著者
藤原 義弘 河戸 勝
出版者
日本高圧力学会
雑誌
高圧力の科学と技術 (ISSN:0917639X)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.20, no.4, pp.315-320, 2010 (Released:2010-12-11)
参考文献数
27

Whale carcasses support unique biological assemblages in deep sea. The carcasses release reducing chemicals such as hydrogen sulfide and nourish chemosynthesis-based biological communities. Two “stepping-stone” hypotheses regarding whale-fall ecosystems have been proposed. One explains a dispersal pathway for hydrothermal vent/hydrocarbon seep faunae in the deep sea and another an evolutionary process of vent/seep specialists. Here we summarize the whale-fall ecosystems, especially in Japanese waters and our attempts to verify the hypotheses.
著者
Tadahisa Numakura Koji Murakami Tsutomu Tamada Chiaki Yamaguchi Chihiro Inoue Shinya Ohkouchi Naoki Tode Hirohito Sano Hiroyuki Aizawa Kei Sato Ayumi Mitsune Hajime Kurosawa Toru Nakazawa Hisatoshi Sugiura
出版者
The Japanese Society of Internal Medicine
雑誌
Internal Medicine (ISSN:09182918)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.61, no.20, pp.3101-3106, 2022-10-15 (Released:2022-10-15)
参考文献数
23
被引用文献数
15

BNT162b2 (Pfizer/BioNTech) is a coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) vaccine containing nucleoside-modified messenger RNA encoding the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 spike glycoprotein. Recently, ocular complications of mRNA vaccines have been reported increasingly frequently. However, immunological adverse events due to mRNA vaccines in real-world settings are not fully known. We herein report the novel development of sarcoidosis manifested as uveitis, bilateral hilar lymphadenopathy, angiotensin-converting enzyme elevation, and epithelioid and giant cell granuloma formation in the lung soon after the first BNT162b2 injection and review the current literature, including three reported cases of sarcoid-like reaction following COVID-19 vaccination.
著者
清水 克志
出版者
The Association of Japanese Geographers
雑誌
地理学評論 (ISSN:13479555)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.81, no.1, pp.1-24, 2008-01-01 (Released:2010-03-12)
参考文献数
54
被引用文献数
2 2

本稿はキャベツ (甘藍) を事例に, 日本における外来野菜の生産地域が明治後期から昭和戦前期にかけて成立する過程を, 食習慣の定着と関わらせて考察することを目的とした. 明治前期に導入されたキャベツは, すぐには普及しなかった. 明治中・後期に, 都市の知識人がキャベツの新たな調理法を考案し, 大正期以降, その調理法が婦人雑誌や新聞で紹介された. また軍隊や学校給食などでキャベツがいち早く利用され, 都市住民の間でキャベツ食習慣の定着がみられた. 一方, 岩手県盛岡市などの各地の民間育種家は, 個々の地域の自然条件に適した作型であることに加え, 都市住民の嗜好に合致する国産品種を育成し, 生産地域の成立を促した. その結果, 長距離輸送が可能なキャベツは, 収穫期の異なる複数の生産地域から, 都市へ周年的に供給されるようになった. このことは, 外来野菜の生産地域の成立が, 食習慣の定着と密接に結びついて展開したことを示している.
著者
原 尚志 鈴木 幸太 木谷 美思 小野寺 悠 鈴木 諒 斎藤 美緑
出版者
日本物理教育学会
雑誌
物理教育 (ISSN:03856992)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.63, no.2, pp.87-91, 2015-06-03 (Released:2017-02-10)
被引用文献数
1

福島第一原子力発電所事故により,福島県内は放射性物質による汚染が心配されている。福島高校スーパーサイエンス部では,高校生の外部被ばくに注目し,昨年6月福島県内外で個人線量調査を実施した。この結果から,福島県内の高校生の個人線量が特異的に高いわけではないことがわかった。
著者
佐藤 隆弘
出版者
日本認知科学会
雑誌
認知科学 (ISSN:13417924)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.15, no.3, pp.333-346, 2008 (Released:2010-02-15)
参考文献数
43
被引用文献数
5

