著者

角 哲 大場 修 砂本 文彦 玉田 浩之 村上 しほり 長田 城治

出版者

日本建築学会

雑誌

日本建築学会計画系論文集 (ISSN:13404210)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.86, no.780, pp.617-627, 2021 (Released:2021-02-28)

参考文献数

16

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The purpose of this article is to clarify the construction process and features of Camp Crawford in Makomanai, Sapporo. It was named after Joseph Ury Crawford, advisor and U.S. railway engineer of the Hokkaido development commission (Kaitakushi). Upon the occupation of Japan, the general headquarters (GHQ) set the 9th corps, 8th army’s headquarters in Sapporo, chosen primarily because of Hokkaido’s location. Several notable cities in Japan were war damaged, hence had little facility stocks. Sapporo, on the other hand, was intact and had enough supplies. These were essential aspects in establishing the headquarters in Sapporo. GHQ ordered the Japanese government to construct 20,000 dependent housings (DH) in March 1946. This proved difficult because building materials were scarce, so some construction projects were stopped. However, deemed by the government as essential in the Cold War due to its strategic location, Camp Crawford’s construction continued and was erected quickly in Sapporo. GHQ appropriated the land of the Hokkaido Animal Husbandry Experimental Station Makomanai as the site. It was located south of Sapporo’s city center, about 4-6 kilometers away, upstream of Toyohira river. Jozankei railways was at the eastern side. These proved valuable to maintaining good living conditions and sanitation. Also, beneficial for swift construction. Private contractors organized a special union to construct the new camp. The union received the contract as a single unit. This approach was outstanding at that time since it can be recognized as the initial stages of a joint venture (JV) agreement. The JV was definitively established during the 1950’s in Japan. Construction was delayed but eventually completed as supply of building materials for this particular camp was a priority. 8th army head Eichelberger evaluated it as “too expensive.” Consider though, that the camp had several facilities and covered a vast plot of land. Also, the land area for one DH was the largest among all camps in Japan. The DH and troop housing (TH) were developed concurrently, a unique feature here since, typically in GHQ’s camps across Japan, these would be built separately. This camp’s site plan was influenced by topography and old facilities. TH and DH areas were situated in the eastern part of the site where it was dry and higher than the west. The service facilities were on the west amidst gently rolling terrain. TH was on the upper section of the site’s eastern part, laid out on a grid using the old farm road. Below it, the DH was arranged on curved roads, following GHQ standard. Several facilities were added, making the camp almost a small city. TH area had, among others, an office, PX, bakery, church, theater, clubs, library, gym, sports grounds, and golf link. DH area had detached and row houses using GHQ standards, except for the roof material. Instead, the roof was finished with sheet iron, characteristic of the cold region, and contributing to high costs. However, the GHQ used existing facilities and new buildings were simple. The camp was generally using excellent specifications when compared to Japanese buildings at that time. After derequisition, late 1950's, the site was transformed to the Japan Self-Defense Force Base and a prefectural residential area, Makomanai Danchi. The DH area was once used as Olympic village, the golf link for stadiums. Camp Crawford is the foundation of present residential suburbs.

著者

下坂 剛

出版者

日本応用心理学会

雑誌

応用心理学研究 (ISSN:03874605)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.44, no.3, pp.183-190, 2019-03-31 (Released:2019-08-15)

参考文献数

24

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This research aims to collect experiences of feeling a sexual desire from men during face-to-face interviews to make a sexual desire scale for men (SDS-M) and then examine its reliability and appropriateness. The interviews were carried out with married and unmarried 11 men in their 20s to 40s. In addition, online surveys were conducted among 300 married and unmarried men in their 20s to 40s, using the SDS-M. With the exclusion of data on 39 participants who said they had never experienced sexual intercourse, data on 261 men were put to a factor analysis. As a result, the SDS-M discovered four structural factors: "satisfaction with sex", "satisfaction with masturbation", "desire to seek advice on sexual distress", and "recognition of sexual debility". The discovery verified the reliability of the SDS-M from the aspect of internal consistency and its appropriateness from construct validity. "Desire to seek advice on sexual distress" was stronger among the unmarried than among the married. "Recognition of sexual debility" was conspicuously reported by men in their 40s.

