著者

庵 功雄

出版者

公益社団法人 日本語教育学会

雑誌

日本語教育 (ISSN:03894037)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.142, pp.58-68, 2009 (Released:2017-04-25)

参考文献数

15

被引用文献数

1

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「でしょう(だろう)」には推量と確認の2つの用法がある。しかし,実際の発話データを分析した結果では確認が多数派である。特に,推量の「でしょう」の言い切りの用法は極めて少ない。「でしょう」で言い切ることができるのは発話者が「専門家」である場合(天気予報はその典型である)など一部の場合に限られる。にもかかわらず,日本語教科書では推量の「でしょう」(言い切り)は必ず導入されている。これは「体系」を重視する日本語学的発想によるものであり,「日本語学的文法から独立した」日本語教育文法という立場からは否定されるべきものである。本稿では発話データと日本語教科書の分析を通して,「でしょう」の実相を明らかにし,それに基づいて「でしょう(及び「だろう」)」の導入の順序について論じる。本稿は白川(2005)らが主張する日本語教育文法の内実を豊かにすることを目指すものである。

著者

藤井 保憲

出版者

素粒子論グループ 素粒子論研究 編集部

雑誌

素粒子論研究 (ISSN:03711838)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.84, no.6, pp.F68-F71, 1992-03-20 (Released:2017-10-02)

著者

Yoshiho Yasugi 八杉 佳穂

出版者

国立民族学博物館

雑誌

国立民族学博物館調査報告 = Senri Ethnological Reports (ISSN:13406787)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.148, pp.1-736, 2019-03-28

著者

金華山人 編著

出版者

瑞祥書院

巻号頁・発行日

1929

著者

中谷 友樹

出版者

Japan Association for Urban Sociology

雑誌

日本都市社会学会年報 (ISSN:13414585)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.2022, no.40, pp.43-58, 2022-09-05 (Released:2023-09-16)

参考文献数

55

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This article introduces studies in health geography and social epidemiology about the geographical variations in health observed at the neighbourhood scales and the accumulation of neighbourhood effects research, particularly related to deprivation amplification in Japan. It is considered that, in Japanese society as in Western societies, neighbourhood effects, which occur through the geographical concentration of socioeconomic disadvantage, may work as a spatial-social process that contributes to the shaping of social inequalities in health. However, it is necessary to question what kinds of and how neighbourhood effects, have contributed to emerged social inequalities in health in the context of Japanese urban spaces. It is also crucial to deepen understanding of the mechanisms and historical processes by which they are established through selective migration and environmental changes for effectively tackling the urban problems of health inequalities. The main challenges are (1) to advance systematic analysis of the socioeconomic disparities or determinants of neighbourhood environments, which contribute to a large extent to social inequalities in health, and (2) to consider a temporal and spatial perspective of health inequalities due to neighbourhood effects within cities, with a view to the history of environmental change and residential mobility.

著者

西川 開

出版者

情報知識学会

雑誌

情報知識学会誌 (ISSN:09171436)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.29, no.3, pp.213-233, 2019-10-15 (Released:2019-11-15)

参考文献数

117

被引用文献数

1 2

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本論文はOstrom & Hessにより提起された知識コモンズ研究系統化の試みの現在までの成果を明らかにしたうえで、その結果について理論的考察を行い、同プロジェクトの基礎付けを行うことを目的とする。知識コモンズ研究とは1990年代に台頭した、共有される知識資源とその管理制度に関する研究領域である。まず、ProQuestなど4つのデータベースを用いて抽出した88件の文献を対象とするシステマティックレビューを行い、自然資源を対象とするコモンズ研究の方法論を「知識」資源の性質に合わせて修正・応用するアプローチが確立しつつあることを明らかにした。次いで、同アプローチにおける「コモンズ」という概念の明晰化、既存のコモンズ研究における同アプローチの位置づけの再検討、同アプローチの課題点の整理とそれを踏まえた今後の研究の方向性の提案を行った。

著者

穐山 浩 佐々木 秀輝

出版者

日本食品化学学会

雑誌

日本食品化学学会誌 (ISSN:13412094)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.14, no.2, pp.43-50, 2007-08-31 (Released:2017-12-01)

参考文献数

52

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A novel type of encephalopathy occurred in patients with chronic kidney diseases, which was associated with the ingestion of the Sugihiratake mushroom during the fall of 2004 in Japan. To elucidate the relationship between the encephalopathy and this mushroom intake, we attempted to investigate whether cyanide and thiocyanate are present in the Sugihiratake samples and determined the cyanide and thiocyanate levels in fifteen samples collected from different Japanese districts using HPLC with fluorometric detection. The cyanide ions and thiocyanate ions were detected in the ranges of N.D.-114.0μg/g and N.D.-17.0 μg/g in the samples, respectively. This result demonstrated that cyanide exposure could occur from the intake of Sugihiratake mushrooms in one's diet. Furthermore, we discussed the possible association between cyanide and the onset of encephalopathy. In addition, we conducted a multivariate analysis of metabolites in 'Probably Toxic' sugihiratake collected from the area of encephalopathy outbreaks, and 'Probably Safe' sugihiratake collected from unaffected areas using UPLC/ToF MS. The results indicated that the presence of milligram quantities of vitamin D-like compounds per 10 grams of dried sugihiratake from the areas of encephalopathy outbreaks. The hypotheses to induce the encephalopathy in terms of vitamin D-like compounds are proposed.

