著者

田中 雅人

出版者

日本中東学会

雑誌

日本中東学会年報 (ISSN:09137858)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.38, no.1, pp.31-60, 2022-08-31 (Released:2023-09-10)

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This article examines the rise of Muṣṭafā Arslān (1848/49–1914) and his family in late nineteenth-century Ottoman Mount Lebanon. While scholars have substantiated the overall integration of the Arab provincial leaders into the late Ottoman bureaucracy, they have often emphasized the initiative of the reforming state, and neglected the changing nature of these local elites in their community during this period. The present analysis traces the Arslān family’s meteoric rise from their status as a noble but uninfluential local family to holding a dominant position in the politics of Mount Lebanon. Unlike the tax-farming local gentry of the previous era, such as the Junblāṭs, they secured their power by actively cooperating with the central government and pursuing their career in the bureaucracy. Moreover, they could extend their influence outside their locality through the network of the Ottoman administration, as manifested in the Arslāns’ greater control over the Druze community of the Ḥawrān district. Their political ascension reached its zenith in the wake of the Young Turk Revolution of 1908. However, as these new political elites were raised by the bureaucracy, the chief members of the family, most notably Shakīb Arslān (1869–1946), increasingly acted as agencies of the central state, and were often in conflict with the local forces in Mount Lebanon.

著者

米山 達朗

出版者

公益社団法人 日本薬学会

雑誌

ファルマシア (ISSN:00148601)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.52, no.11, pp.1074, 2016 (Released:2016-11-01)

参考文献数

4

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日本には「ミョウガを食べすぎるとボケる」という言い伝えがある.そのような言い伝えのためかミョウガには鈍根草という別名も存在し,狂言の曲名にも用いられている.ミョウガZingibermiogaはショウガ科ショウガ属の多年草であり,古くに中国より渡来し,野生化したと考えられている.我が国においてミョウガの花蕾は,夏の風物詩として長きにわたり食されている.今回Kimらは,韓国済州島産ミョウガ花蕾の熱水抽出物の神経成長因子(NGF)を介した記憶力改善作用について報告したので紹介する.なお,本稿は下記の文献に基づいて,その研究成果を紹介するものである.1) Kim H. G. et al., Phytother. Res., 30, 208-213 (2016).2) Salehi A. et al, J. Neural Transm., 111, 323-345 (2004).3) Kim H. G. et al., Curr. Pharm. Des., 18, 57-75 (2012).4) Felipe C. F. B. et al., J. Med. Plants, Res., 2, 163-170 (2008).

著者

小林 迪弘 池田 素子 勝間 進 姜 媛瓊

出版者

社団法人 日本蚕糸学会

雑誌

蚕糸・昆虫バイオテック (ISSN:18810551)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.76, no.2, pp.2_107-2_114, 2007 (Released:2016-04-13)

参考文献数

39

著者

田上 公俊 森吉 泰生 堀田 栄喜

出版者

一般社団法人 日本燃焼学会

雑誌

日本燃焼学会誌 (ISSN:13471864)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.57, no.180, pp.120-126, 2015 (Released:2018-01-26)

参考文献数

18

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Recently “plasma-assisted combustion”, especially for the use of non-equilibrium plasma for ignition has garnered interest as a new combustion technology for high efficiency and low emissions in combustors such as internal combustion engines. In this paper the focus is placed on the review of non-thermal plasma ignition and introduction of authors' recent results of this field. The ignition characteristics of non-thermal plasma are examined and compared with those of a conventional spark ignition. It is shown that a streamer discharge characterized by non-thermal plasma can ignite combustible mixtures as well as conventional thermal plasma and there are also some advantages, such as volumetric ignition and less heat loss. Through OH LIF measurement, a number of OH radical is shown to accumulate from pulse to pulse during a train of repetitive pulses, and the created radicals can initiate chemical chain reaction, which results in ignition finally.

