著者

山本 卓

出版者

公益社団法人 精密工学会

雑誌

精密工学会誌 (ISSN:09120289)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.75, no.10, pp.1183-1188, 2009-10-05 (Released:2011-02-07)

参考文献数

10

被引用文献数

4 5

著者

高橋 有里 菊池 和子 三浦 奈都子 石田 陽子

出版者

Japan Academy of Nursing Science

雑誌

日本看護科学会誌 (ISSN:02875330)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.34, no.1, pp.36-45, 2014-03-20 (Released:2014-03-28)

参考文献数

33

被引用文献数

7 6

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目的:BMIを指標とした実践に即した筋注時の針の刺入深度を明らかにすることである. 方法:18歳以上の553名(男性259名,女性294名)を対象とし,身長,体重,三角筋部と中殿筋部の皮下組織厚,および三角筋厚を測定した.BMIと皮下組織厚の関連を明らかにし,また筋厚を参考にし,筋注に必要な実際的な針刺入深度を明らかにした. 結果:三角筋部においては,皮下組織厚(cm)は男性0.04×BMI−0.25,女性0.04×BMI−0.17と表せた.ただし,BMI<18.5の対象者の場合三角筋厚が薄いため,骨膜を損傷する恐れがあった.したがって,針の刺入深度は,18.5≦BMI<30.0で1.5 cm,BMI≧30.0で2.0 cmとするのが適切と考えられた.中殿筋部においては,皮下組織厚(cm)は男性0.05×BMI−0.38,女性0.05×BMI−0.03と表せた.ただし,皮下組織厚の厚さからBMI≧30.0では皮下投与になる可能性があった.したがって,針の刺入深度は,BMI<18.5では1.5 cm,18.5≦BMI<30.0では2.0 cmとするのが適切と考えられた. 結論:BMIを指標とした実際的な筋注における針の刺入深度は,三角筋部では18.5≦BMI<30.0は1.5 cm,BMI≧30.0は2.0 cm,中殿筋部ではBMI<18.5は1.5 cm,18.5≦BMI<30.0は2.0 cmが適切と考えられた.

著者

木田 勇輔

出版者

地域社会学会

雑誌

地域社会学会年報 (ISSN:21893918)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.26, pp.105-119, 2014 (Released:2017-12-18)

参考文献数

24

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In this article, the author discusses intra-municipal decentralization in modern Japanese cities. Intramunicipal decentralization is an important policy issue in large cities such as Nagoya & Osaka because of the political style called populism that is characterized by the attacks on interest groups and the top-down decision making with reformist rhetoric. The author studies a case of Nagoya city in which mayor Kawamura has taken office since 2009. This article understands the intra-municipal decentralization in Nagoya as a process of reconsidering community representatives. The case study indicates two important points. First, through the argument about the intra-municipal decentralization in Nagoya, it revealed a cleavage between the mayor and other actors against the building of its community councils, such as the leaders of neighborhood associations and the members of the city council. There are two different logics which are based on two distinct interpretations of legitimacy of community representatives. Second, behind the political antagonism between the mayor and the city council, an important problem is overlooked that it is too difficult to maintain the cohesion of local communities in Nagoya. Citizens of Nagoya city don’t participate in community activities diligently. The author argues that the cohesion of local communities is indispensable to construct community representatives as the leaders of neighborhood selfgovernance. In conclusion, the author discusses (re)building of local communities in Japanese cities. In Nagoya, the citizens don’t respond to the top-down intra-municipal decentralization clearly. Though this case study indicates the difficulties of the neighborhood self-governance in Nagoya, the citizens need to address the issue of neighborhood self-governance by themselves.

著者

盛山 和夫

出版者

日本社会学会

雑誌

社会学評論 (ISSN:00215414)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.68, no.1, pp.2-16, 2017 (Released:2018-06-30)

参考文献数

38

著者

豊田 紗和子 吉村 祐奈 矢野 玲子 青柳 裕 大津 史子 後藤 伸之

出版者

一般社団法人 日本医薬品情報学会

雑誌

医薬品情報学 (ISSN:13451464)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.21, no.2, pp.70-78, 2019-08-31 (Released:2019-10-10)