著者

Hiroyuki Tsutsui Shin-ichi Momomura Yoshihiko Saito Hiroshi Ito Kazuhiro Yamamoto Yasushi Sakata Tomomi Ohishi Takayuki Iimori Toshihito Kitamura on behalf of the PARALLEL-HF Investigators

出版者

The Japanese Circulation Society

雑誌

Circulation Journal (ISSN:13469843)

巻号頁・発行日

pp.CJ-23-0349, (Released:2023-11-21)

参考文献数

18

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Background: Lower systolic blood pressure (SBP) is known to be associated with poor prognosis in heart failure (HF). We evaluated the efficacy and safety of sacubitril/valsartan according to baseline SBP tertiles in Japanese patients from the PARALLEL-HF study.Methods and Results: In all, 223 patients were stratified into tertiles according to baseline SBP (≤114 mmHg: n=75; >114 and ≤130 mmHg: n=76; and >130 mmHg: n=72). Patients with lower SBP (≤114 mmHg) had the highest median N-terminal pro B-type natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP) concentrations at baseline (P=0.0184). No significant difference was observed between sacubitril/valsartan and enalapril for the composite outcome of cardiovascular death and HF hospitalization across SBP tertiles (P-interaction=0.2682). Although the P-interaction value was not significant (0.2106), a greater reduction in NT-proBNP with sacubitril/valsartan compared with enalapril was observed in patients with SBP >130 mmHg (P=0.0076). The incidence of hypotension-related events and reduction or discontinuation of treatment due to hypotension-related events was higher in the lower SBP subgroup, and these events were more frequent in the sacubitril/valsartan than enalapril group.Conclusions: The efficacy of sacubitril/valsartan compared with enalapril was consistent across baseline SBP tertiles in Japanese patients from the PARALLEL-HF study. Hypotension-related events were more common in patients treated with sacubitril/valsartan with lower SBP.

著者

Shunsuke Tatebe Satoshi Yasuda Ryo Konno Yasuhiko Sakata Koichiro Sugimura Kimio Satoh Takashi Shiroto Satoshi Miyata Osamu Adachi Masato Kimura Yoshiko Mizuno Junko Enomoto Shigeru Tateno Hiromichi Nakajima Kotaro Oyama Yoshikatsu Saiki Hiroaki Shimokawa

出版者

The Japanese Circulation Society

雑誌

Circulation Journal (ISSN:13469843)

巻号頁・発行日

pp.CJ-23-0383, (Released:2023-09-05)

参考文献数

37

被引用文献数

2

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Background: Little is known about clinical or sociodemographic factors that influence health-related quality of life (HRQoL) in patients with adult congenital heart disease (ACHD).Methods and Results: We conducted a nationwide prospective cross-sectional multicenter study at 4 large ACHD centers in Japan. From November 2016 to June 2018, we enrolled 1,223 ACHD patients; 1,025 patients had an HRQoL score. Patients completed a questionnaire survey, including sociodemographic characteristics, and the 36-Item Short-Form Health Survey (SF-36). To determine factors associated with HRQoL, correlations between 2 SF-36 summary scores (i.e., physical component score [PCS] and mental component score [MCS]) and other clinical or sociodemographic variables were examined using linear regression analysis. In multivariable analysis, poorer PCS was significantly associated with 11 variables, including older age, higher New York Heart Association class, previous cerebral infarction, being unemployed, and limited participation in physical education classes and sports clubs. Poorer MCS was associated with congenital heart disease of great complexity, being part of a non-sports club, current smoking, and social drinking. Student status and a higher number of family members were positively correlated with MCS.Conclusions: This study demonstrates that HRQoL in ACHD patients is associated with various clinical and sociodemographic factors. Further studies are needed to clarify whether some of these factors could be targets for future intervention programs to improve HRQoL outcomes.

著者

TIMOTHY A. JINAM YOSUKE KAWAI NARUYA SAITOU

出版者

The Anthropological Society of Nippon

雑誌

Anthropological Science (ISSN:09187960)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.129, no.1, pp.3-11, 2021 (Released:2021-04-27)

参考文献数

44

被引用文献数

3 9

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Previous studies suggested two major migration events during the Jomon and Yayoi periods that affected the genetic diversity of modern Japanese (Yaponesians). We explored the possibility of a three-wave migration model by examining three datasets of modern human DNA: (1) whole mitochondrial (mt) DNA genomes of 1642 Yaponesians; (2) mtDNA haplogroup frequencies of 59105 Yaponesians from 47 prefectures; and (3) genome-wide SNP data of two Yaponesians (Ainu, Okinawa) and whole-genome sequence data of Yamato individuals, the Funadomari Jomon F23 individual, and three East Asian populations (Korean, northern Chinese, and southern Chinese). Past population size change was estimated based on dataset 1, and we clearly observed a steep population increase after the Yayoi period. Principal-component analysis and phylogenetic network analysis were applied to dataset 2, and we confirmed the pattern consistent with our model. An admixture program was used on dataset 3, and we found that the two- and three-layer migration models are both compatible with these SNP data. Taken together, these three datasets provide support for our three-wave, ‘inner dual-structure’ model.

