著者
雑喉谷 峻平 木下 光
出版者
日本建築学会
雑誌
日本建築学会計画系論文集 (ISSN:13404210)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.81, no.721, pp.633-643, 2016 (Released:2016-03-30)
参考文献数
85
被引用文献数
1 1

This study aims to clarify the historical transition of the Public Retail Market in pre-war Osaka city on following 3 aspects. 1. The urban policies and social position of the Public Retail Market were analyzed through papers of Hajime SEKI and Osaka's Council minutes. 2. The historical transition of the Public Retail Market were classified by the analysis of gross floor area, structure, plan, elevation and section drawings of 21 buildings. 3. How the Public Retail Market had played the role as the core of the living environment was shown by the survey of two case.
著者
須藤 信行
出版者
公益財団法人 日本ビフィズス菌センター
雑誌
腸内細菌学雑誌 (ISSN:13430882)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.19, no.1, pp.25-29, 2005 (Released:2005-07-05)
参考文献数
24

常在細菌叢は,体表面積の95%以上を占める広大な粘膜面を介して生体と接触しており,その細菌数は成人で10 14,重量にして1 kgにも相当するとされている.これら常在細菌は,生後の消化管免疫組織の分化,発達において重要な役割を演じているが,最近では他の様々な生理機能へも関与していることが明らかにされつつある.ストレスにより腸内細菌叢が変化することは,古くから指摘されてきたことであるが,最近の研究により腸内細菌の違いがストレス曝露時の主要経路のひとつである視床下部-下垂体-副腎軸の反応性を変化させることを明らかにした.このように脳と腸内細菌は神経系,内分泌系,免疫系を介して相互に情報伝達していることが明らかとなった.
著者
土居 浩 中村 精紀 望月 由武人 徳永 仁 吉田 陽一 大橋 元一郎 井田 正博
出版者
日本脊髄外科学会
雑誌
脊髄外科 (ISSN:09146024)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.23, no.2, pp.211-217, 2009 (Released:2017-05-11)
参考文献数
14

Spontaneous spinal cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) leaks are an increasingly recognized cause of intracranial hypotension. Comprehensive diagnostic criteria encompassing the varied clinical and radiographic manifestations of spontaneous intracranial hypotension are not available. In this report the authors review the diagnosis of the point of cerebrospinal fluid leak. The major presenting symptoms include postural headaches, nausea, vomiting, and diplopia. Often, there is no history of traumatic injury. The most common cranial magnetic resonance (MR) imaging features include pachymeningeal gadolinium enhancement. MR myelography is a non invasive method to detect CSF leakage, however, extradural hyperintensity on MR myelography is non-specific for CSF. Fat-saturated T2-weighted imaging and post contrast T1-weighted imaging should be added to confirm CSF leakage. On spinal MR images, meningeal cysts and extradural venous plexus are frequently misdiagnosed as CSF leakage. In cases in which symptoms are severe and refractory to less invasive measures, surgical intervention is indicated. Recently, some authors reported the identification of upper cervical epidural fluid collections as a false localizing sign in patients with spontaneous intracranial hypotension (SIH) and this has provided significant insight into the selection of management options. However, herein we report on true C1-2 CSF leakage. We examined a group of consecutive patients with 25 SIH and 13 posttraumatic CSF hypovolemia and investigated clinical, MRI, CT myelography, and radioisotope findings and therapeutic outcomes of this syndrome.
著者
Shion Sekizawa Tsubasa Kohyama
出版者
公益社団法人 日本気象学会
雑誌
SOLA (ISSN:13496476)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.18, pp.129-134, 2022 (Released:2022-06-21)
参考文献数
13
被引用文献数
13

On 15 January 2022, the volcano Hunga Tonga about 8000-km away from Japan explosively erupted. Following the eruption, tsunami-like sea-level fluctuations were observed in Japan, much earlier than expected based on the oceanic long-wave propagation from Tonga. By contrast, atmospheric pressure disturbance presumably due to the eruption was also observed about 30 minutes before the sea-level change. Therefore, the observed sea-level fluctuations can be considered as meteotsunamis forced by the pressure perturbation rather than tectonically forced by the eruption, but the mechanism is not yet fully understood. This study attempts to understand the nature of this meteotsunami by using a simple one-dimensional shallow-water model. The results show that the time and amplitude of the observed sea-level changes are consistent with the simulated sea-level changes forced by the atmospheric forcing. A set of experiments with different bathymetry profiles also reveals the importance of amplification due to near-Proudman resonance over deep basins and the shoaling effect over the continental slope, while extremely deep and narrow topography such as trenches is of second-order importance.
著者
小田川 華子
出版者
社会政策学会
雑誌
社会政策 (ISSN:18831850)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.11, no.3, pp.139-150, 2020-03-20 (Released:2022-04-04)
参考文献数
24