著者

吉村 忠典

出版者

公益財団法人 史学会

雑誌

史学雑誌 (ISSN:00182478)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.108, no.3, pp.344-367,463-46, 1999-03-20 (Released:2017-11-30)

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It is well-known that many translations of European concepts were made in Japan during the 19th century in order to adapt to European ways of thinking, and then were adopted by the Chinese. One example of this is the term teikoku 帝国 as the translation of the English word empire. This is a Sino-Japanese word, which the Japanese of the 30th century believed to have authority in the Chinese classics, but which the Chinese did not know until the end of the 19th century when they learned it from Japan. The word teikoku seems to have been invented in the 18th century as the literal translation of the Dutch word keizerrijk ([Germ. Kaiserreich]; keizer = tei, rijk = koku), and then the compilers of English-Japanese dictionaries of the 19th century (since 1814) adopted this word as the translalion for empire, for they misunderstood the European dictionaries available to them; and, moreover, a great political unity without a monarch (such as the Athenian Empire of the 5th century B.C. and the Roman Empire of the 2. century B.C.) was inconceivable for the people of East Asia at that time. (Incidentally, the Sino-Japanese term for the "republic", 共和政治, first appeared in 1845). Ever since, this translation of empire prevailed in Japan. Even now, many high school teachers in Japan cannot understand why the British Empire was an Empire, since it had no emperor. They believe also that the Roman Empire was not yet known to Pompey and Caesar, because the first emperor Augustus came later. As the word teikoku, understood as equivalent to keizerrijk, spread in Japan from the middle of the 19th century,the Sino-Japanese version (1865) of H. Wheaton's "Elements of International Law" was enthusiastically received in Japan. According to modern international law, an "empire" was now nothing but a kind of modern sovereign "state" stricto sensu alongside kingdoms and dukedoms and so on, while the empire once stood over and embraced such principalities and feudal lords. Thus, even now, the Japanese are not free from confusion over the usage of the word teikoku. In this paper the author tries to disentangle the confusion, which arose from the equation: keizerrijk = teikoku = empire, modern and pre-modern.

著者

小坂 展慶 落谷 孝広

出版者

日本DDS学会

雑誌

Drug Delivery System (ISSN:09135006)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.29, no.2, pp.125-133, 2014-03-25 (Released:2014-06-25)

参考文献数

23

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がん細胞とその周辺細胞の密接な関係は、これまでサイトカインやケモカインなどで説明されてきた。しかし、その複雑な関係は複数種類の分子では説明がつかず、新たな相互関係が探索されてきた。最近、エクソソームと呼ばれる100nmの細胞外小胞顆粒の存在が再注目され、特に、がん細胞における役割が近年急速に解明されている。本稿では、がん細胞がどのようにしてエクソソームを悪用しているのかを述べるとともに、エクソソームを標的とした治療と診断の展望に関して述べる。

著者

.*津田 菜摘 小林 智之

雑誌

日本心理学会第87回大会

巻号頁・発行日

2023-08-03

著者

東京日日新聞社, 大阪毎日新聞社 編

出版者

東京日日新聞社

巻号頁・発行日

vol.第一輯, 1936

著者

佐藤 広英

出版者

日本パーソナリティ心理学会

雑誌

パーソナリティ研究 (ISSN:13488406)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.30, no.3, pp.127-129, 2021-12-17 (Released:2021-12-17)

参考文献数

9

被引用文献数

1

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In recent years, with the widespread use of smartphones, many people have begun to take selfies and embellish them to be more attractive using smartphone applications. The present study examined the effects of embellishment of facial selfies on self-esteem and positive mood. Sixty-two university students participated in the experiment and were assigned to one of two conditions (embellishing condition or control condition). The participants took facial selfies, embellished them, and then measured their self-esteem and positive mood. The results showed that self-esteem increased more in the embellishing condition than in the control condition. The positive mood was slightly higher in the embellishing condition than in the control condition only for the group with high facial self-evaluation.

