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著者
加藤 秀人
出版者
東京女子医科大学学会
雑誌
東京女子医科大学雑誌 (ISSN:00409022)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.90, no.1, pp.1-13, 2020-02-15 (Released:2020-02-26)
参考文献数
69

Stress responses are part of an important system in maintaining the homeostasis of a living organism. After acute inflammation, if tissue repair is incomplete or stress is not completely removed with an excessive and prolonged inflammatory response, damage is accumulated in living organs and chronic inflammation persists. Thus, irreversible tissue and organ damage occurs, which is accompanied by fibrosis. Further, inflammatory diseases, such as fibrotic diseases, autoimmune diseases, allergies, and arteriosclerosis, account for most causes of deaths in humans; therefore, it is extremely important to understand mechanisms of inflammation and to establish a control method. Inflammation is caused by a complex influence of various molecules and cells that form networks through inflammatory cytokines. Since various factors influence each other, the onset time, degree, and duration of inflammation may differ. This article explains the mechanism of inflammation, presents findings on its regulatory factors and methods, and enumerates the innate immune system receptors (pattern recognition receptors) and responsible cells (neutrophils, innate lymphoid cells, natural killer T cells) that cause inflammation. This article thus aims to understand the complex networks involved in inflammation.
著者
打越 文弥
出版者
日本家族社会学会
雑誌
家族社会学研究 (ISSN:0916328X)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.28, no.2, pp.136-147, 2016-10-31 (Released:2018-04-11)
参考文献数
20

本研究では,日本における学歴同類婚の世代間連鎖とその趨勢を検討する.類似した社会的特徴を持つカップルが結婚する同類婚という傾向の中でも,学歴同類婚は開放性指標に加え,不平等拡大に寄与する要因としても注目されている.既存の研究は一世代に限定したときの同類婚に注目していたが,結婚パターンにも世代間の同質性の効果があるという指摘を踏まえ,本研究は世代間関係に着目した上でも,学歴同類婚の傾向が見られるかを時系列的に検討する.複数の社会調査データを統合した計量分析から以下が明らかとなった.第一に,親世代の学歴結合の同質性は子ども世代の同質性と関連を持つ.第二に,学歴同類婚の連鎖はいったん減少し,近年のコーホートで再び増加している.第三に,ログリニアモデルの分析から,周辺度数を考慮したうえでも,同類婚の連鎖は近年強化されている傾向が示され,その要因は中・高学歴の同類婚連鎖の連関が強まったことに求められる.
著者
脇坂 ちひろ 飯豊 深雪
出版者
一般社団法人 日本アレルギー学会
雑誌
アレルギー (ISSN:00214884)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.54, no.6, pp.569-571, 2005-06-30 (Released:2017-02-10)

アリルイソプロピルアセチル尿素(以下AIAU)は緩和な睡眠鎮痛作用をもつモノウレイド系の薬剤で多数の一般医薬品に配合されている. 今回我々は月経痛の度に内服していたイブA(R)に含まれていたAIAUによる固定薬疹の一例を経験したので報告する. 症例:46歳, 女性. 初診:2003年8月4日. 既往歴家族歴:薬剤アレルギーはない. 現病歴:約5年前より月経の度に口唇, 陰部, 手指に水疱, びらんが出現. これまで数件皮膚科を受診し単純性疱疹の診断でアシクロビルを投与されていた. また, 月経痛のため月経時にイブA(R), テプレノンを, 鉄欠乏性貧血のため時々クエン酸第一鉄ナトリウムを内服していた. 皮疹が肛囲や四肢にも広がってきたため, 症状出現の約3日後に当科受診. 現症:口唇に水疱, びらんを伴う発赤, 腫脹があり, 陰部, 肛囲, 両手指, 右前腕, 右臀部, 右大腿部後面, 左足関節部にも周囲に紅量を伴う水疱やびらんを認めた. また, 全身倦怠感もみられた. 病理組織像(右大腿部後面の水疱):表皮内に壊死した角化細胞が多数あり真皮表皮境界部は著明な空胞変性のため表皮下水疱を形成していた.
著者
中井 彩香 泉 明宏 沼崎 誠
出版者
公益社団法人 日本心理学会
雑誌
心理学研究 (ISSN:00215236)
巻号頁・発行日
pp.93.21318, (Released:2022-09-30)
参考文献数
27

A new method for measuring implicit self-esteem was developed: asking a person how much they like their name. One previous study which tested the validity of this name-liking measure with using mainly Westerner as participants found that the measure was positively correlated with the self-esteem Implicit Association Test (IAT), the name-letter task, and explicit self-esteem measures. In this study, we examined whether name-liking is an indicator of implicit self-esteem in Japan. In six studies, 646 participants completed the self-esteem IAT, Rosenberg self-esteem scale, and name-liking measure. Meta-analysis showed that name-liking was positively correlated with the Rosenberg self-esteem scale but not significantly correlated with the self-esteem IAT. These results suggest that, in Japan, name-liking cannot be used as a substitute for the self-esteem IAT, which is the most commonly used measure of implicit self-esteem.
著者
石井 辰典
出版者
日本認知科学会
雑誌
認知科学 (ISSN:13417924)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.30, no.2, pp.154-160, 2023-06-01 (Released:2023-06-15)
参考文献数
10