著者

藤田 次郎 比嘉 太 健山 正男 仲松 美幸 大湾 知子

出版者

一般社団法人 日本環境感染学会

雑誌

日本環境感染学会誌 (ISSN:1882532X)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.23, no.5, pp.319-326, 2008 (Released:2009-02-16)

参考文献数

1

被引用文献数

2

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近年,院内感染によって医師の法的責任が認められ多額の損害賠償責任を命ぜられる裁判例が増加している.今回我々はmethicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus(以下,MRSAと略す)の院内感染症を対象とした判例を解析した.過去12年間の裁判例をコンピューターの判例検索システムを用いて検索し,MRSAの院内感染による病院側の責任が直接の争点となったものを抽出した.検討しえた23件の判例のうち,22事例を解析したところ,うち13件においては,医療従事者の過失が一部認容されており,残りの9件においては請求が棄却されている.また13件の一部認容と判定された事例のうち,10件においてはMRSA感染症関連のものであった.MRSA院内感染事例においては,MRSA院内感染そのものが医療従事者の責任であると判断されるケースはほとんどなかった.医療従事者の過失があると判決が下された例においては,そのほとんどがMRSA感染症の早期診断,または早期治療を適切に行わなかったことに関連するものであった.

著者

Takashi TSUKIURA

出版者

Psychologia Editorial Office

雑誌

PSYCHOLOGIA (ISSN:00332852)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.65, no.1, pp.1-3, 2023 (Released:2023-12-25)

参考文献数

7

著者

千葉 徳爾

出版者

The Human Geographical Society of Japan

雑誌

人文地理 (ISSN:00187216)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.15, no.3, pp.292-305, 1963-06-28 (Released:2009-04-28)

被引用文献数

1 1

著者

目黒 浩昭 山口 美佳 長岡 正範

出版者

一般社団法人 日本プライマリ・ケア連合学会

雑誌

日本プライマリ・ケア連合学会誌 (ISSN:21852928)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.45, no.2, pp.59-61, 2022-06-20 (Released:2022-06-21)

参考文献数

7

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鉄欠乏によりパニック症を発症したと考えられた1例を報告する.鉄はセロトニンを始め脳内モノアミンの産生において重要な役割を担っており,鉄欠乏と不安障害や抑うつ気分の合併が報告されパニック症の合併の報告も散見される.症例は30代の女性事務職員.頻繁なパニック発作で受診した.氷食症など鉄欠乏を疑うエピソードがあった.貧血はないが血清フェリチン値5.8 ng/mLと高度の鉄欠乏を認めた.鉄剤の補充とともに症状は改善した.血清フェリチン値の再低下の際に軽い発作を認めたが再補充による正常値の維持によりその後の発症を認めていない.若年女性にはかなりの割合で貧血を伴わない潜在的鉄欠乏が存在する.パニック症や抑うつ,不安障害を有する若年女性には抗うつ薬など一般的治療法とともに鉄欠乏も想起し検査を行い,鉄欠乏が存在するなら鉄補充により症状改善を期待することができるのではないだろうか.

著者

鷲田 任邦

出版者

日本政治学会

雑誌

年報政治学 (ISSN:05494192)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.72, no.1, pp.1_81-1_104, 2021 (Released:2022-06-15)

参考文献数

35

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本稿の目的は、政治的分極化 (党派的分断) がどのように民主主義を後退させるかを明らかにすることである。そのために、多国間パネルデータ (140国、1975~2019年、V-Dem/V-Party) と地域横断的なサーベイデータ (74国、2010~2020年、WVS/EVS) を用いて、マクロ・ミクロな観点から体系的分析を行う。まず、多国間データ分析を通して、エリートレベル・有権者レベルの政治的分極化が選挙の正統性を低下させ、民主的規範を軽視する非リベラル政党の政権獲得・維持に寄与すること、そうした非リベラル政権が民主主義 (特に司法・議会・メディアの自立性や法の支配) を浸食することを示す。そのうえでサーベイデータ分析を通じ、政治的分極化が選挙公平性認識の党派間のギャップ (与党支持者は選挙の公平性を高く評価し、野党支持者は選挙不正を疑う) を拡大するだけでなく、たとえクリーンな選挙を実施したとしても選挙が公平であるという認識を全体的に低下させること、そして、選挙の公平性認識の低下は、政治暴力や権威主義 (強権的リーダーや軍政) の許容につながることを示す。本稿ではさらに、政治的分極化の拡大要因 (選挙タイミングや政権汚職) や政治制度 (議院内閣制や小選挙区制のリスク) が民主主義の後退に与える影響なども検討する。