著者

渡邊 洋子

出版者

日本医学教育学会

雑誌

医学教育 (ISSN:03869644)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.38, no.3, pp.151-160, 2007-06-25 (Released:2011-02-07)

参考文献数

6

被引用文献数

17

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1) 成人教育においては, 学習者と教育者には「学ぶ/おしえる」関係が成立しており, 両者は「最も望ましい効果的な学習の実現」に向けて, 学ぶ主体・学習援助の主体として協働する.2) 成人学習者は, 「自己概念」「学習の経験」「学習へのレディネス」「学習への指向性」「学習への動機付け」のおのおのにおいて子どもとは異なる特徴を有する.3) 自己主導型学習は, アンドラゴジー (「成人の学習援助の技術と科学」) にもとづく学習モデルであり, 学習者は, 自らの学習プランを能動的・相互的に作成し自ら実践することを期待される.4) 日本の生涯学習はおおむね, 「他者決定型学習」「自己主導型学習」「自己決定・相互変革型学習」の3つのタイプ (段階) に大別でき, おのおのにおいて異なる複数の教育者の役割が求められる.5) 専門職の現場や養成のプロセスにおいては, 学習者と教育者の間に「対等性」「共感性」「協同性」「相互性」「啓発性」などの価値が, 自覚的に共有される必要があると考えられる.

著者

柴崎 正行 Shibasaki Masayuki シバサキ マサユキ

出版者

東京家政大学博物館

雑誌

東京家政大学博物館紀要 (ISSN:13433709)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.3, pp.41-51, 1998

著者

熊本 史雄

出版者

外務省外交史料館

雑誌

外交史料館報 (ISSN:09160558)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.36, pp.1-25, 2023 (Released:2023-07-20)

著者

青木 貴史 河合 隆裕 竹井 義次

出版者

一般社団法人 日本数学会

雑誌

数学 (ISSN:0039470X)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.45, no.4, pp.299-315, 1993-11-12 (Released:2008-12-25)

参考文献数

23

著者

植松 弘進 安田 哲行 田渕 優希子 真下 節 下村 伊一郎 柴田 政彦

出版者

一般社団法人 日本ペインクリニック学会

雑誌

日本ペインクリニック学会誌 (ISSN:13404903)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.20, no.2, pp.102-106, 2013 (Released:2013-07-06)

参考文献数

13

被引用文献数

1

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オピオイド長期投与中,内分泌機能低下症をきたした症例を経験した.症例は51歳男性で交通外傷による末梢神経障害を伴う左下肢複合性局所疼痛症候群の診断にて,受傷1年後より加療中であった.当初行われた投薬・神経ブロック等により痛みはコントロールでき,職場復帰していた.残存する痛みに対し受傷3年後より塩酸モルヒネによる内服加療を開始し痛みは軽減されたが,同時期より性欲低下の自覚症状が出現した.受傷7年後にはフェンタニル貼付剤へと変更し痛みのコントロールはさらに良好となったが,変更後数カ月で急激な体重減少(合計-24㎏)をきたし,変更後半年で強い全身倦怠感と食欲不振も出現し就労不可能となった.内分泌機能異常を疑い行ったホルモン負荷試験等の結果より,オピオイドによる続発性副腎機能低下症および中枢性性腺機能低下症と診断された.痛みのためにオピオイドを完全に中止できなかったため,トラマドール内服へと変更しホルモン補充療法を行った.ホルモン補充療法開始後は全身倦怠感等の自覚症状は改善した.このエピソードをきっかけに抑うつ状態となり職場復帰は果たせていないものの約9カ月で体重も回復した.

著者

澤井 淳

出版者

一般社団法人 日本調理科学会

雑誌

日本調理科学会誌 (ISSN:13411535)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.52, no.4, pp.282-284, 2019-08-05 (Released:2019-08-21)

参考文献数

13

被引用文献数

1

著者

髙木 聡司

出版者

立命館大学大学院先端総合学術研究科

雑誌

Core Ethics : コア・エシックス = Core Ethics : コア・エシックス (ISSN:18800467)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.7, pp.385-392, 2011

著者

謝花 直美

出版者

日本オーラル・ヒストリー学会

雑誌

日本オーラル・ヒストリー研究 (ISSN:18823033)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.17, pp.77-95, 2021 (Released:2023-09-04)

参考文献数

68

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Though it is a known fact that Naha citizens who evacuated to Northern Okinawa suffered severe famine during the battle of Okinawa and the early US occupation period, detailed situations of the damage still remain unveiled. This is because their evacuation during the war and forced relocation afterward have been told and recorded separately for different time periods. Their dispersion as a result of repeated relocation also made it difficult to see the whole picture. This article focuses on the famine among Naha citizens during these periods and describes their overall migration experiences transversally across the years, illuminating the situation that the poor and fallen food supply system of the occupation forces led to many deaths. Whereas returning home for people from areas other than Naha was the start of “reconstruction,” for Naha citizens, their processes of returning home were a series of desperate struggles to survive.