Recently, a multi-lab study has become increasingly popular. It’s one of the empirical study methods where researchers from various regions and cultures around the world conduct research at the same time using the same procedures. This paper discusses how to participate in a multi-lab study, the advantages of the participation, and the problems associated with the participation. First, any researchers can be involved in a multi-lab study and its process is not much different from that of traditional international collaborative studies. Next, it is highlighted that multi-lab studies have greater academic implications than meta-analyses and that providing Japanese data increases the significance of it. Finally, the paper points out that the financial and authorship issues associated with the participation in a multi-lab study should be overcome.
著者
齋藤 崇治
出版者
日本行動計量学会
雑誌
行動計量学 (ISSN:03855481)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.49, no.2, pp.197-205, 2022 (Released:2023-04-22)
参考文献数
39

The U.S. president influences the economy in many ways. However, the question of how the president perceives the economy has not been sufficiently analyzed, despite the fact that the president plays an important role in this mechanism. Using the Economic Report of the President of the United States as a case study, this study examines how the president perceives the economic situation. First, we conduct a sentiment analysis of the Economic Report of the President and quantify the positivity and negativity of the Economic Report of the President for each year using polarity values. We will then conduct a multiple regression analysis using this score as the dependent variable to analyze the factors that define the positivity of the President's economic perception. The results of the analysis showed that it was the unemployment rate, not political factors such as Congress and elections, that defined the president's economic perception.
著者
大井 将生 渡邉 英徳
出版者
デジタルアーカイブ学会
雑誌
デジタルアーカイブ学会誌 (ISSN:24329762)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.7, no.3, pp.e24-e32, 2023 (Released:2023-07-03)
参考文献数
34

本稿ではデジタルアーカイブ資料の活用を促進する二次利用条件のあり方を提示する。まず、ジャパンサーチとADEACを対象として資料の二次利用条件を調査する。その結果、それぞれ38.9%、57.9%のアーカイブで活用の阻害要因となる条件が設定されていることが確認された。この課題をふまえ、資料公開機関と教員による教材化ワークショップを実践する。その結果、酒田市の事例では、学校利用が制限なく可能な条件に変更された。以上より、1. 多くのアーカイブで活用の阻害要因となる二次利用条件が設定されていること、2. 資料公開機関とユーザが活用を基盤とした連携を行うことで資料のオープン化を推進できる可能性が示唆された。
著者
大舘 大學
出版者
北海道立北方民族博物館
雑誌
北海道立北方民族博物館研究紀要 (ISSN:09183159)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.21, pp.65-94, 2012 (Released:2020-03-31)

The sable is an important animal for fur trade in the world since the ancient time in Eurasia. Therefore, it is important to review the names for the sables in various languages in Eurasia to investigate the transmission of words for the sables. In the present paper, to give basic information for the transmission and transformation of the words for the sable in Eurasia, words for the sable and 3 other species of marten (Martes sp.), weasels, and squirrels in Eurasian languages were investigated. In East Asia, the sable is called in various words. The sable was called “furuki ” (or fuluki) in ancient Japan (ca. 8 to 13 c.). It is called “hoinu ” -like words in Ainu language, “dambi ” with modifiers or other words in Korean, “bulgan ”-like words in Mongolic languages, and “segep ”-like words in Tungusic languages, and “diao ” with modifiers in Chinese. In the regions of central-western Eurasia where the sable is (was) distributed, the sable is called in words of “bulgan ”-like words in Mongolic languages, those of “kish ”-like words in Turkic languages, “nukse ”-like words in Finno-Ugric languages, and “sobol ” in Russian. In Iranian languages, the sable is fundamentally called in “samur ”. The word “samur ” is spread in central-western Asia and southeastern Europe. In northern-western Europe, the sable is called in “sobol ”-like words. In Eurasian languages, martens are sometimes called in the words related with squirrels. Especially, it is not worthy that squirrels are called “uluki ” -like words in Tungusic languages.
著者
村田 久行
出版者
一般社団法人 日本ペインクリニック学会
雑誌
日本ペインクリニック学会誌 (ISSN:13404903)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.18, no.1, pp.1-8, 2011 (Released:2011-02-04)
参考文献数
9
被引用文献数
3

