshevik government that constantly claimed to acknowledge prerogatives for the Japanese in East Russia. The Soviet officials made the first attempts to reach an agreement with Japan as early as in December 1917, offering privileges in a vast territory including Northern Sakhalin. From the very beginning, the Soviets regarded the island as one of the important tools for negotiations with the Japanese. But Japan did not take it seriously and refused to keep contact with the Soviet government. Being fully occupied with the Civil War, Moscow was unable to deal with Japan, but the situation changed after the fall of Kolchak. While organizing the Far Eastern Republic (DVR) as a buffer state in order to avoid the risk of war with Japan, Chicherin and other Soviet officials claimed sovereignty over Siberia and the Far East and appealed to Tokyo, promising various economic benefits in the region. Moscow’s conciliatory attitude was criticized by the local Bolsheviks who stood for immediate Sovietization and a hard line against Japan, assuming this tactic most effective. One of the examples likely to be successful were the actions of Ya. Tryapitsyn and his group, who could reach agreement with the Japanese troops and gain control over Nikolaevsk, the center of Sakhalin Oblast. Yet, after the Nikolaevsk Incident, which caused the occupation of Northern Sakhalin and rebooting of interventionist actions by Japan, as well as after Merkulov’s coup d’etat, the local Bolsheviks and DVR leaders assumed a much more circumspect position and attempted to provide cessions. On the other hand, Moscow reinforced its influence, gradually pushing away the DVR actors and striving for direct negotiations with Japan. Thinking that time was on her side and implementing a “carrot and stick” attitude, the Soviet government used the so-called American factor or “international pressure,” while continuing to offer to grant concessions, the area of which shrank from the whole of East Siberia to Northern Sakhalin.

著者

杉田 浩一 白井 邦郎 和田 敬三 川村 亮

出版者

Japanese Society for Food Science and Technology

雑誌

日本食品工業学会誌 (ISSN:00290394)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.24, no.6, pp.311-315, 1977-06-15 (Released:2010-01-20)

参考文献数

3

被引用文献数

3 1

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食品中コラーゲンの加熱による変化を解明するため,豚皮より調製した不溶性コラーゲンを水中で加熱し,ゼラチン化の進行状態を観察した。溶出窒素量よりみたゼラチン化は,加熱の温度,時間の増加により促進されるが,温度により限界がある。 pHが低下するとこの限界は除かれ,溶出量が著しく増大する。塩類は酸性側でゼラチン化を抑制し,中性側で促進する。加熱時の溶出物中には,ディスク電気泳動および,ゲルクロマトグラフィーにより,コラーゲンのα, β, γ鎖に相当する成分が検出されたが,ゼラチン化の進行にともない,そのパターンにはペプチド鎖の解裂による低分子化とみられる変化が起こった。

著者

上田 正行

出版者

至文堂

雑誌

国文学解釈と鑑賞 (ISSN:03869911)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.54, no.6, pp.p33-37, 1989-06

著者

中村 史江 山門 實

出版者

一般社団法人 日本看護研究学会

雑誌

日本看護研究学会雑誌 (ISSN:21883599)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.45, no.5, pp.5_927-5_935, 2023-01-20 (Released:2023-01-20)

参考文献数

20

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目的:看護師の勤務体制を16時間夜勤から13時間夜勤へ変更することによる,心の健康度と疲労蓄積度,酸化ストレスバランスの変化を検証した。方法:13時間夜勤体制(実施群)と16時間夜勤体制(対照群)に勤務する16名(各群8名)を対象に,実施前と3ヶ月後、1年後に,心の健康度と疲労蓄積度および酸化ストレスマーカーを調査し,終了後に質問紙調査をした。結果:心の健康度は,13時間夜勤群が実施前より有意に高く,質問紙調査にて心身の楽さなどが抽出された。酸化ストレスバランス度(BAP/d-ROM)比は,16時間夜勤群で経時的に有意に低下したが13時間夜勤群では変化しなかった。結論:13時間夜勤交代制への変更は,主観的に心の健康度が増加して仕事と生活に充実感が得られ,また身体的な疲労感の客観的指標である抗酸化力を示す酸化ストレスバランス度は,16時間夜勤群で経時的に悪化し13時間夜勤群は維持された。

著者

辻野 亮 湯本 貴和

出版者

一般社団法人 日本霊長類学会

雑誌

霊長類研究 (ISSN:09124047)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.30, no.1, pp.79-93, 2014-06-20 (Released:2014-08-02)

参考文献数

100

被引用文献数

2 1

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Primates are diverse regarding morphologically and ecologically. They play significant roles in the various niches of the ecosystem. In relation to the effects on the fitness, there are six possible combinations of biological interaction between primates and other species, ranging from harmful to mutually beneficial interactions and neutral interactions, such as predator-prey interaction (i.e., herbivory, predation and parasitism), competition, amensalism, mutualism, commensalism and neutralism, which result in the diverse species interactions. Therefore biological interactions between primates and other species have been studied. There are two major advantages in the ecological research of primates. Firstly, researchers are able to clarify detailed individual behaviours and ecological processes through the direct observation of primate individuals. Secondly, researchers are able to follow the secular trends of individual growth and/or lineages of blood relations through the long-term research of identified primate troops. We need further researches in the primate-other species interaction by applying field experiments, systematic background data, research networks, new research technology, meta-analysis methods, and transdisciplinary idea.

著者

文化財保護委員会監修

出版者

第一法規出版

巻号頁・発行日

1963

著者

占部百太郎著

出版者

大岡山書店

巻号頁・発行日

1931

出版者

笠倉出版社

巻号頁・発行日

2022

著者

林 マリヤ

出版者

中古文学会

雑誌

中古文学 (ISSN:02874636)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.63, pp.11-19, 1999-05-31 (Released:2019-05-18)