Three theories have been proposed in behavior analysis to explain the establishment of stimulus equivalence. Sidman's (1994) equivalence relation theory suggests that stimulus equivalence is a fundamental behavioral function caused by reinforcement contingencies, and asserts that learning is unnecessary for its establishment. In contrast, the relational frame theory (RFT) suggests that stimulus equivalence results from previous learning regarding many different stimulus-relationships. On the other hand, the naming theory focuses on the naming process, or the circular relationship between the behaviors of the speaker-listener. The latter two theories hold that verbal learning is necessary for the formation of stimulus equivalence. Moreover, naming theory suggests that equivalence relations are formed by verbal responses, whereas the other two theories suggest that naming is the same behavioral process as equivalence. In conclusion it is suggested that analysis of stimulus function is crucial to understand cognition and language.
著者
森田 啓行 永井 良三
出版者
一般社団法人 日本内科学会
雑誌
日本内科学会雑誌 (ISSN:00215384)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.99, no.6, pp.1349-1355, 2010 (Released:2013-04-10)
参考文献数
16

チーム医療推進のひとつの方策として,Nurse Practitioner/Physician assistant(NP/PA)をはじめとする「新しい」医療職種導入に関して議論されることが多くなってきた.しかしながらNP/PAがどのように位置づけられ,いかなる役割分担の下,医療行為をおこなっているか,ということに関する正確な理解は浸透していない.そこで我々はNP/PA発祥の地である米国に赴き,実際にNP/PAの勤務実態を視察し,NP/PAや管理者,医療スタッフのインタビューをおこなった.紹介されたデータ・文献などに基づき,米国のNP/PA制度の実態に関して本稿にまとめ,若干の考察を加える.チーム医療を推進するにはNP/PA制度導入は有効な手段のひとつと考えられ,現場のニーズ,役割分担と責任を議論することは大いにあってよい.法律整備による裁量権と責任の明記,養成教育システム・資格試験の制定,医療従事者と国民の理解などが課題になる.
著者
若林 秀隆
出版者
公益社団法人 日本リハビリテーション医学会
雑誌
The Japanese Journal of Rehabilitation Medicine (ISSN:18813526)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.58, no.6, pp.627-632, 2021-06-18 (Released:2021-08-16)
参考文献数
12

サルコペニア肥満とは,サルコペニアと肥満を合併した病態である.サルコペニア肥満に関する論文は多数あるが,現時点で統一した定義,診断基準,カットオフ値は存在しない.欧州と日本で現在,検討中である.回復期リハビリテーション病棟では,サルコペニアと体脂肪率で診断したサルコペニア肥満が,ADL自立度や自宅退院率と関連するため,その評価と対応が重要である.運動療法ではレジスタンストレーニングと持久性トレーニングが重要である.栄養療法では栄養のゴールを設定して,1日エネルギー必要量=1日エネルギー消費量-1日エネルギー蓄積量とした攻めの栄養療法が重要であり,ケアプロセスを活用すべきである.
著者
大山 治彦 大束 貢生
出版者
JAPAN SOCIETY FOR GENDER STUDIES
雑誌
日本ジェンダー研究 (ISSN:18841619)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.1999, no.2, pp.43-55, 1999-08-31 (Released:2010-08-04)
参考文献数
15

This paper considers the subject under the following heads: (i) the history about one of most important stream of men's movements in Japan; and (ii) the Menzuribumovement.In the middle of 1970's, men, got a influence from the second wave of feminism, setabout the men's movements, called Manribu in general. It seems to be not an importation from the men's movements of the United States but an original movement by Japanesemen.One organization, Otoko no Kosodate wo Kangaerukai (The Men's Group Rethinking About Childcare), founded in 1978, Tokyo, is one of frontier in the men's movements. They tried to change the oppressive men with masculinities for the non-oppressive onethrough the domestic work and childcare. We name it “domestic work and childcare type of men's movement”.Other organization, Ajia no Baibaishun ni Hantaisuru Otokotachi no Kai (The Men Against Prostitution in Asia), founded in 1988, Tokyo, asserted the oppres sivites of menagainst women.Another organization, Menzuribu Kenkyukai (Men's Liberation Research Group), founded in 1991, Osaka, is a driving force to the expansion of men's movement in 1990's. It proposes the new movement style, called Menzuribu movement, which has a distinctive features in comparison with men's movements in the United States. Moreover, Menzuribu Kenkyukai is the next leader of Menzu Senta (Men's Center Japan), founded in 1995, Osaka. It is the first men's center and, today, the core of men's movements in Japan.Menzuribu has the two meanings as follows. One is the men's movements as a whole, with the exceptation with gay movements, and the other is this Menzuribu movement.Menzuribu movement has focussed on the masculine oppressions against men, withoutanti-eminist tendencies such as masculinist men's movement in the United States. Andit has learnt a feminist viewpoint of “the personal is political”. We can say their movement is counterpart of feminist movements. These are the significance of the Menzuribu movement. Menzuribu movement has some problems to solve in its activities. They are: i)a littleof the interests gaps between 20s-30s years old and 40s-50s; ii) the lack of education program for beginners without knowledge about feminism and gender issues; and iii) heterosexism and homophobia.
著者
曽山 いづみ
出版者
一般社団法人 日本教育心理学会
雑誌
教育心理学研究 (ISSN:00215015)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.62, no.4, pp.305-321, 2014-06-30 (Released:2015-03-30)
参考文献数
22
被引用文献数
1 1