著者

斉藤 美彦

出版者

大阪経大学会

雑誌

大阪経大論集 (ISSN:04747909)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.74, no.1, pp.1-21, 2023-05-15 (Released:2023-05-31)

著者

加茂 文吉

出版者

東京工科大学

巻号頁・発行日

2023

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タイトル・著者は学位授与報告書による

著者

納富 信留

出版者

日本哲学会

雑誌

哲学 (ISSN:03873358)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.2017, no.68, pp.45-62, 2017-04-01 (Released:2017-06-14)

参考文献数

1

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In the first part of this paper, in order to reconsider the significance of the history of philosophy, I examine its relationship with philosophy in three respects. First, the history of philosophy aims to examine the beginning (archē) of philosophy. By revealing its beginnings (not only in ancient Greece), we can start to engage in a new philosophy. Second, the history provides us with philosophical texts that encourage our thinking. We find there rich resources of reasoning and ideas on philosophical issues. Third, this history shows us our own position in two ways. It presents a set of philosophical concepts, problems and frameworks that we inherit from past philosophers. Also, an examination of this heritage reveals our own position within philosophy.In the second part, I critically survey the various candidates for “first philosopher” in ancient Greece. Each thinker, from Thales to Plato, has supporters and good justification for being considered the first. Then, in the third part, I propose a new perspective, “compound eye history”, in which we investigate plural lines of thinking. Each distinct line started from a new problem raised by a philosopher and developed through critical or positive responses by his contemporaries or later thinkers. I envisage 10 “plots” or lines of ancient philosophy by which we can conceptualise that whole intellectual activity of human life and wisdom.

著者

嶋田 由美 小川 容子 水戸 博道

出版者

日本音楽教育学会

雑誌

音楽教育学 (ISSN:02896907)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.40, no.2, pp.57-62, 2010 (Released:2017-08-08)

参考文献数

11

著者

小坂田 裕子

出版者

日本平和学会

雑誌

平和研究 (ISSN:24361054)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.53, pp.17-33, 2020 (Released:2023-11-24)

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This paper examines the potential cross-border cooperation among the Saami people in Sweden, Norway, and Finland, focusing on the proposed Nordic Saami Convention in 2005. It argues that the proposed convention is more progressive than the United Nations Declaration on the Rights of Indigenous Peoples for several reasons. First, the proposed convention requires states parties to minimize the impact of national borders on Saami people; second, it contains several provisions that require states parties to promote their activities across national borders and stipulates their custom right to conduct reindeer husbandry across national borders; and third, it recognizes the possibility of excising their right of self-determination transnationally.On the contrary, the proposed convention encountered the following limitations and difficulties. First, Saami people living in Russia were not protected under this convention. Second, Finland was strongly opposed to the obligation to obtain consent from the Saami Parliaments, while they supported the obligation to consult with them. Third, Norway was strongly against the custom right of Saami people to conduct reindeer husbandry across national borders.As a result, the new draft of the Nordic Saami Convention in 2017 weakens the status of the Saami Parliaments and the rights of Saami people in many ways although it retains some provisions that require the states parties to only promote their activities across national borders. For example, the Saami Parliaments are no longer regarded as a formal party of negotiation of the Saami Convention, thus the provision that requires states to obtain consent from the Saami Parliaments before ratifying the convention had been deleted. The reference to the Saami peopleʼs custom right to conduct reindeer husbandry across national borders was deleted. The nearly equal relationship between the Saami and Nordic States assumed in the proposed convention in 2005 is unlikely to be currently realized, though it would retain its significance by showing the future direction for indigenous peoples.

