著者

青柳 宏幸

出版者

教育思想史学会

雑誌

近代教育フォーラム (ISSN:09196560)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.17, pp.205-219, 2008-09-12 (Released:2017-08-10)

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マルクスが労働と教育の結合を主張したことは余りにもよく知られているが、この場合、教育と結合されるべきとされた労働は資本制的生産関係下における賃労働としての児童労働であった。本稿は、国際労働者教育協会ジュネーブ大会における教育論争に注目し、その中にマルクスを位置づけることを通して、労働と教育の結合が彼の当時の社会変革構想の要約的表現であったことを明らかにしたものである。マルクスは、イギリス工場法の歴史の分析を通して、労働者階級の中で最も弱い存在である子どもの保護の必要性が認められることが大人を含めた労働者階級全体の労働時間を制限することの出発点となることに注目していた。そして、その短縮によって生じた自由時間を有効に用いることによって労働者階級が政治的な主体形成を実現していくという社会変革の展望を抱いていた。マルクスにとって、賃労働としての児童労働は、かかる社会変革の構想を可能とするものとしてきわめて重要なものであったのであり、厳格に規制されるべきではあるがけっして禁止されてはならないものであったのである。

著者

坂井 多穂子

出版者

東洋大学国際哲学研究センター(「エコ・フィロソフィ」学際研究イニシアティブ)事務局

雑誌

「エコ・フィロソフィ」研究 = Eco-Philosophy (ISSN:18846904)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.14, pp.81-92, 2020-03

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古来、中国の河川はしばしば洪水を発生させたため、中国文明の繁栄には治水が不可欠であった。禹と李冰は中国文明を代表する治水師である。禹は治水の成功によって夏王朝の創始者となり、戦国時代の李冰は岷江に都江堰を建造して蜀郡を豊かな地域にした。彼らは治水の功績によって神格化され、治水の神となった。禹は天地創造の神話に登場する神となり、李冰父子は「二郎神」という道教の神となって『西遊記』や『封神演義』にも登場した。現代中国における水の問題には、洪水や渇水だけではない。経済発展によって水質汚染が深刻化している。現代の二大治水プロジェクトは、三峡ダムと南水北調である。これらのプロジェクトによって解決できる問題は少なくないが、一方では建設地から移住させられた人々の貧困などの新たな問題も発生している。

著者

石井 智美

出版者

酪農学園大学

雑誌

酪農学園大学紀要. 自然科学編 (ISSN:0388001X)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.31, no.2, pp.197-213, 2007-04

著者

吉野 裕介

出版者

経済学史学会

雑誌

経済学史研究 (ISSN:18803164)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.55, no.1, pp.36-52, 2013 (Released:2019-08-23)

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In this paper, we consider F. A. Hayekʼs The Road to Serfdom and the diffusion of the bookʼs ideas in the United States. The contributions of Fritz Machlup in the bookʼs development and acceptance are given special attention. Although The Road to Serfdom is Hayekʼs best-selling book, many Hayekian scholars choose to focus on his other work. Here, we ana-lyze the ideas of The Road to Serfdom in detail, so that we can find new aspects of Hayekʼs early thought and determine why the book has be-come so influential. Hayek wrote The Road to Serfdom for the intelligentsia of England, but its impact was felt most strongly by the general populous of the United States. Hayek maintained the core ideas of the book, the rule of law and meaning of com-petition, in his later work, such as The Constitu-tion of Liberty and Law, Legislation, and Liber-ty. Hayek and Machlup were in contact with each other their entire lives. The Hoover Institu-tion, a think tank at Stanford University, houses large amounts of correspondence that illustrate the friendship between the two men. Some mate-rial shows Machlup putting great efforts toward publishing The Road to Serfdom in the United States. Eventually, Aaron Director and Frank Knight helped Hayek publish the book with The University of Chicago Press. The condensed, il-lustrated version of The Road to Serfdom played an important role in diffusing its ideas to a gen-eral readership in the United States. The publication of The Road to Serfdom was the beginning of a long relationship with the University of Chicago for Hayek, and the suc-cess of the book enabled him to immigrate to the United States. Indeed, we argue that The Road to Serfdom was the prototype for his later books, The Constitution of Liberty and Law, Legisla-tion, and Liberty. However, we believe there is a disparity between how Hayek viewed his ideas and the way people interpreted his work. One of the primary reasons for this was the difference in the usage of the word “liberal” in England and the United States. JEL classification numbers: B 25, B 31.