著者

玉利 俊哉 島 長義 百島 則幸

出版者

日本保健物理学会

雑誌

保健物理 (ISSN:03676110)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.55, no.3, pp.136-143, 2020-10-20 (Released:2020-11-26)

参考文献数

22

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We have developed a tritium screening method focused on seafood. Time saving and simplicity of tritium analysis were achieved by performing analysis as total tritium that simultaneously obtains the recovered water of TFWT and OBT. We carried out the experiment using HTO and L-leucine [4, 5 – 3H], and confirmed that total tritium was sufficiently recovered. The developed method has a low detection limit, and it gives us a tool to judge smoothly the annual radiation dose caused by consumption of seafood is below the guidelines authorized by international organizations, the safety level for public. The detectable radiation dose by tritium is 9.2 × 10–6 mSv/y for average consumption of seafood in Japan. This method can evaluate 2–3 orders lower dose level authorized by international organizations for public.

著者

Yoichi Morofuji Minoru Morikawa Nobutaka Horie Yuki Matsunaga Tsuyoshi Izumo Takayuki Matsuo

出版者

The Japanese Society for Neuroendovascular Therapy

雑誌

Journal of Neuroendovascular Therapy (ISSN:18824072)

巻号頁・発行日

pp.ra.2023-0023, (Released:2023-09-05)

参考文献数

41

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The clinical manifestations of dural arteriovenous fistulas (dAVFs) are highly variable and dependent on the hemodynamic properties and location of the fistula. The locations of the fistula are numerous and include the cavernous sinus, transverse–sigmoid sinus, superior sagittal sinus, inferior and superior petrosal sinuses, anterior condylar confluence, tentorium, anterior cranial fossa, middle fossa, foramen magnum, cranio-cervical junction, convexity, and spinal cord. These dAVFs can be divided into two types, “sinus type” and “non-sinus type,” based on their communication with dural shunts and cerebral veins. The sinus type involves direct communication between the arterial dural branch and one dural sinus, sometimes leading to recruitment of cortical veins. On the other hand, the non-sinus type is embedded into the dura, with the drainage always involving a cerebral vein and no communication with any sinus. Treatment options for these types of dAVFs differ; sinus-type dAVFs require normally sinus obliteration and occlusion of recruited veins, while non-sinus-type dAVFs require embolization of the drainage vein. Accurately classifying the type of fistula, sinus type or non-sinus type, is critical for developing a proper treatment plan. This review describes clinical characteristics and treatment of those non-sinus-type dAVFs involving unusual locations with illustrative cases.

著者

中野 聰志 岡村 聡 赤井 純治

出版者

一般社団法人 日本鉱物科学会

雑誌

岩石鉱物科学 (ISSN:1345630X)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.52, no.1, pp.221005, 2023 (Released:2023-01-31)

参考文献数

54

被引用文献数

2

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The usage of “potassium feldspar” and “alkali feldspar” has been confused in earth sciences for a long time. The term “alkali feldspar” is for the solid solution series between the two components of KAlSi3O8 (potassium feldspar) and NaAlSi3O8 (sodium feldspar), including more or less CaAl2Si2O8 (lime feldspar) as the third component. The term “potassium feldspar” is in practice for KAlSi3O8 as an end member of the feldspar solid solution. At present, the scientific or appropriate usage of the two terms without confusion is needed in earth sciences. This review outlines the history of hitherto confused usage of the two terms, and interprets how important the appropriate usage of the two terms is in earth sciences, especially in mineralogical and petrological sciences. We recommend that perthite should be termed not “potassium feldspar” but alkali feldspar, and that the term potassium feldspar should be applied to alkali feldspar at least with KAlSi3O8 content ≥ 90 mol%.