本研究は新任小学校教師9名を対象に1年間計4回の継時的インタビューを行い, 新任教師の経験過程を明らかにした。1学期, 夏休み, 2学期, 3学期末以降のインタビュー時期別に, 1: 子どもへの理解とかかわり方, 2: 先生としての自分のあり方, 3: 1, 2を促進する要因, 阻害する要因, について分析を行った。新任教師は【わからなさ/難しさに直面する】【子どもの色々な姿を見る】ことを通して徐々に【自分なりの感覚をつかむ】ことができるようになっていた。一方で【先生としてのあり方に悩む】ことと【自分らしいあり方が明確になる】ことを揺れ動きながら, 教師としてのアイデンティティを模索, 形成していた。担任クラスでの困難が大きく, かつ周囲のサポートが得られにくいときには【担任としての責任の範囲】に深く悩むことが示唆された。発達過程を阻害する要因として, 1学期時はリアリティ・ショックや環境への適応が強くあったが, 徐々にその影響は小さくなっていた。同僚教師や保護者との関係は, 阻害/促進どちらの要因にもなり得, 状況文脈によってその影響は大きく変わること, 新任教師にとっては主体性の発揮が大きなテーマであることが示唆された。

13 0 0 0 OA ArXiv創設20年

著者
GINSPARG Paul
出版者
国立研究開発法人 科学技術振興機構
雑誌
情報管理 (ISSN:00217298)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.54, no.7, pp.415-420, 2011 (Released:2011-10-01)
参考文献数
3
被引用文献数
1 2 7
著者
浜田 知久馬 中西 豊支 松岡 伸篤
出版者
日本計量生物学会
雑誌
計量生物学 (ISSN:09184430)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.27, no.2, pp.139-157, 2006-12-01 (Released:2011-09-25)
参考文献数
50
被引用文献数
4 3

Meta-analysis is defined to be ‘the statistical analysis of a large collection of analysis results from individual studies for the purpose of integrating the findings'. Since the 1980s there has been an upsurge in the application of meta-analysis to medical research. The rapid increase in the number of meta-analysis being conducted during the last decade is mainly due to a greater emphasis on evidence based medicine and the need for reliable summaries of the vast and expanding volume of clinical studies. Over the same period there have been great developments and refinements of the associated methodology of meta-analysis. When judging the reliability of the results of a meta-analysis, attention should be focused on ‘publication bias’. Publication bias is the term for what occurs whenever the research that appears in the published literature is systematically unrepresentative of the population of completed studies. This bias can provide a flaw of the result of meta-analysis. In this article, the causes and origins of publication bias are reviewed, and then the history and some findings of publication bias in medical research are presented. Several statistical methods that have been developed to detect, quantify and assess the impact of publication bias in meta-analysis are demonstrated.
著者
星野 高
出版者
日本演劇学会
雑誌
演劇学論集 日本演劇学会紀要 (ISSN:13482815)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.75, pp.1-19, 2022-12-15 (Released:2023-01-07)