著者

寺松 寛明 大和 浩 姜 英 賀好 宏明 久原 聡志 大宅 良輔 伊藤 英明 黒田 耕志 松嶋 康之 佐伯 覚

出版者

The University of Occupational and Environmental Health, Japan

雑誌

Journal of UOEH (ISSN:0387821X)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.44, no.4, pp.341-351, 2022-12-01 (Released:2022-12-05)

参考文献数

27

被引用文献数

1

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Little is known about the factors related to return to work (RTW) in patients with peri-operative lung cancer (LC). This study aimed to investigate whether pre-operative physical performance is associated with early RTW in patients with peri-operative LC. A total of 59 patients who wished to resume work after lung resection surgery were included and were divided into three groups: early RTW (within 14 days after discharge), delayed RTW (within 15–90 days), and non-RTW (failure of RTW within 90 days). The early RTW group had significantly lower scores on the modified Medical Research Council dyspnea scale (mMRC) and significantly higher scores on the Euro Quality of Life 5-Dimension 3-Level (EQ-5D-3L) than the non-RTW group. Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that EQ-5D-3L scores were significantly associated with early RTW, and mMRC scores and knee extensor strength tended to be associated with early RTW. Better pre-operative quality of life, mild dyspnea, and greater lower limb muscle strength tended to be associated with early RTW in patients with peri-operative LC.

著者

Mheen Tae Ick

出版者

Japan Society for Lactic Acid Bacteria

雑誌

日本乳酸菌学会誌 (ISSN:1343327X)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.14, no.2, pp.56-71, 2003-12-01 (Released:2012-09-24)

参考文献数

75

被引用文献数

8 9

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Kimchi is a Korean fermented food that is prepared through a series of processes including pretreatment of Chinese cabbage, salting, blending with various spices and other ingredients, and fermentation. The characteristics of kimchi differ depending on the kimchi variety, raw materials, processing methods, and fermentation conditions. Kimchi fermentation is initiated by the various lactic acid bacteria (LAB) present in the raw materials. Sugars in raw materials are converted to lactic acid, acetic acid, carbon dioxide, and ethanol by hetero and homo fermentative LAB during kimchi fermentation, along with other chemical changes. Many physicochemical and biological factors influence kimchi fermentation. This review covers in some detail the factors affecting kimchi fermentation.

著者

三好 正堂

出版者

日本理学療法士学会

雑誌

理学療法学 (ISSN:02893770)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.15, no.2, pp.77-89, 1988-03-10 (Released:2018-10-25)

著者

劉 建中 久保 光徳 青木 弘行 寺内 文雄

出版者

Japan Ergonomics Society

雑誌

人間工学 (ISSN:05494974)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.32, no.1, pp.29-38, 1996-02-15 (Released:2010-03-12)

参考文献数

14

被引用文献数

4 3

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本研究では, 5名の男子学生を被験者とし, 弛緩状態での座姿勢と仰臥姿勢において, 2-20Hzの垂直正弦振動を受ける人体の振動伝達特性を, 伝達率と位相差によって検討した. 伝達率は, 人体上の振動加速度実効値を振動台垂直加速度実効値に対する比率で表したものとし, 位相差は, 人体と振動台間の振動加速度の位相角で表した. また振動刺激に対する身体各部位の揺れの感覚について主観評価を行った. その結果, (1) 2Hzでは座姿勢, 仰臥姿勢ともに体全体が1つの剛体として, 振動台とほぼ同じ振幅と位相で振動した. (2) 5Hzと8Hzでは身体の振動が強くなって, しかも姿勢と被験者により各部位の振動状況がかなり異なった. (3) 11-20Hzの範囲では足部と頭部の振動を強く感じる一方, 腹部と胸部はほとんど減衰していることが明らかとなった. 本実験の結果から, 人体における振動の伝播は振動刺激の種類, 方向, 周波数, 強度のほかに, 被験者の体型と姿勢などから大きな影響を受けていることが明らかとなった.