本研究の目的は,低所得世帯において家賃負担が子どもの生活にどう影響しているかを明らかにし,子どもの相対的貧困対策について示唆を得ることである。分析対象は東京都「子供の生活実態調査」(小5,中2,16~17歳親子,2016年)の回答者のうち家賃を支払う世帯(n=1435)で,所得・家賃負担率・住宅の広さの組み合わせで11群を生成し,生活に現れる困難の程度の違いについて回帰分析を行った。分析の結果,年収214~359万円で狭小住宅に住む高家賃負担の世帯では,衣食住,その他の子どものための支出や学習環境などにしわ寄せがいっていること,年収359万円未満層のうち非狭小住宅で高家賃負担の世帯は「見えない貧困」層の傾向があること,年収359万円未満層の低家賃負担世帯は家賃減免等を受けてもなお子どもの生活が圧迫されていることが明らかになった。家賃補助,その他の給付等の充実,子育て世帯向けの低家賃住宅の供給が求められる。
著者
八田 武志 八田 武俊 戸田山 和久 唐沢 穣
出版者
人間環境学研究会
雑誌
人間環境学研究 (ISSN:13485253)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.9, no.1, pp.41-46, 2011 (Released:2011-06-30)
参考文献数
14

The present study examined whether false beliefs on neuroscience among college students can be corrected by the class lecture of neuropsychology. On the basis of a within subjects experimental design, a 21-item questionnaire was administered to 30 female students from a school of psychology during the first class meeting in a semester as the pre-test and at the final class meeting as the post-test. The participants were asked to judge whether each statement was correct or wrong and evaluate the confidence in their response on a 5-point Likert-type scale. The comparison between the pre- and post-tests with respect to the overall correct response rate showed a significant effect. However, further analyses for separate questionnaire items showed that the majority of items did not show any significant change individually between the pre- and post-tests, with only two exceptional items showing the effect. Therefore, it seems reasonable to conclude that the present results suggest the following. That is, although the class lecture of neuro-psychology discussed issues such as the methodology in scientific research, limitations of brain imaging, and refutation of false information in textbooks concerning the right versus left brains, it nevertheless remained to be a difficult task to reduce the misconception of false scientific information among students by lectures in classrooms. We also emphasized the responsibility that mass media is a powerful source of misunderstanding in the scientific knowledge among the general public.
著者
寺嶋 淳
出版者
一般社団法人 日本内科学会
雑誌
日本内科学会雑誌 (ISSN:00215384)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.101, no.11, pp.3154-3161, 2012 (Released:2013-11-10)
参考文献数
10
被引用文献数
1

イノシシなどの野生動物の肉を生食して寄生虫疾患に罹患することがあるが,近年では,食肉用家畜の食肉を生食することによるカンピロバクター,腸管出血性大腸菌などの細菌感染症が発生している.腸管出血性大腸菌感染症では溶血性尿毒症症候群や脳症で死亡することもある.また,馬肉の住肉胞子虫による食中毒や豚レバー刺しによるアジア条虫症も報告されており,肉の生食による危険性を十分に認識しておかねばならない.
著者
杉山 雅樹
出版者
東京外国語大学アジア・アフリカ言語文化研究所
雑誌
アジア・アフリカ言語文化研究 (ISSN:03872807)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.2022, no.103, pp.17-53, 2022 (Released:2022-03-31)
参考文献数
20

Muʻīn al-Dīn Muḥammad Isfizārī’s Rawḍāt al-Jannāt has long been widely acclaimed in Iranian historical studies. However, the manuscripts of this work have received little attention since a critical edition of the text was published in Tehran in 1959–61. Therefore, this research examines the extant manuscripts. The purpose of this paper is to (I) classify the surviving manuscripts of the work into four groups and describe the features of each group based on differences in the total number of chapters and sections; (II) introduce the contents of the accounts that were not included in the revised text and demonstrate their historical significance; and (III) present the text of these accounts. The defining characteristic of manuscripts in Group A is that they contain Chapter 27, which is not found in the manuscripts of the other groups. Manuscripts in Groups B and C consist of 26 chapters, but there are omissions in several sections of the manuscript in Group C. Finally, Group D includes the only manuscript containing Sections 1 and 2 of Chapter 26. An analysis of the contents of Chapter 27 and Sections 1 and 2 of Chapter 26 shows that the author of each account is Isfizārī himself and that they contain unique information about the late Timurids. First, Chapter 27 provides information about tax items that are prohibited under Islamic law. Second, the names of 14 princes of Sulṭān Ḥusayn (r. 1469–70, 1470–1506) are included in Section 1 of Chapter 26. Third, Sulṭān Ḥusayn’s architectural projects are described in Section 2 of Chapter 26. As there is little information about these subjects in the other historical sources for the late Timurids, it is obvious that the accounts not included in the revised version of Rawḍāt al-Jannāt have significant value.
著者
Daisuke Shigemi Hiroki Matsui Kiyohide Fushimi Hideo Yasunaga
出版者
Society for Clinical Epidemiology
雑誌
Annals of Clinical Epidemiology (ISSN:24344338)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.1, no.1, pp.11-17, 2019 (Released:2020-06-12)
参考文献数
23
被引用文献数
2

