著者

井谷 聡子

出版者

日本スポーツとジェンダー学会

雑誌

スポーツとジェンダー研究 (ISSN:13482157)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.14, pp.105-117, 2016 (Released:2017-04-25)

参考文献数

24

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To think about the “equity and justice” in the context of sports mega-event, in which power structures overlap and diverse political interests collide, requires complicated and vigorous theoretical and ethical discussions. It is inadequate to consider the issue of equity and justice based on one identity category, such as gender or sexuality, separated from other overriding identities and issues, such as the athletes’ nationality, race, ethnicity, socio-economic status and ability, sponsor’s and host city’s interests, the politics within sports organizations, the impact on the host city’s local communities, environmental destruction and so on. Therefore, it is, crucial to continue the critical engagement with the complicated matrix of power and politics of sports mega-events and to maintain the focus on the experiences of those who are oppressed and marginalized by the sports mega-event in order to take a step towards equity and justice in sport. In this paper, I utilize queer and post-colonial theories to examine the multifaceted power structures and the politics, and the issues oppression and exclusion that are often made invisible in sports mega-events.

著者

上村 清 倉井 華子 忽那 賢志

出版者

日本ペストロジー学会

雑誌

ペストロジー (ISSN:18803415)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.35, no.2, pp.49-55, 2020-09-25 (Released:2021-09-25)

参考文献数

33

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イノシシが引き起こす人獣共通感染症のうち,ウイルス病である日本脳炎,SFTS,狂犬病,E型肝炎,豚インフルエンザ,ニパウイルス感染症,細菌・リケッチア病である日本紅斑熱,寄生虫病である回虫症,旋毛虫症,猪オンコセルカ症,顎口虫症,肺吸虫症,有鉤条虫症,クリプトスポリジウム症について解説した.イノシシから感染する人獣共通感染症が多くあるので,ジビエ料理には衛生管理が欠かせない.

著者

松井 奨吾 徳永 正浩 吉川 慎一 長谷川 千紘 近藤 篤史 西浦 伸子 井上 慎也 冨永 信彦 前田 哲生

出版者

一般社団法人 日本血液学会

雑誌

臨床血液 (ISSN:04851439)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.63, no.11, pp.1513-1519, 2022 (Released:2022-12-08)

参考文献数

15

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症例は34歳男性で,特記すべき医学的背景はなし。1回目のmRNA-1273 COVID-19ワクチン接種4日後に発熱が出現した。SARS-CoV-2 PCR検査は陰性で,抗生物質で改善を認めず。接種10日目に好中球・血小板減少および肝機能障害により紹介入院となった。フェリチンと可溶性IL-2レセプターの上昇も認めた。活動性ウイルス感染症は否定的で,CTでは感染巣はなく肝門部リンパ節腫脹と軽度の肝脾腫を認め,血液培養は陰性であった。骨髄検査で血球貪食像を認めたがリンパ腫細胞の浸潤はなし。血球貪食性リンパ組織球症と考えてmethylprednisolone(2 mg/kg)を入院当日に開始し,発熱は速やかに消失し,検査値異常も改善後に再燃を認めず。他の誘因がなく接種直後に発症したことからワクチンによる二次性血球貪食性リンパ組織球症と最終診断した。極めて稀ではあるがCOVID-19ワクチンの種類によらず報告されており,致命的となりうるため早急な診断と治療が重要と考える。

著者

神林 博史

出版者

数理社会学会

雑誌

理論と方法 (ISSN:09131442)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.32, no.1, pp.177-187, 2017 (Released:2017-07-19)

参考文献数

7

著者

高橋 郁文 松崎 太郎 黒木 裕士 細 正博

出版者

一般社団法人 日本基礎理学療法学会

雑誌

基礎理学療法学 (ISSN:24366382)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.24, no.1, pp.17-25, 2021 (Released:2021-11-04)