著者

荊木 美行

出版者

皇學館大学研究開発推進センター

雑誌

皇學館大学研究開発推進センター紀要 = Bulletin of the Research and Development Center of Kogakkan University (ISSN:21892091)

巻号頁・発行日

no.1, pp.75-86, 2015-03

著者

神田 知子 安藤 真美 高橋 徹 丸山 智美 五島 淑子

出版者

一般社団法人 日本家政学会

雑誌

日本家政学会誌 (ISSN:09135227)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.59, no.12, pp.1005-1009, 2008 (Released:2010-07-29)

参考文献数

22

被引用文献数

3

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We analyzed the levels of free amino acids and related substances, and nucleic acid-related compounds in a niboshi extract soup stock and niboshi-flavored mixed seasoning soup stock by using an amino acid analyzer. Niboshi (30 g) was soaked in 1 l of water for periods of 0, 30, and 180 min. Each solution was boiled for 5 min and used to prepare the niboshi extract soup stocks. These soup stocks contained serine, 3-phospho-1-serine, taurine, threonine, aspartic acid, asparagine, glutamic acid, glutamine, glycine, alanine, valine, cysteine, methionine, cystathionine, isoleucine, leucine, tyrosine, tryptophan, phenylalanine, ornithine, lysine, histidine, arginine, hydroxyproline, proline, urea, NH3, and nucleic acidrelated compounds of ATP, ADP, AMP, IMP and HxR. The mole fraction of glutamic acid in the total amino acids and their related substances in the mixed seasoning soup stock was 95%. The only nucleic acid-related compound detected in the mixed seasoning soup stock was IMP. The glutamic acid content was over 11.8-fold higher in the mixed seasoning soup stock than in the niboshi extract soup stocks. The IMP content was over 2.9-fold higher in the niboshi extract soup stocks than in the mixed seasoning soup stock.

著者

仲島 陽一

出版者

東洋大学国際学部

雑誌

国際地域学研究 = Journal of Regional Development Studies (ISSN:13439057)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.22, pp.55-63, 2019-03

著者

朴 賛基

出版者

国文学研究資料館

雑誌

国際日本文学研究集会会議録 = PROCEEDINGS OF INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON JAPANESE LITERATURE (ISSN:03877280)

巻号頁・発行日

no.14, pp.35-50, 1991-03-01

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Delegations of Korean envoys, who made as many as twelve trips to Japan, offer us information about the relationship between Japan and Korea and about various events that took place over the span of the delegations. One of these incidents, the stabbing death of Che Chun Cheung, a member of the eleventh group of envoys who came to Japan in 1764, was made into a play, and indeed spawned a whole series of works collectively known under the name,"The Murder of the Foreigner. "Since the incident itself was so shocking and such a grave matter, the Bakufu's approach toward handling it appears to have been severe. Dramatizations of the event, taking account of the rigorous of the Bakufu, consequently underwent a transformation. In the dramatic texts we can read the attitude of the Japanese side, as well as the stance of the playwright, who assimilated this attitude. In addition to the changes in the kabuki dramatizations ,"The Murder of the Foreigner,"we can cite the diversity of records held to be true accounts and the Chronicle of Korean Delegations to Japan (1811) as manifestations of the harsh response of the Bakufu toward this incident. This harsh response is evidenced by the change in the name of the senior envoy, which was different in the description in Meiwa gankokan shinnen raihei ("The Visit of the Koreans in the First Year of Meiwa") from what it was in the other records. The difference in the subtle awareness between Korea and Japan vis a vis this incident gives us much to think about when considering the history of exchange between the two countries.