参考文献数

31

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Objective: To clarify the background difference between drug-induced photosensitivity and ultraviolet-visible absorption spectrum or structure and to construct useful information for prevention and prediction of drug-induced photosensitivity. Methods: We investigated whether, for 457 drugs for which the ultraviolet-visible absorption spectrum is listed in the Japanese Pharmacopoeia, there were absorption maxima in the UVA (320 nm or more and less than 400 nm), UVB (280 nm or more and less than 320 nm), or UVA and UVB (280 nm or more and less than 400 nm). Structure was investigated for the existence of “conjugated”, carbonyl, sulfone, nitro and fluorine. The case drug group was taken to be those drugs for which photosensitivity was listed as a side effect on the medical drug package insert. Using statistical software, SPSS statistics ® 24 (IBM), we performed univariate logistic regression analysis, and multivariate logistic regression analysis with a stepwise increment method (likelihood ratio) combining items with p<0.2, and calculated the odds ratio (hereinafter: aOR). The significance level was taken as 0.05.Results: There were 85 drugs in the case drug group, and 372 drugs in the control drug group. As a result of multiple logistic regression analysis, in Model 1, we placed sulfone (aOR: 4.55, 95% C.I.: 2.22-9.35), fluorine (aOR: 3.66, 95% C.I.: 1.82-7.39) and nitro (aOR: 4.46, 95 % C.I.: 1.73-11.48) in this order. In Model 2, we placed sulfone (aOR: 4, 40, 95% C.I.: 2.12-9.15), fluorine (aOR: 3.81, 95% C.I.: 1.87-7.76), UVA (aOR: 2.40, 95% C.I.: 1.37-4.18) and nitro (aOR: 3.61, 95% C.I.: 1.39-9.40) in this order.Conclusion: When a drug is developed, its ultraviolet-visible absorption spectra and structure become clear, and from this information,measures can be taken which bear the potential risk of photosensitivity in mind.

著者

加藤 義臣 勝 康雄 坂手 栄

出版者

日本応用動物昆虫学会

雑誌

日本応用動物昆虫学会誌 (ISSN:00214914)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.25, no.4, pp.249-252, 1981-11-25 (Released:2009-02-12)

参考文献数

11

被引用文献数

1

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ヤママユガの配偶行動と産卵の様子を30°C-24°Cの室温条件下において観察した。雌は羽化当夜からコーリング行動をとった。コーリングの時刻は日の入りから日の出に及んだ。本種のコーリングは,ポリフェムス蚕の場合と異なり,寄主植物葉なしの条件下でも活発にみとめられた。興奮した雄は腹側から雌の腹部に掴みかかり,交尾を行った。雌は羽化後3日間を通して高い交尾活性を示したが,雄の交尾活性は羽化後1日目のみに高かった。羽化当夜に交尾した雌では産卵活性の高まりに2日間を要したが,1日目またはそれ以後に交尾した雌では産卵活性の高まりはその後の1日間で十分であった。このことから,産卵活性の高まりには交尾のみならず,雌の日齢に連関した何らかの内的要因も関与していることが示唆された。

著者

田口 徹

出版者

日本疼痛学会

雑誌

PAIN RESEARCH (ISSN:09158588)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.32, no.1, pp.19-24, 2017-03-31 (Released:2017-09-25)

参考文献数

20

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Fibromyalgia is characterized by systemic chronic pain. It accompanies a wide variety of symptoms, such as dysfunction in the autonomic nervous system, mental states, and locomotive activities. Fibromyalgia and related disorders are assumed to be heterogenous conditions with complicated pathologies driven by peripheral and central mechanisms. Using a reserpine–induced fibromyalgia model, a significant increase of mRNA expression in the dorsal root ganglion (DRG) was detected in the acid–sensing ion channel 3 (ASIC3) among several ion channels tested, which are responsible for pain, mechano–transduction, and the generation ⁄ propagation of action potentials. Behavioral mechanical hyperalgesia in this model was reversed by a selective blocker of ASIC3 (APETx2). Ex vivo single–fiber electrophysiological recordings revealed facilitation in the mechanical responses of mechano–responsive C–fibers both in the skin and muscle, whereas the proportion of mechanorespon sive C–nociceptors was paradoxically decreased. In the spinal dorsal horn microglial cells labeled with Iba1–immunoreactivity were obviously activated, especially in laminae I–II where the nociceptive input is mainly projected. Intraperitoneal injection of minocycline, which was applied preemptively and repeatedly for 4 consecutive days from 1 day before a series of reserpine injections, clearly suppressed the microglial activation and behavioral hyperalgesia. These results suggest that the increase in ASIC3 in the nociceptive afferents facili tated mechanical response of the remaining C–nociceptors,and that activated spinal microglia direct to intensify pain in this model. Pain may be further amplified by reserpine–induced dysfunction of the descending pain inhibi tory system, and by the decreased peripheral drive to this system resulting from a reduced proportion of mechano–responsive C–nociceptors.Persistent physical and psychological stress are associated with fibromyalgia. Changes in muscular nociceptors were systematically examined using two pain models induced by stress (repeated cold stress (RCS) and multiple continuous stress (MCS)). Mechanical response of C–nociceptors in RCS model was signifi cantly facilitated, whereas that in MCS model was unchanged. The result suggests that augmentation in the mechanical response of muscular C–nociceptors is involved in mechanical hyperalgesia in RCS, but not in MCS model. Different pathological mechanisms may underlie in pain induced by different type of stress.