参考文献数

42

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メカニカルストレス,特に荷重は関節軟骨の組織学的および機能的維持にとって必要不可欠とされる。しかしながら,臨床では様々な疾患の治療に付随して安静臥床が強いられ,下肢の荷重関節に対するメカニカルストレスが減少する。不動や不活動が骨格筋および骨に対して廃用性の組織学的変化を引き起こすことは広く知られている。同様に,関節軟骨においても非荷重環境が廃用性の組織学的変化を引き起こすことが基礎および臨床研究において報告され,2019 年には「関節軟骨の廃用性萎縮」として提唱された。この廃用性萎縮の主たる組織学的変化は菲薄化と基質染色性の低下であり,我々はラット後肢非荷重モデルを使用し,4 週間の非荷重環境が脛骨の関節軟骨に廃用性萎縮を引き起こすことを報告した。本稿では我々の研究グループが取り組んできた関節軟骨および変形性関節症に関する知見と現在進行中の研究経過について紹介させていただく。

著者

横井 敏郎

出版者

一般社団法人 日本教育学会

雑誌

教育学研究 (ISSN:03873161)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.85, no.2, pp.186-195, 2018-06-30 (Released:2018-10-17)

参考文献数

39

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2016年12月に「義務教育の段階における普通教育に相当する教育の機会の確保等に関する法律」が成立した。本稿は本法制定論議の時期区分と主な論点、制定に関わった主体・潮流の整理を通じて本法制定の経過と帰結を考察した。フリースクール団体の提案が法案審議に進んだのは、政策決定構造の変化を背景に、政府の能力開発・社会投資政策の枠組みに位置付けられたからである。法案についての厳しい意見対立は、教育の新たな政治的対立図式が顕在化したものと捉えられる。しかし、不登校対策を主な内容とする法の成立という帰結は、学校を越えることの困難をも示している。

著者

尾﨑 公子

出版者

日本教育行政学会

雑誌

日本教育行政学会年報 (ISSN:09198393)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.46, pp.38-54, 2020 (Released:2021-10-12)

参考文献数

2

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This paper focuses on Akashi City's children's measures as a case where“justice”of the administration is embodied in the direction of realizing an inclusive society.Mr. Fusaho Izumi took office as the mayor of Akashi in 2011 and formulated the Fifth Long-Term Comprehensive Plan (2011-2020). It has made children the pillars of the city's government in order to realize an inclusive society in which no one is left behind.There is a wide range of measures for children being implemented. They can be classified into three categories: 1) reducing the economic burden of child-rearing, 2) enhancing social upbringing, and 3) improving the educational environment. How is the justice of“no one left behind” carried out in these measures to help children?The purpose of this paper is to grasp how to carry out the justice of “no one left behind”in these measures to help children through analyzing 1) the principle, 2) the actual situation regarding the organization, budget, and human arrangement to implement children's measures, 3) Mayor Izumi's background, and 4) the opinion of the citizens.The findings of this paper are as follows. The first revealed that Akashi City's children's measures are based on the principles of universal and seamlessness. The universal principle for all children is applied so that no one is left behind. No income cap is set for child-rearing support. Also, the way of establishing a safety net to ensure that no one is left behind is comprehensive and seamless. Akashi city has implemented comprehensive support measures for children to enhance their social upbringing such as the establishment of a child welfare center.Second, the budget for implementing measures to help children doubled and the number of personnel tripled between 2011 and 2019, and the budget and the allocation of personnel showed how to do justice.Third, Mayor Izumi's basic perspective, which puts inclusion as a policy principle, was obtained from on-site recognition backed by the experience when he was a child and a lawyer.Finally, Izumi City government is supported by citizens who wish to create a city that is friendly to children and people with disabilities, and their support is obtained only because it is a city government that responded to their wish.Akashi City's children's measures for all children have had ripple effects such as overcoming population decline and improving the local economy, and have achieved inclusive growth. This case is very suggestive in considering the“justice”of the administration, while pursuing justice that no one is left behind based on universal and seamless principles.

著者

松永 伸太朗 永田 大輔

出版者

日本労働社会学会

雑誌

労働社会学研究 (ISSN:13457357)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.22, pp.1-23, 2021 (Released:2022-04-01)