著者

東北支場経営部経営第4研究室

出版者

森林総合研究所

雑誌

林業試驗場研究報告

巻号頁・発行日

no.172, 1965-02

著者

服部有希

出版者

国立国会図書館

雑誌

外国の立法 : 立法情報・翻訳・解説 (ISSN:13492071)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.(月刊版. 258-1), 2014-01

著者

福岡 正太 Fukuoka Shota フクオカ ショウタ

出版者

国立民族学博物館

雑誌

国立民族学博物館研究報告 (ISSN:0385180X)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.28, pp.257-295, 2003-10-31

著者

大崎 恒次 西原 彰宏 中見 真也

出版者

専修大学商学研究所

雑誌

専修大学商学研究所報 (ISSN:13450239)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.51, no.7, pp.1-19, 2020-02-15

著者

Tadahide Furuno Mamoru Nakanishi

出版者

The Pharmaceutical Society of Japan

雑誌

Biological and Pharmaceutical Bulletin (ISSN:09186158)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.35, no.2, pp.178-183, 2012-02-01 (Released:2012-02-01)

参考文献数

29

被引用文献数

21 30

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Kefir is a traditional fermented milk beverage produced by kefir grains in the Caucasian countries. Kefiran produced by Lactobacillus kefiranofaciens in kefir grains is an exopolysaccharide having a repeating structure with glucose and galactose residues in the chain sequence and has been suggested to exert many health-promoting effects such as immunomodulatory, hypotensive, hypocholesterolemic activities. Here we investigated the effects of kefiran on mast cell activation induced by antigen. Pretreatment with kefiran significantly inhibited antigen-induced Ca2+ mobilization, degranulation, and tumor necrosis factor-α production in bone marrow-derived mast cells (BMMCs) in a dose-dependent manner. The phosphorylation of Akt, glycogen synthase kinase 3β, and extracellular signal-regulated kinases (ERKs) after antigen stimulation was also suppressed by pretreatment of BMMCs with kefiran. These findings indicate that kefiran suppresses mast cell degranulation and cytokine production by inhibiting the Akt and ERKs pathways, suggesting an anti-inflammatory effect for kefiran.

著者

嘉指 信雄

出版者

日本哲学会

雑誌

哲学 (ISSN:03873358)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.1997, no.48, pp.82-96, 1997-05-01 (Released:2009-07-23)

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It was in James' philosophy of pure experience that Nishida Kitaro and Natsume Soseki as well found a theoretical starting-point for their seminal works in the fields of philosophy and literature respectively. This paper proposes to set up a “co-ordinate space for comparative studies” with James' phenomenological notion of “fringes” at its origin, where we can place the works of Nishida and Soseki. It is expected that, thus brought together side by side, the characteristics of their works as two independent metamorphoses of the Jamesian phenomenology of “fringes” will be brought into relief in contrast to each other ; especially, Nishida's notion of “field” will be called into question as failing to do full justice to the pluralistic implications James drew from his consideration of the phenomenon of “fringes.”

著者

谷 淳

出版者

日本認知科学会

雑誌

認知科学 (ISSN:13417924)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.28, no.2, pp.222-230, 2021-06-01 (Released:2021-06-15)

参考文献数

23

被引用文献数

1

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Ikegami considers that cognitive systems are constantly exposed to excess observational data, from which it acquires the subtractive representations rather than the contractions that deep learning aims for. Furthermore, he argues that a glimpse of life as the basic principle of cognition can be seen in the moment when the contraction collapses. The current commentary discusses these points by making possible correspondences to the cognitive robotics studies conducted by the author and his colleagues.

著者

鹿島 晴雄

出版者

一般社団法人 日本高次脳機能障害学会

雑誌

高次脳機能研究 (旧 失語症研究) (ISSN:13484818)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.29, no.3, pp.321-327, 2009-09-30 (Released:2010-10-01)

参考文献数

8

被引用文献数

3 2

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前頭葉,とくに前頭前野は最大の連合皮質であることから,そこで生じる症状は機能領域特異的ではなく機能領域横断的な特徴を有し,機能領域に共通の障害の形式として捉えるべきものである。筆者は前頭葉 (前頭葉穹窿部) 症状として,セットの転換の障害,ステレオタイプの抑制の障害,複数の情報の組織化の障害,流暢性の障害,言語による行為の制御の障害という,5 つの障害の形式とを区別してきた。各障害の形式とその神経心理学的検査法を紹介した。また前頭前野 (左外側穹窿部) 梗塞例の発症11 年後の強迫様症状が,セットの転換障害と複数の情報の組織化の障害から解釈しうることを述べ,それが“ひとつの基準への固執”という,より共通の障害として表現しうると考えた。