This paper aims to demonstrate the relationship between Broadway revues and Japanese entertainment stages in the 1920s by examining one specific production. The revue style gained popularity on Japanese stages around 1930, but the influence of Broadway revues on performances on Japanese stages has not been discussed in Japanese theatre history studies. However, there were some Japanese people engaged in theatre productions who had contemporaneously watched Broadway revues in New York in the 1920s. Among such people, a female magician, Syokyokusai Tenkatsu, and her troupe performed some Broadway revues at Teigeki Theatre, Tokyo, in 1925. They did not advertise the details, but their “Jazz” songs, “Jazz Dances,” and “Sungeki” sketches at the Teigeki stage were programs picked up from some Broadway revues performed in 1924. A year before the Teigeki production, Tenkatsu's troupe performed in a vaudeville show at Hippodrome Theatre, New York, and got the opportunity to experience the popularity of those programs at the local level and judge their potential for Japanese audiences in the future. Understanding the relationship between Broadway revues of 1924 and Tenkatsu's Teigeki production can facilitate a comparison of other Japanese entertainment stages of the 1920s to Broadway revues of the same time. Tenkatsu's “Broadway revue” at Teigeki in 1925 is the key production to observe an untold aspect of Japanese theatre history in the 1920s.
著者
井上 敬介 浦山 由巳 上久木田 務 白井 俊光 白木澤 治 杉山 篤央 須藤 眞生 田中 広徳 田原 繁広 那須川 真澄 平原 茂人 堀江 匠 光吉 浩 三原 宏美 宮本 貴之 村上 大吉郎 山中 邦昭
出版者
一般社団法人日本PDA製薬学会
雑誌
日本PDA学術誌 GMPとバリデーション (ISSN:13444891)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.17, no.1, pp.5-93, 2015 (Released:2015-08-12)

This publication has been prepared to express a sound and practical view on the better manufacturing environmental control for non-sterile pharmaceutical dosage forms, which has been discussed for several years by a special working group members of Kansai Study Group (KSG) accredited as one of the committees in Parenteral Drug Association (PDA) Japan Chapter. The opinions proposed or advanced in the document are formed for the purpose of furnishing a beneficial and valuable guide with advisability to any persons or organizations concerned in establishing appropriate manufacturing control systems for quality products.   The leading topics discussed among the WG are focused on the prevention against cross-contamination and foreign matter ingress, and categorized into five subjects composed of HVAC systems, premises, gowning, cleaning, and cleanliness standards. Constructive and earnest discussion therein has been devoted to the key processes, wherein considerable amounts of powders are handled for the successful operations of weighing, granulation, mixing, and tableting. In the expectation of good usage, many of the principles and the way of thinking presented hereupon, in particular can be applied or rearranged to a wide spectrum of other manufacturing processes for various dosage forms of non-sterile drug products.
著者
横井 正之 田城 孝雄
出版者
Japanese Society of Drug Informatics
雑誌
医薬品情報学 (ISSN:13451464)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.19, no.4, pp.188-194, 2018-02-28 (Released:2018-03-21)
参考文献数
10

Objective: We analyzed the effects of the number of prescriptions on the number of drug stocks in community pharmacies by administering questionnaires to community pharmacies in Shiga Prefecture, Japan (N=159).Methords: We identified a significant positive correlation between drug stocks and their amount, and a significant negative correlation between inventory turnover and the concentration ratio of prescriptions issued by any medical institutions.  Therefore, this implies that the amount of drug stocks influenced value, and a lower ratio of prescriptions issued by neighboring medical institutions increased inventory turnover.  Furthermore, multi-regression analyses on the amount of drug stocks and the number of prescriptions from neighboring medical institutions and other medical institutions were performed.  The results are as follows.Results: The number of stock drugs is much less influenced by the number of the prescription of vicinity medical institutions than the other medical institutions.  On the other hands, the money amount of stock is more influenced by the number of the prescription of vicinity medical institutions than the other medical institutions.Conclusions: We thus identified the relation between the number of prescriptions from neighboring or other medical institutions and the number of drug stocks and their amount.  These findings will be made available to community pharmacies that want to prescriptions issued by not only the neighboring medical institutions but others as well.
著者
亀井 翼
出版者
日本第四紀学会
雑誌
第四紀研究 (ISSN:04182642)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.52, no.1, pp.1-12, 2013-02-01 (Released:2013-06-19)
参考文献数
36

モグラの巣穴掘り活動が遺跡に与える影響について,茨城県稲敷郡美浦村陸平貝塚を対象に検討した.まず,モグラが移動できる物体のサイズを明らかにするために,現生モグラ塚の調査を行い,モグラによる遺物選別パターンを観察した.その結果,モグラによる擾乱によって,最大長5 cm未満の遺物の一部は地表と地表浅部を往復し,5 cm以上の遺物は沈下することが予想された.次に,モグラによる擾乱を出土遺物のサイズから評価するために,陸平貝塚DNo.3トレンチにおいて,深度ごとの出土遺物サイズの計測を行った.その結果,貝塚堆積後に形成された堆積土壌において,遺物がモグラによって垂直的に再配置されている可能性が示唆された.モグラによる動物擾乱などの生物擾乱は,日本列島の完新世における遺跡形成過程の一部を担っている.それゆえ,生物擾乱の評価は遺物空間配置を議論する上で重要である.