著者

新美 貴英

出版者

経済社会学会

雑誌

経済社会学会年報 (ISSN:09183116)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.40, pp.117-128, 2018 (Released:2021-04-01)

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The purpose of this paper is to elucidate the ideological background of the “World Federal Movement” in Japan. In Japan after the Second World War, in order to find out what kind of discussion about the World Federation, Hasegawa Nyozekan (journalist, 1875-1969) and Ishibashi Tanzan's (1884-1973, journalist, prime minister) opinions on the World Federation were studied. As a result, it became clear that both of them had made enthusiastic proposals to the World Federation. Aspects common to both were first aiming to realize the World Federation, second admitting the military power monitored universally by the World Federation, and third focusing on deepening interdependence on a global scale. On these ideas, both had a positive attitude to the Post-war Constitution of Japan. Both sympathized with New Liberalism, and so were positive about World Federalism.

著者

戸田 三三冬

出版者

文教大学

雑誌

文教大学国際学部紀要 = Journal of the Faculty of International Studies Bunkyo University (ISSN:09173072)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.15, no.1, pp.1-25, 2004-07-01

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This paper attempts to give some information on the study of anarchist ideas of Errico Malatesta in his early days. Malatesta entered in the Italian republican movement when he was a middle high school boy. When he studied medical science at the University of Naples, in 1871, under the influence of Paris Comune, participated the socialist activities in the Neapolitan section of the First International. Being one of the most active members, he taught workers' children in the evening school of the International, and became one of the editors of its organ,<<La Campana>>(bell). His necrology for Giuseppe Mazzini, the former Maestro, shows how deeply he was influenced by the sincerity of his old teacher. Even though he has changed his ideology, still remains Mazzini's teachings of love and duty in his heart. After the fall of Paris Comune, the International Working Men's Association was devided into two camps, Marxist and Bakunist. The latter formed so-called Anti- Authoritarian International at St. Imier, a small town in Giura, Switzerland. There Malatesta participated, and in this occasion, met Michel Bakunin for the first time. Bakunin called Malatesta with given name"Benjamin". Malatesta will be faithful to Bakunin's soul all through his life, although he modified some of the ideas of the teacher. The paper covers roughly up until 1891, the year of the publication of his pamphlet, Anarchy, in London. The work, which he began to write in 1884 on his paper<<La Questione Sociale>>(social problem) at Florence, was continued to write on his paper with the same name, in the days of his exile in Argentina. The focus is not on the analysis of the contents of Anarchy, but on the understandings of the material situation on his activities which have guided him to write and condensed his own theory, on Anarchy and Anarchism.

著者

小宮次郎 著

出版者

小宮次郎

巻号頁・発行日

1943

著者

池田 信虎

出版者

日仏哲学会

雑誌

フランス哲学・思想研究 (ISSN:13431773)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.28, pp.130-141, 2023-09-01 (Released:2023-10-01)

著者

今 悠気 中村 拓人 梶本 裕之

出版者

特定非営利活動法人 日本バーチャルリアリティ学会

雑誌

日本バーチャルリアリティ学会論文誌 (ISSN:1344011X)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.21, no.4, pp.565-573, 2016 (Released:2017-02-01)

参考文献数

31

被引用文献数

2

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Application of the Hanger Reflex to walking navigation was investigated. The Hanger Reflex is a phenomenon that produces an illusory force and involuntary rotation of the body parts by skin deformation. It was first applied at the head by using a wire hanger, but is now known to work on many body parts such as the waist, wrist, and ankle. In the experiment combining Hanger Reflex devices at the head, waist, and ankle, we confirmed that the waist-type Hanger Reflex is the most effective, and that combined Hanger Reflex imparted limited influence on the results.

著者

千藤 三千造

出版者

公益社団法人 有機合成化学協会

雑誌

有機合成化学協会誌 (ISSN:00379980)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.14, no.7, pp.472-475, 1956-07-01 (Released:2010-10-20)

著者

和栗 隆史

出版者

一般社団法人 日本観光研究学会

雑誌

観光研究 (ISSN:13420208)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.34, no.3, pp.21-28, 2022 (Released:2023-06-23)

参考文献数

25

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全国各地で宿坊開設の動きがあり、コロナ禍でも継続している。歴史的に宿坊は、土地と建物を所有する寺院が宗教活動の一環として参詣者に宿泊の供給を行ってきたが、近年の新しい宿坊にはこれまでとは異なる経営形態が生じていると推測される。本研究は、近年開業した施設ならびに観光庁が推進している「寺泊」事業が支援している施設に着目し、新しい宿坊の事業主体と経営形態に焦点を当てその特徴と役割を整理した。その結果、ホテル経営において所有と経営・運営の機能分化が生じていることが知られているように、宿坊においても、多様な外部アクターが参画し、経営形態の多層化と機能分化が生じていることが確認された。