参考文献数

20

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This article reveals how veteran animators in the Japanese animation industry understand the technologies introduced recently regarding their occupational careers. The animation industry in Japan has promoted the digitalization of the picture drawing process. However, previous research has not mentioned how workers built their careers to introduce new technologies while working in the creative industries with precarious work conditions. Management studies on the technology introduction fail to grasp the diversity of animatorsʼ understandings. Even sociological research has not paid attention to the occupation like animators, in which workers donʼt have the rigid objection in their careers, such as becoming independent self-employment.Based on the interview research on the animators who started their working life in the 1980 s, one of the most significant transformation periods of the animation industry, this article clarifies the narratives of technology introductions. Animators who worked at only a few firms donʼt see the technology introductions as they should deal with.On the contrary, animators who worked at many studios interpret the technology introductions as directly affecting their career formations. Among such animators, this article compares two animatorsʼ narratives concerning turning points in careers, reference groups in the occupation, and the stance for digitalization. This analysis revealed the two has quite different understanding on new technology and artfully deal with the digitalization in their careers. Moreover, the difference in coping practice stems from the difference in the working process, skills and reference groups.In the light of these findings, this article pointed out that the introduction of technology should also be promoted progressively, taking into account the logic of the workersʼ side.

著者

吉田 啓晃 中山 恭秀

出版者

一般社団法人日本理学療法学会連合

雑誌

理学療法学 (ISSN:02893770)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.49, no.2, pp.177-184, 2022 (Released:2022-04-20)

参考文献数

35

著者

小森 宏美

出版者

東欧史研究会

雑誌

東欧史研究 (ISSN:03866904)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.23, pp.63-72, 2001 (Released:2019-04-13)

著者

児玉 作左衛門

出版者

一般社団法人 日本農村医学会

雑誌

日本農村医学会雑誌 (ISSN:04682513)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.3, no.4, pp.1-6, 1955 (Released:2011-02-17)

著者

木下 喜雄

出版者

公益社団法人 日本食品衛生学会

雑誌

食品衛生学雑誌 (ISSN:00156426)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.23, no.2, pp.209-211, 1982-04-05 (Released:2009-12-11)

著者

岡田 安功 宮地 由芽子 鶴身 孝介 楠見 孝

出版者

公益社団法人 日本心理学会

雑誌

心理学研究 (ISSN:00215236)

巻号頁・発行日

pp.94.21042, (Released:2023-04-28)

参考文献数

40

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This study investigated the effect of accepting apologies and alcohol intake on anger expression through a laboratory experiment simulating a railway use situation. Fifty adult men participated in this study. 24 men were assigned to the alcohol group and 26 men were assigned to the non-alcohol group. After drinking either an alcoholic or a non-alcoholic beverage, they watched an animation that showed a frustrating situation at a train station. Following the animation, they watched three types of videos depicting staff responses to a passenger: “apology in a businesslike tone,” “apology with bowing in a polite manner,” and “non-apology.” After watching each video, the participants physically expressed their anger by hand grip strength using a hand dynamometer imagining that they were in the video situation. Only the participants in the alcohol group expressed their anger more strongly after watching “apology in a businesslike tone” than “apology with bowing in a polite manner.” These results suggest that explicit polite and non-verbal expressions of apology to passengers by staff are important to reducing anger expressed by intoxicated passengers.

著者

Masahiko Terasaki Hiromu Ito Hiromi Kurokawa Masato Tamura Susumu Okabe Hirofumi Matsui Ichinosuke Hyodo

出版者

SOCIETY FOR FREE RADICAL RESEARCH JAPAN

雑誌

Journal of Clinical Biochemistry and Nutrition (ISSN:09120009)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.63, no.1, pp.36-41, 2018 (Released:2018-07-01)

参考文献数

19

被引用文献数

10

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Acetic acid can cause cellular injury. We previously reported that acetic acid induces cancer cell-selective death in rat gastric cells. However, the mechanism is unclear. Generally, cancer cells are more sensitive to reactive oxygen species than normal cells. Accordingly, in this study, we investigated the involvement of oxidative stress in cancer cell-selective death by acetic acid using normal gastric mucosal cells and cancerous gastric mucosal cells. The cancer cell-selective death was induced at the concentration of 2–5 µM acetic acid. Cancerous gastric mucosal cells had increased expression of monocarboxylic transporter 1 and high uptake of acetic acid, compared to normal gastric mucosal cells. The exposure of cancerous gastric mucosal cells to acetic acid enhanced production of reactive oxygen species and expression of monocarboxylic transporter 1, and induced apoptosis. In contrast, acetic acid showed minor effects in normal gastric mucosal cells. These results indicate that acetic acid induced cancer cell-selective death in gastric cells through a mechanism involving oxidative stress.