著者

土肥 いつき

出版者

日本社会学会

雑誌

社会学評論 (ISSN:00215414)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.70, no.2, pp.109-127, 2019 (Released:2020-11-13)

参考文献数

15

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本稿の目的は,日常生活場面におけるトランスジェンダー(以下,TG)の性別変更をめぐる実践の過程を明らかにすることである.これまでのTG 研究は,TG に焦点化し,性別違和や自己認識などを明らかにしてきた.それに対して本稿は,TG の性別変更はTG の実践と他者の承認によって成立すると考え,後に法的に性別変更したTG の学校経験の語りを通して,外見や振る舞いを変えたときの教室内の所属グループや他者からの性別の扱いの変化を分析した.その結果,以下のことが明らかになった.第1 に,TG がおこなう外見や振る舞いを変える実践は,性別の位置どり(教室内の他の女子/男子との距離)を変える行為であるということ.第2 に,性別の位置どりの変化に対する他者の承認のもと,TG による性別の境界線の越境や再設定により,他者からの性別の扱いが変化すること.第3 に,教室内に働く出生時に割り当てられた性別へと水路づける強制力が,性別カテゴリー内の位置どりの自由度だけでなく,性別カテゴリーと出生時に割り当てられた性別の結びつきや性別カテゴリー間の境界線の自由度にも影響を与えていたこと.以上のことから,日常生活場面における性別変更は,TG が他者との相対的な性別の位置どりを変えるとともに,性別カテゴリーの境界線の越境や再設定を他者から承認されることを反復するという相互作用の中で成立する行為であることが明らかになった.

著者

福島 知己

出版者

一橋大学

雑誌

基盤研究(C)

巻号頁・発行日

2011

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『レヴォルト・ロジック』は、1975年から81年までパリ第8大学のジャック・ランシエールとジャン・ボレーユを中心に形成された研究グループが刊行していた、労働運動史などに関する研究誌である。本研究ではグループに参加していた何人かの研究者へのインタビューを通じて、研究グループがもっていた非権威主義的な性格や共同研究者たちが共通して抱いていた越境への意志のようなものが、この共同研究を嚮導していたことを理解した。あわせて『プロレタリアの夜』や『歴史の名前』などランシエールが『レヴォルト・ロジック』の前後に構想した著作の分析をおこない、両者が一貫した関心のもとで執筆されていたことを明らかにした。

著者

Ronald Decker Thierry Depaulis and Michael Dummett

出版者

Duckworth

巻号頁・発行日

1996

著者

硬砂団体研究グループ

出版者

地学団体研究会

雑誌

地球科学 (ISSN:03666611)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.38, no.1, pp.17-30, 1984-01-25 (Released:2017-07-26)

被引用文献数

1

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Katazuna Bed found in a scattered pattern around the Omiya Upland is very indurated as compared with other Quaternary sand deposits. Its stratigraphy and sedimentological properties are examinated and discribed. The results are summerized as followings. 1) Katazuna Bed distributes in slightly high areas in comparison with the surroundness, and occurs in a thin ribbon or pod form with less than 2 m in thickness, 0.7 to 2km in width, and 2 to 5 km in length, and elongated in NNW to SSE. 2) Katazuna Bed covers the tuffaceous sand "Nukazuna Bed" conformably which is deposited under the fresh water conditions and is also covered conformably by upper Shimosueyoshi Loam formation composed of air fall deposits. Katazuna Bed is deposited about the fall stage of "Kuriyokan Pumice" (: KuP.). 3) Katazuna Bed is composed of well sorted sand grains and has white tubular materials composed of alophen clay with 2 or 3 mm in diameter, and may have been indurated by imogolite as cement materials. Based on above-mentioned results, the sedimentary environment of Katazuna Bed is in-ferred as followings. 4) Katazuna Bed is formed as the result of the regression of Paleo-Tokyo Bay and the bed is important as an environmental indicator of the time. We think that in the central part of the Kanto Plain the prevailing winds transported sand grains composing Nukazuna Bed, and formed the Katazuna Bed as small river dunes or thin sand layers.

著者

髙梨 潤一

出版者

一般社団法人 日本小児神経学会

雑誌

脳と発達 (ISSN:00290831)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.51, no.3, pp.163-166, 2019 (Released:2019-05-08)

参考文献数

9

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けいれん重積型 (二相性) 急性脳症 (AESD) は病態として興奮毒性が推定され, 最も頻度が高い脳症症候群である. 「分類不能」 群のなかで軽症例の一部はMR spectroscopyで一過性のグルタミン上昇を認め, 興奮毒性型急性脳症の軽症スペクトラム (MEEX) と推定される. AESDにMEEXを加えると興奮毒性型が半数以上と想定される. また, AESDとして典型的な経過をたどりながら, late seizures後に急激に脳浮腫に陥り予後不良な経過をたどる症例も存在する. 頭部外傷後 (abusive head traumaを含む) に, AESD類似の臨床経過・画像所見を呈する乳児症例 (TBIRD) もMR spectroscopyでグルタミンの一過性上昇が認められ興奮毒性の関与が疑われる.