著者

橋爪 伸子 江後 迪子

出版者

一般社団法人 日本調理科学会

雑誌

日本調理科学会誌 (ISSN:13411535)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.30, no.4, pp.355-363, 1997-11-20 (Released:2013-04-26)

参考文献数

19

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The food culture of Japan has been influenced by Nanban Trade that started at the late Muromachi era. Many Japanese dishes today bear the word Nanban, Oranda, etc. in their names. In this paper I have investigated the characteristic of the dishes with the naming Nabban and Oranda in the cooking books published in the Edo era.The common food materials to these dishes were eggs, sea breams, oil, chilipepper and Japanese leeks. In addition, meat and fat were specifically used for dishes naming Nanban and chilipepper, Japanese leeks and oil were combined to use was for Oranda. Nanban dishes appeared in the late Muromachi era and through the Edo era. Oranda dishes increased their numbers from 1800 downward.

著者

松原 和夫 外山 聡 佐藤 博 鈴木 洋史 粟屋 敏雄 田崎 嘉一 安岡 俊明 堀内 龍也

出版者

公益社団法人 日本薬学会

雑誌

YAKUGAKU ZASSHI (ISSN:00316903)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.131, no.4, pp.635-641, 2011-04-01 (Released:2011-04-01)

参考文献数

20

被引用文献数

9 7

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It is obvious that pharmacists play a critical role as risk managers in the healthcare system, especially in medication treatment. Hitherto, there is not a single multicenter-survey report describing the effectiveness of clinical pharmacists in preventing medical errors from occurring in the wards in Japan. Thus, we conducted a 1-month survey to elucidate the relationship between the number of errors and working hours of pharmacists in the ward, and verified whether the assignment of clinical pharmacists to the ward would prevent medical errors between October 1-31, 2009. Questionnaire items for the pharmacists at 42 national university hospitals and a medical institute included the total and the respective numbers of medication-related errors, beds and working hours of pharmacist in 2 internal medicine and 2 surgical departments in each hospital. Regardless of severity, errors were consecutively reported to the Medical Security and Safety Management Section in each hospital. The analysis of errors revealed that longer working hours of pharmacists in the ward resulted in less medication-related errors; this was especially significant in the internal medicine ward (where a variety of drugs were used) compared with the surgical ward. However, the nurse assignment mode (nurse/inpatients ratio: 1 : 7-10) did not influence the error frequency. The results of this survey strongly indicate that assignment of clinical pharmacists to the ward is critically essential in promoting medication safety and efficacy.

著者

田中 隆文

出版者

一般社団法人 日本治山治水協会

雑誌

水利科学 (ISSN:00394858)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.58, no.4, pp.93-114, 2014-10-01 (Released:2017-06-02)

参考文献数

28

著者

JUDT Falko KLOCKE Daniel RIOS-BERRIOS Rosimar VANNIERE Benoit ZIEMEN Florian AUGER Ludovic BIERCAMP Joachim BRETHERTON Christopher CHEN Xi DÜBEN Peter HOHENEGGER Cathy KHAIROUTDINOV Marat KODAMA Chihiro KORNBLUEH Luis LIN Shian-Jiann NAKANO Masuo NEUMANN Philipp PUTMAN William RÖBER Niklas ROBERTS Malcolm SATOH Masaki SHIBUYA Ryosuke STEVENS Bjorn VIDALE Pier Luigi WEDI Nils ZHOU Linjiong

出版者

Meteorological Society of Japan

雑誌

気象集誌. 第2輯 (ISSN:00261165)

巻号頁・発行日

pp.2021-029, (Released:2021-01-21)

被引用文献数

26

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Recent progress in computing and model development has initiated the era of global storm-resolving modeling and with it the potential to transform weather and climate prediction. Within the general theme of vetting this new class of models, the present study evaluates nine global-storm resolving models in their ability to simulate tropical cyclones (TCs). Results show that, broadly speaking, the models produce realistic TCs and remove longstanding issues known from global models such as the deficiency to accurately simulate TC intensity. However, TCs are strongly affected by model formulation, and all models suffer from unique biases regarding the number of TCs, intensity, size, and structure. Some models simulated TCs better than others, but no single model was superior in every way. The overall results indicate that global storm-resolving models are able to open a new chapter in TC prediction, but they need to be improved to unleash their full potential.

著者

竹鶴 政孝

出版者

公益財団法人 日本醸造協会

雑誌

日本釀造協會雜誌 (ISSN:0369416X)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.63, no.12, pp.1209-1210, 1968-12-15 (Released:2011-11-04)

著者

菅野 康太

出版者

日本自律神経学会

雑誌

自律神経 (ISSN:02889250)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.58, no.1, pp.121-124, 2021 (Released:2021-04-15)

参考文献数

30

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実験動物であるマウスやラットでは,超音波の発声(ultrasonic vocalizations, USVs)が用いられており,特に母子間や雌雄間の文脈で顕著に観察される.2005年,マウス求愛発声に鳥類と類似した歌様構造があることが報告されて以来,マウス求愛発声はコミュニケーションの指標として,自閉症関連遺伝子改変マウスなどの様々なモデルで社会性や親和性,言語機能の研究に用いられるようになっている.本稿では,それら齧歯類USVsについて概説し,自律神経系との関連についても考察する.