緩和医療の臨床で生の無意味,無価値,空虚などの苦しみを訴える終末期がん患者のスピリチュアルペインを「自己の存在と意味の消滅から生じる苦痛」と定義して,それを人間存在の時間性,関係性,自律性の三次元から分析した.その結果,終末期がん患者のスピリチュアルペインを,将来の喪失(時間性),他者の喪失(関係性),自律性の喪失(自律性)から生じる苦痛であると解明し,この構造解明に基づきスピリチュアルケアの指針は,死をも超えた将来の回復,他者の回復,自律の回復にあることを示した.そして,終末期がん患者のスピリチュアルペインの緩和が患者の身体的苦痛の軽減に影響を与えることを示唆した.
著者
平野 敦史
出版者
公益社団法人 自動車技術会
雑誌
自動車技術会論文集 (ISSN:02878321)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.46, no.2, pp.393-398, 2015 (Released:2018-01-25)
参考文献数
10
被引用文献数
1

ホイール剛性の操縦安定性への影響について要因解明のため実験解析を行った.ホイール剛性の補強案別を用いて操安性試験およびタイヤ接地特性試験を行った.ホイール剛性をディスク剛性とリム剛性に分けてそれぞれの影響について比較検証を行い,ディスク剛性とリム剛性のタイヤ接地特性および操安性への寄与を明確にした.
著者
岡崎 善弘 井邑 智哉 高村 真広 徳永 智子
出版者
日本時間学会
雑誌
時間学研究 (ISSN:18820093)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.9, pp.1-7, 2018 (Released:2019-05-01)

夏休みの宿題は短期間で終えることができないため,児童は夏休み前に取り組み方を計画する。本研究は,小学生 (小学4年生~6年生) を対象として,計画した通りに宿題に取り組むことができたのか調査した。宿題に取り組む計画を事前に調査し,長期休暇が明けた後に実際の取り組み方を調べた結果,長期休暇の前半で宿題を終える計画 (前半集中型) は破綻している割合が他の計画タイプよりも高かった。さらに,宿題の取り組み方と夏休み明けのストレスの関連を調べた結果,夏休みの後半から宿題に取り組んだ児童は他の児童よりストレスは高いことが示唆された。
著者
河原 典史
出版者
The Human Geographical Society of Japan
雑誌
人文地理 (ISSN:00187216)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.42, no.2, pp.168-181, 1990-04-28 (Released:2009-04-28)
参考文献数
42
被引用文献数
5

The regional character of different places can berecognized through living styles and their changes in rural houses. In this study, the author examined functional changes and their factors in rural houses according to the changes in fishing, taking rural houses in fishery villages which have been neglected as an example. As a case study, the author took up funaya settlements in Ineura, in which many kinds of functions are mixed.It was in the Taisho Era that the living functions of funaya which had functions for fishing, such as dry-docking a boat, keeping fishery tools, drying fishing nets and so on, began to come into existence. And it was after World War II that these living functions remarkably expanded.The forms of funaya have greatly changed from a simple two-storied house to a regular two-storied house, because the living space has expanded to the upper stories of funaya since the war ended.The following factors can be given as the reasons for which funaya are equipped with living functions:1. the economic factor: prosperity of fishing in 1950, 1951 and in 1970∼1975.2. the physical factor: linear villages which have little space for housing land.3. a social factor: the rise of nuclear families.Non-fishing families which have a large main house don't need funaya so few of these funaya are equipped with living functions. Furthermore, since about 1965, funaya have had a surplus of living space, so some houses are often found to be changed into minshuku (guest houses).At the present time, the place for dry-docking a boat on the first floor of funaya is classifiied into 4 types: A, B, C and D (see Fig. 8). The main reason is that fiberglass-reinforced-plastic (F.R.P.) boats were introduced in 1969 and the weaving industry spread in 1961.A type: This type doesn't show changes of form. Despite being equipped with dry-docking functions, these are hardly used.B type: Though this type shows changes in form, it still preserves its function for dry-docking boats.C type: This is the type in which formal change is the same as the functional one when the function for dry-docking boats disappeared because of the introduction of F.R.P. boats.D type: This is the type in which the function for dry-docking of boats has disappeared and the forms have changed a great deal, owing to protection of weaving machines and commercial goods.
著者
板倉 陽一郎 熊谷 雄介 猪谷 誠一
出版者
情報法制学会
雑誌
情報法制研究 (ISSN:24330264)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.11, pp.110-120, 2022 (Released:2022-08-28)

The Contract Guidelines on Utilization of AI and Data by METI assume that appropriate negotiations are conducted in advance between the parties concerned regarding the licensing of data, etc. that do not fall under the category of copyrighted works. However, in practice, OSS licenses are often used to distribute training datasets and trained models that are not copyrighted works. It is understood that a license using an OSS license is valid when it is not immediately clear whether the object of the license is a copyrighted work. It is reasonable to interpret “use” in the license terms as equivalent to the “use” under the Copyright Act, even for data that is not a copyrighted work. The issues of commercial and for-profit use and so-called ShareAlike can also be considered on the premise of such an interpretation. It may be necessary to discuss the clause concerning the distribution of data that does not fall under the category of copyrighted works in an international data protection forum.
著者
菅 俊光
出版者
日本脊髄外科学会
雑誌
脊髄外科 (ISSN:09146024)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.31, no.1, pp.12-19, 2017 (Released:2017-07-08)
参考文献数
34
被引用文献数
1