著者

木口 雅司 沖 大幹

出版者

水文・水資源学会

雑誌

水文・水資源学会誌 (ISSN:09151389)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.23, no.3, pp.231-247, 2010-05-05 (Released:2010-05-25)

参考文献数

77

被引用文献数

9 8

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極端な大雨の頻度の増減を議論する上でこれまで観測された雨量極値記録を正しく評価する必要がある.本論文では,世界および日本における雨量極値記録の出典や観測データを遡りその信頼度や不確実性を含め再評価した.世界の雨量極値記録に関しては,WMOやNOAA/NWSによって纏められているが出典が不明確なものが多く含まれていた.また論文内の値が現地気象局のデータと異なる事例や引用論文の記載内容に基づく解釈に問題がある事例も見られ,可能な限り修正・注釈を行った.日本の雨量極値記録に関しては,様々な書籍内で気象庁以外の行政組織や民間会社の観測を含む極値記録が記述されているが,誤記載や不確実性のあるデータが含まれておりその検証・修正・注釈を行った.さらに更新した極値リストを用いて,多くの場合短い(長い)時間スケールの極値は小さい(大きい)空間スケールの気象現象によることが確認されたが,一方で単に起因現象の空間スケールではなく時空間スケールを考慮した豪雨システムに着目すべきであることが示された.現在WMO/CClによって降水量を含めた極値に関する精査が進められているが,本論文で示した信頼度や不確実性を示すことで降水極値に関する精査がより推進されることが期待される.

著者

山下 広美

出版者

公益社団法人 日本栄養・食糧学会

雑誌

日本栄養・食糧学会誌 (ISSN:02873516)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.67, no.4, pp.171-176, 2014 (Released:2014-08-25)

参考文献数

26

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酢酸は, 生体において空腹時に脂肪酸からβ酸化により生成される内因性の成分であり, 骨格筋などで生体燃料として利用される。一方, 外因性に酢酸を摂取すると酢酸は容易に血中に移行し組織に速やかに取り込まれた後, その代謝過程でAMPを生成し細胞内のAMP/ATP比を増加させてAMPキナーゼ (AMPK) を活性化させる。2型糖尿病の病態モデル動物に酢酸を継続的に摂取させると, 肥満が抑制され耐糖能を改善させる。また肝臓において脂肪合成関連遺伝子の転写量を低下させることから, 酢酸は脂肪合成を抑制するように作用すると示唆される。その他エネルギー消費割合の増加, 白色および褐色脂肪組織においては脂肪滴肥大化の抑制が見られる。以上より酢酸は空腹時には内因性の成分として生成され生体燃料として利用されるが, 摂食時に酢酸を摂取すると脂肪合成の抑制による肥満の抑制, さらに肥満に起因した2型糖尿病予防効果をもたらすと示唆される。

著者

松井 大

出版者

日本基礎心理学会

雑誌

基礎心理学研究 (ISSN:02877651)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.41, no.1, pp.16-18, 2022-09-30 (Released:2022-12-16)

著者

澤田 匡人

出版者

日本感情心理学会

雑誌

感情心理学研究 (ISSN:18828817)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.16, no.1, pp.36-48, 2008 (Released:2008-12-17)

参考文献数

44

被引用文献数

9 7

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The present study examined the effect of envy and personality traits on the elicitation of Schadenfreude — pleasure at another's misfortune. The participants were 201 Japanese undergraduates. They responded to scenarios in which the target person was similar to them in terms of gender, and was made to appear either superior or average. The epilogue of scenarios informed participants that the target person had suffered a misfortune. Factor analysis of data indicated dual factors for the 13 items on the scale — Schadenfreude and sympathy. Analysis of variance revealed that the rating for Schadenfreude was higher for men than women, and that score was higer in the scenario in which the target person was superior than average. In addition, path analysis indicated that participants who had low self-seteem tended to feel envy, and this envy also mediated subsequent Schadenfreude. On the other hand, reported guilt of women predicted positively to sympathy, and that score predicted negatively to Schadenfreude.This finding suggested that guilt was the key variable that made gender differences of Schadenfreude and sympathy.