著者

名和 小太郎

出版者

国立研究開発法人 科学技術振興機構

雑誌

情報管理 (ISSN:00217298)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.57, no.3, pp.199-203, 2014-06-01 (Released:2014-06-01)

参考文献数

11

被引用文献数

1 1

著者

石井 信夫 山田 文雄 諸坂 佐利 長嶺 隆 伊藤 圭子

出版者

公益財団法人 自然保護助成基金

雑誌

自然保護助成基金助成成果報告書 (ISSN:24320943)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.28, pp.161-166, 2020-01-10 (Released:2020-01-10)

参考文献数

5

著者

田中 吉備彦

出版者

日本法社会学会

雑誌

法社会学 (ISSN:04376161)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.1957, no.9, pp.1-22, 1957-04-30 (Released:2009-04-03)

参考文献数

18

著者

木原 大亮

出版者

一般社団法人 日本生物物理学会

雑誌

生物物理 (ISSN:05824052)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.61, no.1, pp.044-045, 2021 (Released:2021-01-29)

参考文献数

2

著者

渡邊 寛

出版者

公益社団法人 日本心理学会

雑誌

心理学研究 (ISSN:00215236)

巻号頁・発行日

pp.90.17061, (Released:2019-02-28)

参考文献数

47

被引用文献数

2 3

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News reports and critical reviews of the 2010s have repeatedly reported that men are bound by traditional male roles at work. This study examined the kind of organizational factors that facilitate male roles expectations by men's supervisors and how these expectations impact their emotions and mental health in the workplace. The results show that these expectations existed in workplace environments that foster strong machoism and male dominance and a less inclusive work environment. Results further show that regardless of male roles attitudes, when supervisors required men to be manly, it decreased positive emotions felt about the job, and increased the levels of distrust felt toward their boss and discomfort within their workplace, which exacerbated their mental health. This research promotes the integrated understanding of gender harassment and organizational research and discusses prospects for future studies.

著者

村山 綾 三浦 麻子

出版者

日本認知科学会

雑誌

認知科学 (ISSN:13417924)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.22, no.3, pp.426-436, 2015-09-01 (Released:2016-03-01)

参考文献数

33

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This study investigated the effect of moral foundation and feeling of disgust toward acriminal case on non-professional legal decisions. Three hundred and sixty participantswere asked to read a fictional story about a murder attempt case and rated a possi-bility that a defendant, who had denied all charges against the case, would be judgedas guilty. Participants were also rated a degree of regrets about their decision if thetruth would be either guilty or not guilty. The degree of physical injury of a victim wasvaried in accordance with three conditions (i.e., minor, heavy, and permanent damage).The analysis revealed that participants who put much value on not harming others feltdisgust toward the criminal case, and that resulted in higher ratings of possibility thatthe defendant would be judged as guilty. In addition to that, as the degree of physi-cal injury of the victim got severer, the ratings of the possibility also got higher, andparticipants felt less regrets of their decision even if the defendant was actually nota real perpetrator and thus they made Type II error. We discussed characteristics ofnon-professional legal decisions from both theoretical and practical perspectives.

著者

北田 淳子

出版者

一般社団法人 日本原子力学会

雑誌

日本原子力学会和文論文誌 (ISSN:13472879)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.12, no.3, pp.177-196, 2013 (Released:2013-08-15)

参考文献数

29

被引用文献数

3 9

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In this study, the results of surveys conducted over the past 30 years were analyzed. The surveys include continuous opinion polls conducted by seven organizations, those conducted by eight news media one year after the Fukushima Daiichi accident, and those conducted by INSS fourteen times from 1993 to December 2011. The results were as follows: (1) Negative opinions toward nuclear power generation (NPG) suggesting “abolition or reduction”, which used to be 20-30% over the past 30 years, increased to 70% from four to six months after the accident, when there was also much news about renewable energy. (2) Even after the accident, 60% regarded NPG as “inevitable”, but many opposed future replacement or new construction of NPG facilities. (3) After the accident, recognition of the usefulness of NPG and concerns about electric power shortages in the near future remained unchanged, while anxiety and distrust toward NPG increased significantly. When considering power generation options, people now tend to focus on accident risks. (4) Nevertheless, people are neither aware of various possible problems caused by reducing NPG nor willing to accept a significant increase in electricity rate caused by the shift to renewable energy.