BACKGROUNDAnti-N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor (anti-NMDAR) encephalitis is an autoimmune disease with multiple neurologic symptoms with or without a tumor, including ovarian teratoma. In the present study, a national inpatient database in Japan was used to investigate the characteristics, treatment, and outcomes of hospitalized patients with anti-NMDAR encephalitis who received initial treatment.METHODSUsing the Diagnosis Procedure Combination database, we identified all patients who were diagnosed with anti-NMDAR encephalitis and received initial first-line treatments (methylprednisolone, intravenous immunoglobulin, plasma exchange, and tumor removal) and second-line treatments (cyclophosphamide and rituximab) from July 2010 to March 2017. We excluded patients who received no immunotherapy or surgical treatment and those for whom data were missing. We investigated the characteristics, treatment, and outcomes of eligible patients.RESULTSIn total, 163 eligible patients were identified. Of these patients, 116 (71%) were female and 44 (28%) were ≤19 years of age. Among the female patients, 44 (38%) had a tumor. Thirty-nine patients (24%) were admitted to the intensive care unit during their hospitalization. Methylprednisolone, intravenous immunoglobulin, and plasma exchange were used as initial therapy in 82%, 56%, and 34% of patients, respectively. Second-line treatments were rarely used. Most patients were alert or had a slight disturbance of consciousness upon discharge. The proportion of patients discharged to home was 55%.CONCLUSIONSThe results of this Japanese study on anti-NMDAR encephalitis suggest that patients’ characteristics and outcomes including the male-to-female ratio, proportion of associated tumors, treatment options, and consciousness disturbance may differ from those in previous reports from other countries.
著者
田和 康太 佐川 志朗
出版者
応用生態工学会
雑誌
応用生態工学 (ISSN:13443755)
巻号頁・発行日
pp.21-00019, (Released:2022-03-23)
参考文献数
80
被引用文献数
2

本研究では,豊岡市内の休耕田を周年湛水した水田ビオトープにおいて健全な湿地環境の指標分類群となるトンボ目幼虫,水生コウチュウ目,水生カメムシ目およびカエル類を対象とした生息状況調査を実施した.まず,経年的なモニタリング調査により,各水生動物の生活史において水田ビオトープが季節的にどのように寄与しているか明らかにすることを目指した.また,これらの水生動物の季節消長を周辺の水田およびマルチトープ(承水路)と比較することにより,水田ビオトープにおける水生動物群集の特徴を整理した.水田ビオトープには,ため池に生息するトンボ目や年多化性のトンボ目,コミズムシ属,早春期に繁殖するニホンアカガエル等の繁殖場所となることが示唆された.また,水生コウチュウ目成虫の個体数が 8 月以降に急増し,さらに深場では,ミズカマキリやハイイロゲンゴロウの個体数が秋期に急増した.このことから,水田ビオトープは多種の水生昆虫にとって,周辺水田の落水時避難場所や非繁殖期の生息場所,越冬場所となることが示唆された.その一方で多種の水生コウチュウ目やアカネ属,ニホンアマガエル,ヌマガエルは水田ビオトープよりも一時的水域である調査区の水田やマルチトープを主な繁殖場所とすると推察された.このことから,各水生動物の種ごとあるいは目的や季節ごとに選好する水域が変化することを踏まえ,周年湛水域である水田ビオトープだけでなく一時的水域である水田やマルチトープといった様々なタイプの水域が組み合わせて水生動物群集の多様性を保全すべきと考えられた.また,水田ビオトープの深場がウシガエルの繁殖場所となっている負の効果もみとめられ,外来種の繁殖抑制等,水田ビオトープの適切な管理を行いながら水生動物群集の保全効果を高めていく必要があると推察された.

16 0 0 0 OA 家畜の双口吸虫

著者
茅根 士郎
出版者
公益社団法人 日本獣医師会
雑誌
日本獣医師会雑誌 (ISSN:04466454)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.32, no.12, pp.661-670, 1979-12-20 (Released:2011-06-17)
参考文献数
62
被引用文献数
3 4
著者
安達 成彦
出版者
日本結晶学会
雑誌
日本結晶学会誌 (ISSN:03694585)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.63, no.4, pp.267-272, 2021-12-15 (Released:2021-12-18)
参考文献数
11

In March 2018, KEK obtained a 200 kV cryogenic electron microscopy(cryo-EM; a Talos Arctica G2 with a Falcon 3EC direct electron detector)and prepared a pipeline for solving high-resolution structures of macromolecular biomolecules, such as proteins, DNA, and RNA. In October 2018, the cryo-EM facility in KEK opened to academic and industrial users. Our mission is three-fold:to provide cryo-EM machine time for external users, to support grid-prep and data collection(and single particle analysis, if needed), and to help users acquire cryo-EM skills. One remarkable result is the single-particle analysis of an 860-kDa enzyme at 2.05 angstrom resolution, which suggested that we had established a proper protocol for cryo-EM operation and single-particle analysis. We will continue to support external users and carry out cryo-EM single particle analysis of macromolecular biomolecules.