著者

楠 和樹

出版者

東京外国語大学アジア・アフリカ言語文化研究所

雑誌

アジア・アフリカ言語文化研究 (ISSN:03872807)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.2023, no.106, pp.19-66, 2023-09-30 (Released:2023-09-30)

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Historians of nomadic societies in East Africa have emphasized their high mobility as the core of the pastoral mode of subsistence. It has long been supposed that borders were procedures for containing this mode of subsistence and making such societies amenable to administration. However, recent scholars have approached the issue from a different angle. They insist that borders are arbitrary institutions that have been imposed regardless of the disposition of cultural areas. For them, the drawing of boundaries can be approached as a process in which a variety of actors negotiate with each other, produce meanings, and create profitable opportunities. On the basis of this methodological perspective, this study explores the political impact of boundaries drawn by the colonial state in northeastern Kenya on the Somali pastoralists. This study is distinctive in that it investigates administrative boundaries instead of international borders. To date, scholarly attention has been mainly devoted to the latter. However, this does not mean that administrative boundaries have less significance; internal borders offer a better opportunity to reflect on the specific meaning of statehood, especially in the case of peripheral borderlands. By examining how the government territorialized a specific sub-clan of Somalis and how the latter engaged with such territorialization, this study provides a nuanced understanding of colonial rule in the frontier region of northeastern Kenya. It argues that the porous boundaries were consequences not of the restrictive nature of state rule but of a specific kind of governmentality in a frontier region where administrative and judicial powers were concentrated in the hands of local officials. Furthermore, the Somali sub-clan, whose collective identity was anchored by the setting of these boundaries, struggled to utilize them for a politics of authority and territoriality.

著者

中間 由紀子 内田 和義

出版者

地域農林経済学会

雑誌

農林業問題研究 (ISSN:03888525)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.59, no.3, pp.121-128, 2023-09-25 (Released:2023-09-29)

参考文献数

56

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This study examines home living improvements in postwar Okinawa, focusing on the movement for the abolition of Senkotsu (cleansing remains) and the establishment of crematories. Women’s associations in Okinawa initiated the home living improvement before the government provided official extension services for it. As part of the home living improvement, the Kizyoka Women’s Association (KWA) in Ohgimi village started the movement. Senkotsu was very hard and painful for women, so the KWA proceeded with the movement, and finally a crematory was built. Meanwhile, the movement also spread to other villages. The government began to provide extension services for home living improvement, and home advisors sent to various areas supported the movement of women’s associations.

著者

内藤 栄一 水口 暢章 上原 信太郎 雨宮 薫

出版者

脳機能とリハビリテーション研究会

雑誌

脳科学とリハビリテーション (ISSN:13490044)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.13, pp.1-10, 2013-08-09 (Released:2018-10-30)

著者

小山 重郎

出版者

日本応用動物昆虫学会

雑誌

日本応用動物昆虫学会誌 (ISSN:00214914)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.38, no.4, pp.219-229, 1994-11-25 (Released:2009-02-12)

参考文献数

191

被引用文献数

6 5

著者

Shuji Moriyama Masahiko Hara Takafumi Hirota Kosuke Nakata Hideki Doi Toshiyuki Matsumura Yushi Araki Yukihiro Inomata Toshihiro Fukui

出版者

The Japanese Circulation Society

雑誌

Circulation Journal (ISSN:13469843)

巻号頁・発行日

pp.CJ-23-0076, (Released:2023-09-07)

参考文献数

29

被引用文献数

1

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Background: Acute aortic dissection (AAD) has high morbidity and a high fatality rate for a cardiovascular disease. Recent studies suggested that the incidence of AAD is increasing. However, the actual incidence and mortality rates of AAD are not well known. This study investigated the current epidemiology of AAD within the Yatsushiro medical jurisdictional area.Methods and Results: A population-based review of patients with AAD was performed in a geographically well-defined area. Data were collected retrospectively from January 2011 to December 2020 for a total of 196 patients with AAD (Stanford Type A, n=126 [64.3%]; Stanford Type B, n=70 [35.7%]). The mean patient age was 74.3 years, and 55.6% (109/196) were women. The crude and age-standardized incidence rates of AAD in our medical jurisdictional area were 13.6 and 11.4 per 100,000 inhabitants per year, respectively. The crude and age-standardized 30-day mortality rates of AAD were 4.9 and 4.0 per 100,000 inhabitants per year, respectively. There were upward tendencies for both the incidence and 30-day mortality rate of AAD with age, with both being significantly higher in patients aged ≥85 years (P<0.001).Conclusions: This population-based study detected a higher incidence of AAD than previous studies, but reported a lower incidence of AAD in men than in women. Increasing age was associated with an increased incidence and mortality rate of AAD.

著者

藤岡 毅 柿原 秦 高橋 博子 吉田 由布子 山内 知也 瀬川 嘉之

出版者

日本科学史学会

雑誌

科学史研究 (ISSN:21887535)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.58, no.291, pp.300-309, 2019 (Released:2021-01-24)