著者

仁平 典宏

出版者

The Japan Sociological Society

雑誌

社会学評論 (ISSN:00215414)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.56, no.2, pp.485-499, 2005-09-30 (Released:2010-04-23)

参考文献数

41

被引用文献数

16 4

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ボランティア活動に対しては, 国家や市場がもたらす問題への解決策として肯定的な評価がある一方で, ネオリベラリズム的な社会編成と共振するという観点から批判もある.本稿は, 既存の議論を整理し, ネオリベラリズムと共振しないポイントを理論的に導出することを目的とする.既存の議論における共振問題は, ボランティア活動の拡大が, ネオリベラリズム的再編の作動条件を構成するという条件の水準にあるものと, 再編の帰結に合致してしまうという帰結の水準にあるものとに整理される.条件の水準では, 公的な福祉サービス削減の前提条件とされる問題と, システムに適合的で統治可能な主体の創出のために活用されるという問題が指摘され, 帰結の水準では, 社会的格差の拡大とセキュリティの強化という帰結と一致するという問題が指摘されてきた.本稿では, これらの共振が絶えず生じるわけではなく, それぞれに共振を避けるポイントが存在していることが示され, それが, 共感困難な〈他者〉という, これまでのボランティア論において十分に想定されてこなかった他者存在との関係を巡って存在していることが指摘される.

著者

田上 孝一

出版者

経済理論学会

雑誌

季刊経済理論 (ISSN:18825184)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.48, no.2, pp.40-49, 2011-07-20 (Released:2017-04-25)

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The aim of this paper is to compare Wataru Hiromatsu's theory of reification with Karl Marx's theory of reification. Hiromatsu insists that his theory is the genuine interpretation of Marx. So I examine Hiromatsu's remark. In this paper, I mainly concern the rightness of Hiromatsu's interpretation of Marx. I do not concern the validity of Hiromatsu's theory on the contemporary society. In section one, I doubt the Japanese translation of reification. In original German word, reification is Versachlichung. In ordinary Japanese translation, Versachlichung is "Butsushoka". Butsusho means phenomenal thing. Ka means transformation. So Butsushoka means something is transformed to phenomenal thing. But this meaning cannot tell the conceptual content of Versachlichung. The stem of Versachlichung is Sache. Sache is the counter word of Person. So Versachlicung means that Person is transformed to Sache, in English, personality is transformed to thing. It means not epistemological aspect but ontological situation. So Butsushoka is not correct. "Butsukenka" is correct. Because "butsuken" correctly means Sache. That is why I insist that Versachlichung should be translated into not Butsushoka but Butsukenka. In section two, I explain the core concept of Marx's theory of reification. The basic usage of reification by Marx is "reification of personality and personalization of thing". The conceptual dimension of reification in Marx's case is not epistemological but ontological. By the theory of reification Marx tries to clarify the real upside-down structure of capitalism. For Marx capitalism is the society in which labor's personality becomes a thing like goods. Capitalism is not slavery. But in fact, it is the wage-slave society. Marx charges this fact by the theory of reification. In short, for Marx reification is the essence of capitalism. Marx also charges the fetishism in capitalism. The concept of fetishism in Marx's case is expression of reification. It is also phenomenon of reification. The relationships of reification and fetishism are "cause and effect" and "essence and phenomenon". And reification is also alienation. It is one dimension of alienation. Marx insists that capitalist is arisen by alienated labor. The alienation of labor of workers from his/her own labor process is cause of capitalism. So alienation is cause of reification. That is why alienation and reification and fetishism are mutual "cause and effect" and "essence and phenomenon" relationships. In section three, I examine Hiromatsu's theory of reification. Hiromatsu tells about reification but he does not analyze Versachlichung. Only he analyses is not Versachlichung but Fetischismus. But fetishism is only a expression of reification. Owing to analyze fetishism we cannot clarify reification. Why has he this illusion? Because he thinks reification and fetishism as being the same. Through this reason he one-sidedly looks reification as epistemological concept. For Hiromatsu, reification as the real upside-down structure is "the vulgar reification". But Marx himself has this vulgar idea. Hiromatsu's reification is a very odd theory. Conclusion: Hiromatsu's theory of reification is a distortion of Marx's theory of reification. Hiromatsu himself thinks that his theory is the genuine interpretation of Marx. But in fact, Hiromatsu's theory has nothing to do with Marx. So Hiromatsu's theory of reification is not Marxist one but his own philosophical fantasy.